J.H.

Cerilles State College

INTRODUCTION
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY
[STS]
RALFH P. DE GUZMAN
 OBJECTIVE
• SAt the end of this discussion, we must be able to answer the following
questions:
1. How do we define Science? Technology? And Society.
2. How do Science, Technology and Society interact with each other
or how they are related?
3. What is Science , Technology and Society [STS]
4. What are the historical antecedents that change the course of
Science and Technology in the”
a. World (ancient, middle and modern ages)
b. Philippines?
1. How do we define…

I EN CE
SC
O LO GY
TEC HN
IE T Y
SOC
SCIENCE
- Came from Latin word ”Scientia” which
means KNOWLEDGE.

- A system of acquiring knowledge based on

the Scientific Method

- As a process used to solve problems or

develop an understanding of nature that
involves testing possible answers.
 SCIENCE
- An organization, systematic and methodological activity building
and organizing knowledge about how the universe behaves through
observation, experimentation or both.
- As discovery of regularity in nature, enough for natural
phenomena to be describe by principles and laws
- Tries to discover facts and relationships and then tries to
create theories that makes sense of these facts and
relationships
1. How do we define…

O LO GY
TEC HN
 TECHNOLOG
-YComes from Greek root word “techne”,
meaning “art, skill or cunning of hand”.

- It is the application of scientific

knowledge, laws, and principles to
produce services, materials, tools, and
machines aimed at solving real-world
problems
TECHNOLOG
Y - It refers to the methods, systems and
devices which are the result of
scientific knowledge being used for
practical purposes.

- The human attempt to change the

world… by creating products that
make our life easier.
1. How do we define…

IE T Y
SOC
SOCIETY
- Came from Latin word “societas” which means “a
friendly association with others”

- A large group of people who live together in an organized

way, making decisions about how to do thigs and sharing
the work that needs to be done.
SOCIETY
- A grouping of
individuals, which id
characterized by
common interest and
may have distinctive
culture and institutions.
1. How do we define…
Process of acquiring Scientific Knowledge

I EN CE
SC Application of
Scientific Knowledge
for People

LO GY
C HNO Group of People
TE Who Uses
Technology & Who

C IE T Y are Studying Science

SO
2. How do Science, Technology and
Society interact with each other or how
they are related?

I E NC E
SC OGY
HNO L
TEC T Y
SOC IE
 2. How do they interact?
Explore for the
purpose of
KNOWING

Explores Explores fro the

SCIENCE & purpose of making
TECHNOLOGY something USEFUL
for better life from that
knowledge
2. How do they interact?
Science DRIVES technology by making new technology
possible through scientific BREAKTHROUGHS

TECHNOLOGY SCIENCE
2. How do they interact?
ENGINEERS focus on using science to develop PRODUCTS
2. How do they interact?
Without TECHNOLOGY, some science experiments would not
be possible.
2. How do they interact?
Without SCIENCE , technology could not proceed.
SCIENCE is the
way of
KNOWING

TECHNOLOGY is
way of DOING
BETTER
WORLD
Is it important to study Science
Technology & Society (STS) Why?
3. What is Science , Technology and
Society [STS]
Science , Technology and Society [STS]
- Is a relatively young field that combines previously
independent and older disciplines, such as History of
Science, Philosophy of Science, and Sociology of Science.
Science , Technology and Society [STS]

is the study of how social political

and cultural values affect
scientific research and
technological innovation, and
how these in turn affect society,
politics and culture
Science , Technology and Society [STS]

Science , Technology and Society [STS]

- Is a relatively young field that combines previously
independent and older disciplines, such as History of
Science, Philosophy of Science, and Sociology of Science.
4. What are the historical antecedents that
change the course of Science and
Technology?

HISTORICAL
ANTECEDENTS OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
"Those Who Do Not Learn History Are
Doomed To Repeat It."
- Sir Winston Churchill
 ANTECEDENT
S
• It is defined as a precursor to the unfolding or existence of something.
• Antecedents of science and technology are factors that paved way for
the presence of advanced and sophisticated scientific and
technological innovations today.
• We can use the historical developments of science and technology to
come up with proper decisions and applications of science and
technology to daily life.
 HISTORICAL
ANTECEDENTS
MIDDLE

HISTORICAL
ANCIENT MODERN
ANTECEDENTS
ANCIENT PERIOD
• Ancient civilization paved the way for advances in science and technology.

• These advances during the ancient period allowed civilizations to flourish by

finding better ways of communication, transportation, self-organization and ways of
living.
ANCIENT WHEEL
• People from ancient
civilization used animals as
means of transportation.

• The invention of ancient

wheel is credited to the
Sumerians.
ANCIENT WHEEL
POTTER’S WHEEL ANCIENT WHEEL
PAPER
• Around 3000 B.C., the ancient
Egyptians began writing on a
papyrus.

• It is made up from a pith of plant

called cyperus papyrus.
• Before the invention of papyrus,
writing and record-keeping is done on
stones and tablets.
SHADOOF
• A tool used and invented by
ancient Egyptians to irrigate
land.
• It is a hand-operated device used
for lifting water.

• Its invention introduced the idea

of lifting things using
counterweights.
ANTIKYTHERA MECHANISM
• Discovered in 1902 and retrieved
from the waters of Antikythera,
Greece.
• It is a mechanism similar to a
clock for it has a circular face
and rotating hands.
• It is believed that this mechanism
is used to predict astronomical
positions and eclipses.
ANTIKYTHERA
MECHANISM
AEOLIPILE
• It is also known as the Hero’s engine.

• It is a steam-powered turbine which

spins as the water container at its
center is heated.

• At first, it doesn’t served any practical

purpose. It is believed to be one of the
“temple wonders” at that time.
MIDDLE AGES
• The major advances in scientific and technological development took place in this
period.
• These advancements include constant increase if new inventions, innovations in
traditional production and the emergence of scientific thinking and method.
HEAVY PLOUGH
“The heavy plough turned European agriculture
and economy on its head. The fields with heavy,
fatty soil became those that gave the greatest
yields.”
- Prof. Thomas Andersen

- Because of the invention of heavy plough,

northern Europe saw rapid economic
prosperity.
GUNPOWDER
- Around 850 A.D., Chinese alchemists
accidentally invented the gunpowder.
- Prior to the invention of gunpowder,
swords and spears were used in battles
and wars.
- The invention of gunpowder has
allowed advanced warfare such as
fiery arrows, cannons and grenades.
PAPER MONEY
- Paper money was first used by
Chinese in 17th century.
- Before the introduction of paper
money, merchants and traders used
precious metals such as gold and
silver.
• They realized that using paper money
brought advantages because it is
easier to keep and transport.
MECHANICAL CLOCK
• The development of mechanical
clock helped the people in
accurately keeping the track of
time.
• The sophistication of clockwork
technology drastically changed
the way of spending the day and
work patterns were established.
SPINNING WHEEL
• A machine used to transform fiber
into thread or yarn and eventually
woven into cloth.
• It is theorized that the Indians are the
one invented the spinning wheel
between 6th and 11th century.

• It sped up the rate of manually

spinning fiber by 10 to 100 times.
MODERN AGES
• Historical period when people realized the importance of the efficiency of
transportation, communication and production.

• Industrialization took place but with greater risk on human health, food safety and
environment.
TELESCOPE
• Invented by Galileo Galilei that
can magnify 20 times larger than
a regular glasses.

• This is used to discover

important astronomical
discoveries such as craters and
mountains in moon.
COMPOUND MICROSCOPE
• Invented by a Dutch
Zacharias Janssen in 1590’s.

• Nowadays, microscope is
used in many scientific
studies in the area of
medicine, forensics and
genetics.
JACQUARD LOOM
• Built by French weaver Joseph Marie
Jacquard which simplifies textile
manufacturing.

• Prior to this invention, a drawloom is

used which requires two persons to
operate.
ENGINE-POWERED
AIRPLANE • Invented by Orville Wright and
Wilbur Wright.
• They demonstrated that slightly-tilted
wings are the key features of a flying
aircraft.
TELEVISION
- Invented by Scottish engineer John Logie
Baird in 1920s.

- British Broadcasting Corporation used this

for its earliest television programming in
1929.
- This first television is mechanical and not
the same as the television we have
nowadays.
 Inventions by
Filipino Scientists
E-Jeepney
Erythromycin
 Invented by Abelardo
Aguilar
 Created from the strain
of bacterium
Streptomyces erthreus
Medical Incubator
 Invented by Fe Del
Mundo
Mole Remover
 Credited for the invention of
the mole remover is Mr.
Rolando Dela Cruz
 made from cashew nuts
extracts
Banana Ketchup
 Invented by the
Maria Y. Orosa
Assessment:Instruction/s: Identification. Answer
the following questions. NO ERASURE.
1. What is defined as a precursor to unfolding or
existence of something?
2.What is the name of the plant used in creating
the first paper?
3.Who invented the black powder?
4.What century is the first version of paper
money is introduced?
5.Who invented the compound microscope?
Assessment:
6. Who states that the modern science is a discovery as
well as inventions?
7. What is the application of the scientific knowledge
and principles?
8. What is the academic field that seeks to remove the
gap of traditional exclusive cultures and natural
science?
9. What is Latin noun used to describe society?
10. What is the ancient precursor of the steam-engines?
Assessment:
11. What is the most important technological
invention of modern ages in the study of astronomy?
12. What is the year for the first moving object is
projected to the television?
13. What do the Wright brothers call the slightly tilted-
wings?
14. What was used to produce the mole remover?
15. Who is the first woman pediatrician that entered
the Harvard University’s School of Medicine?
Assessment:

What is the relevance of this subject:

a. To your course
b. And to your life
Assessment:
16-20. What is the full
name of your STS
Teacher?