Chapters: Cell, Tissue Time: 1 Hour

Maximum Marks: 30 (Questions 1 to 6 carry 2 marks, 7 to 12 carry 3 marks)

1. (i) Name a plant tissue having only dead cells?

(ii) what minerals is the bone matrix rich in?
2. (i) presence of which chemical in cork cells makes them impervious to
water and gases?
(ii) which tissue in plants provides them flexibility?
3. (i) what is cell wall made up of?
(ii) which cell organelle is the storage sac of solid and liquid materials?
4. Write two differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
5. What is (i) lignin (ii) cutin?
6. (i) Which tissue helps water hyacinth float on water surface?
(ii) If a potted plant is covered with a glass jar, water vapour appears
on the wall of the glass jar. Why?
7. Write two differences between xylem and phloem. Why are both of them
classified as complex tissues?
8. Write two differences between:
(i) Parenchyma and Collenchyma
(ii) Skeletal muscle and smooth muscle
(iii) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum & Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.
9. Define:
(i) Differentiation
(ii) Plasmolysis
(iii) Nucleoid
10. Give reasons:
(i) If you are provided with some vegetables to cook, you generally
add salt into the vegetables. After adding salt, vegetables release
water. Why?
(ii) A person takes concentrated solution of salt, after sometime, he
starts vomiting.
(iii) The skin of your finger shrinks when you wash clothes for a long
time.
11. Draw a well-labeled diagram of a plant cell and show all major cell
organelles.
12. (i) What is the significance of pores present on the nuclear membrane?
(ii) Why Intercellular spaces are absent in sclerenchymatous tissues?
(iii) Why is the epidermis present as a thick waxy coating of cutin in
desert plants?
 ANSWERS
1. (i) sclerenchyma
(ii) calcium and potassium
2. (i) suberin
(ii) collenchyma
3. (i) cellulose
(ii) vacuole
4. Differences:

5. (i) Lignin is a chemical substance present in the cell wall of plants, which
acts as a cement and hardens it.
(ii) Cutin is a chemical substance with waterproof quality covering the
aerial parts of plants.
6. (i) aerenchyma
(ii) This happens because of transpiration due to which water is released
from the plant in the form of water vapour, which appears on the glass
jar.
7. Differences:

Xylem and phloem are called as complex tissues as they are made up of
more than one type of cells.
8. Differences (i)

(ii) skeletal muscle vs smooth muscle

iii. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum & Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

9. (i) The cells formed by meristematic tissue take up a specific role and lose
the ability to divide. As a result, they form a permanent tissue.
This process of taking up a permanent shape, size, and function is called
differentiation.
(ii) It is the shrinkage of cytoplasm due to loss of water when kept in a
hypertonic medium.
(iii) The undefined nuclear region in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes is
known as nucleoid.
10. Reasons:
(i) When salt is added, a hypotonic medium is created, i.e., the
concentration of salt molecules is more outside the vegetables
than inside. Hence, due to osmosis water from the vegetables come
out.
(ii) Concentrated salt solution is a hypertonic solution. This causes
exosmosis in the cells of the alimentary tract. This further results
into dehydration and irritation thus resulting in vomiting.
(iii) Soap solution is a hypertonic solution. When our fingers are in
contact with it for a long time, water from epidermal cells of
fingers diffuse out through the process of osmosis and the skin
shrinks.
11. Diagram
12. (i) The pores present on the nuclear membrane allow transport of water-
soluble molecules across the nuclear envelope. RNA and ribosomes move
out of the nucleus, whereas carbohydrates, lipids and proteins move into
the nucleus.
(ii) Sclerenchyma cells have lignified cell walls, which make them
compact and leaves no intercellular spaces.
(iii) A thick waxy coating of cutin is present in desert plants to prevent
excessive loss of water during transpiration. Due to this, plants can
survive in scarcity of water in deserts.