SCIENCE 5

4th QUARTER
Module 1
Achy Break-y Rock

Most Essential Learning Competency

⚫ Describe how rocks turn into soil (S5ES-IVa-1)

Expectations
This module will help you to:
• describe the processes on how rocks turn into soil;
• compare mechanical from chemical weathering;
• identify the agents of weathering (e.g. water, wind, people, animals, plants, sun);
• explain how the action of wind, water and sun contribute to rock weathering; and
• infer that continuous weathering leads to soil formation.
 Pretest
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the
answer sheet provided.

_____1. What is the process by which rocks turn into soil?

A. breaking B. dissolving C. weather D. weathering

_____2. Which causes physical or mechanical weathering?

A. acid rain B. oxidation C. roots of trees D. salt water

_____3. Which human activities contribute to weathering?

A. farming B. fishing C. painting D. reforestation

_____4. Which process can bring out chemical weathering?

A. boiling of water C. oxidation

B. flowing water D. plant growth

_____5. Which is NOT an agent of weathering?

A. acid B. ice C. plants D. soil

Looking Back
Electromagnets are magnets produced when electric currents flow into a coiled

wire. Electromagnetism means transforming electricity to create a magnetic force.

Magnetic force is the attracting or repelling force of a magnet due to the arrangements of

its atoms.

Direction: Identify the parts that make up an electromagnet, choose your

answers from the box. Write your answers on the answer sheet.

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 Brief Introduction

Weathering is the process of breaking rocks into smaller pieces. Soil is formed

through the process of continuous weathering. There are two types of weathering physical

or mechanical weathering and chemical weathering. Mechanical Weathering is the

breaking of rocks by physical forces without changing their chemical property. Chemical

Weathering is the decomposition or breaking of rocks because of chemical reactions.

The agents of physical weathering are plants, animals, insects, water, ice, wind,

and human activities. Chemical weathering is more common in places with the presence

of water combined with other substances. The most common types of chemical

weathering are carbonation, hydrolysis, hydration, and oxidation.

Activity 1 ROCKING SOIL

Materials:

➢ 4 small rocks (size of a marble)

preferably limestones
➢ protective goggles or face shield
➢ 2 ice plastic bags
➢ small hammer

Direction:

1. Prepare a safe workplace in front of the house and do this under the supervision

of a responsible adult.

2. Double the ice plastic bag to make it durable.

3. Place the 4 limestones inside the ice plastic bag and place it on the floor.

4. Wear your protective goggles or face shield.

5. Carefully hammer the rocks 5 times and observe what happens.

6. Carefully hammer them again 10 times and then 20 times.

7. Write your observations in the table below.

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Questions:

1. What happened to the rocks after you hammered them? ________________

_____________________________________________________________
2. How is the hammering of rocks related to weathering? __________________
_____________________________________________________________
3. What do you think will happen to the rocks if you will hammer them over and
over? ________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
4. How will you relate the continuous breaking of rocks to the formation of soil?
_____________________________________________________________

READY ROCK ACTION

Activity 2
Direction: Choose the symbol of the factor that affects weathering of rocks described in
each item. Draw the symbol of your answers on the answer sheet.
Symbols of the factors affecting weathering:

4
Questions:

1. What are the 3 factors affecting weathering that were mentioned in this activity?
______________________________________________________________
2. How does the sun, water and wind affect the process of weathering?

➢ Sun __________________________________________________________

➢ Water _________________________________________________________

➢ Wind _________________________________________________________

LETTER MATCH
Activity 3

Direction: Complete the meaning of weathering and its two types by filling the blanks

with letters that correspond to the number indicated below. Write your

answers in the answer sheet.

1. Weathering is the __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ down of rocks.

2 18 5 1 11 9 14 7

2. Mechanical weathering is the breaking of rocks by __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

16 8 25 19 9 3 1 12
forces without changing its chemical properties.

3. Chemical weathering is the decomposition or breaking of rocks

because of __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ reaction.
3 8 5 13 9 3 1 12

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 Check Your Understanding
Direction: Write MW if the sentence describes mechanical weathering and CW if it

describes chemical weathering. Write your answers on the answer sheet.

________1. Roots of trees penetrate and gradually break rocks.

________2. The wind blows sand against rocks and slowly wears them away.

________3. Chemical reactions break down the bonds that hold the rock together.

________4. Acidic water causes the slowly dissolving of the minerals in rocks and

makes the rocks crack.

________5. Worms and other burrowing animals break up rocks as they make tunnels.

Remember
➢ Weathering – the process of breaking rocks into smaller pieces

➢ Mechanical and Chemical Weathering – the two types of weathering

➢ Mechanical weathering is the breaking of rocks by physical forces without

changing their chemical properties.

➢ Physical Weathering – another name for mechanical weathering

➢ Chemical Weathering - is the decomposition or breaking of rocks

because of chemical reaction.

➢ Animals, Plants, water, wind, and human activities – the most common agents

of weathering.

➢ Carbonation, Hydrolysis, Hydration, and Oxidation – the most common types

of chemical weathering.

➢ Decomposition – the process of disintegration, breaking down to simpler

matter, or decay. These often occur during chemical weathering.

➢ Rocks – a naturally occurring solid material, a combination of minerals

➢ Soil – a thin layer of the earth’s surface and is formed from the weathering of rocks

– sand, loam, and clay are the 3 types of soil

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 Posttest
Directions: Read the items carefully and write the letter of the correct answer on the
answer sheet provided.
_____1. Which human activity contributes to weathering?

A. farming B. fishing C. painting D. reforestation

_____2. Which can lead to chemical weathering?

A. boiling water C. burrowing worms

B. blowing wind D. growing plants
_____3. Which is an example of an agent of mechanical weathering.
A. acid rain B. oxidation C. roots of trees D. salt water

_____4. This is NOT an agent of weathering.

A. plants B. ice C. acid D. soil

_____5. It is a process by which rocks breakdown and turn into soil.

A. breaking B. dissolving C. eroding D. weathering

Reflection

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 (Portion
for the
ANSWER SHEET SUBJECT
Science 5 Quarter 4 Week 1 CODE)
Name: _____________________________________ Grade and Section: _______________

Looking Back

Activity 1 – ROCKING SOIL Questions :

Activity 2 – READY ROCK ACTION

Questions :

Activity 3 – LETTER MATCH

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Check Your Understanding:

REFLECTION
Think about this: