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Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Ex 1 (E) - AP Board Solutions
Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Ex 1 (E) - AP Board Solutions
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Practicing the Intermediate 2nd Year Maths 2B Textbook Solutions Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Exercise 1(e)
will help students to clear their doubts quickly.
Question 1.
Discuss the relative position of the following pair of circles.
i) x² + y² – 4x – 6y – 12 = 0
x² + y² + 6x + 18y + 26 = 0.
Solution:
Centres of the circles are A (2, 3), B(-3, -9)
−−−−−−−−
radii are r1 = √4 + 9 + 12 = 5
−−−−−−−−−
r2 = √9 + 81 − 26 = 8
−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−
AB = √(2 + 3)2 + (3 + 9)
2
−−−−−−−
= √25 + 144 = 13 = r1 + r2
∴ The circles touch externally.
ii) x² + y² + 6x + 6y + 14 = 0,
x² + y² – 2x – 4y – 4 = 0.
Solution:
Centres are A (-3, -3), B (1, 2)
−−−−−−−−
r1 = √9 + 9 − 14 = 2,
−−−−−−−−
r2 = √ 1 + 4 + 4 = 3
−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−−−− X
AB = √(−3 − 1)2 + (−3 − 2)
2
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4/3/24, 10:36 PM Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Ex 1(e) – AP Board Solutions
−−−−− − −−
= √16 + 25 = √41 > r1 + r2
∴ Each circle lies exterior to the other circle.
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iv) x² + y² – 2x + 4y – 4 = 0, x² + y² + 4x – 6y – 3 = 0
Solution:
Centres are A (1, -2), B (-2, 3)
−−−−−−−− −−−−−−−−
r1 = √1 + 4 + 4 = 3, r2 = √4 + 9 + 3 = 4
−−−−−−−−− −−−−−− − −−−− −
AB = 2 2
√(1 + 2) + (−2 − 3) = √9 + 16
−−−−− −−
= √9 + 25 = √34 < r1 + r2
r1 – r2 < AB < r2 + r1
∴ The circles intersect each other.
Question 2.
Find the number of possible common tangents that exist for the following pairs of circles.
i) x² + y² + 6x + 6y + 14 = 0,
x² + y² – 2x – 4y – 4 = 0
Solution:
c1 ( -3, -3) c2 = (1, 2)
ii) x² + y² – 4x – 2y + 1 = 0;
x² + y² – 6x – 4y + 4 = 0.
Solution:
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4/3/24, 10:36 PM Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Ex 1(e) – AP Board Solutions
−−−−−−−−−−−− −−− –
C1 C2 = √(2 − 3)2 2
+ (1 − 2) = √2
iii) x² + y² – 4x + 2y – 4 = 0;
x² + y² + 2x – 6y + 6 = 0.
Solution:
C1 (2, -1) C2 = (-1, 3)
iv) x² + y² = 4; x² + y² – 6x – 8y + 16 = 0
Solution:
v) x² + y² + 4x – 6y – 3 = 0
x² + y² + 4x – 2y + 4 = 0.
Solution:
C1 (-2, 3) C2 = (-2, 1)
−−−−−−−− −−−−−−−−
r 1 = √ 4 + 9 + 3 = 4 r2 = √ 4 + 1 − 4 = 1
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
C1 C2 = √(−2 + 2)2 + (3 − 1)2
C 1 C 2 = 2 < 3 = r1 – r 2
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4/3/24, 10:36 PM Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Ex 1(e) – AP Board Solutions
Question 3.
Find the internal centre of similitude for the circles x² + y² + 6x – 2y + 1 =0 and x² + y² – 2x – 6y + 9 = 0.
Solution:
Question 4.
Find the external centre of similitude for the circles x² + y² – 2x – 6y + 9 = 0 and x² + y² = 4.
Solution:
Centre of the circle C1 (1, 3) and C2 (0,0)
−−−−−−−−
r1 = √ 1 + 9 − 9 , r2 = 2
External centre of similitude S¹ divides C1 C2 externally in the ratio
r 1 : r2 = 1 : 2
II.
Question 1.
i) Show that the circles x² + y² – 6x – 2y + 1 = 0 ; x² + y² + 2x – 8y + 13 = 0 touch each other. Find the point of contact and
the equation of common tangent at their point of contact.
Solution:
Equations of the circles are
S1 ≡ x² + y² – 6x – 2y + 1 =0
S2 ≡ x² + y² + 2x – 8y + 13 = 0
5 5 5
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4/3/24, 10:36 PM Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Ex 1(e) – AP Board Solutions
ii) Show that x² + y² – 6x – 9y + 13 = 0, x² + y² – 2x – 16y = 0 touch each other. Find the point of contact and the equation of
common tangent at their point of contact.
Solution:
Equations of the circles are
S1 ≡ x² + y² – 6x – 9y + 13 = 0
S2 ≡ x² + y² – 2x – 16y = 0
centres are A (3, 9
2
), B(1, 8)
∴ The circles touch each other internally. The point of contact ‘P’ divides AB externally in the ratio r1 : r2 = : √65
√ 65
= 1 : 2 Co-ordinates of P are
P = (5, 1)
∴ Equation of the common tangent is
S1 – S 2 = 0
– 4x + 7y +13 = 0
4x – 7y – 13 = 0
Question 2.
Find the equation of the circle which touches the circle x² + y² – 2x – 4y – 20 = 0 externally at (5, 5) with radius 5.
Solution:
x² + y² – 2x – 4y – 20 = 0 ,
C = (1, 2)
Equation of circle be
(x – 9)² + (y – 8)²
x² + y² – 18x – 16y + 120 = 0
If (h, k) is the centre of the required circle (5, 5) is the mid-point of (1, 2) and (h, k).
Question 3.
Find the direct common tangents of the circles.
x² + y² + 22x – 4y – 100 = 0 and x² + y² – 22x + 4y + 100 = 0.
Solution:
C1 = (-11, 2) C2 = (11, -2)
−−−−−−−−−−−
r1 = √121 + 4 + 100 = 15
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4/3/24, 10:36 PM Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Ex 1(e) – AP Board Solutions
−−−−−−− −−− −
r2 = √121 + 4 − 100 =5
Let y = mx + c be tangent
mx – y + c = 0
⊥ from (-11, 2) to tangent = 15
⊥ from (11 ,-2) to tangent = 5
c = -22 m – 4
∴ y = mx – 22m – 4
This line is a tangent to the second circle
∴ =5
|11m+2−22m−4|
√m2 +1
⇒ 24y = 7x – 250
⇒ 7x – 24y – 250 = 0
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4/3/24, 10:36 PM Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Ex 1(e) – AP Board Solutions
Question 4.
Find the transverse common tangents of the circles x² + y² – 4x – 10y + 28 = 0 and x² + y² + 4x – 6y + 4 = 0.
Solution:
C1 = (2, 5), C2 = (-2, 3)
AP I t 2 d Y N t AP B k
AP Inter 2nd Year Important Questions
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4
Class 5 Class 6 Class 7 Class 8
Class 9 Class 10 Class 11 Class 12
= [ 44 , 9
2
] = [1, 9
2
]
Equation of the pair transverse of the common tangents is
Question 5.
Find the pair of tangents from (4, 10) to the circle x² + y² = 25.
Solution:
SS11 = S²1
(x² + y² – 25) (16 + 100 – 25)
= (4x + 10 y -25)²
91x² + 91y² – 2275
= [16x² + 100y² + 625 + 80xy – 200x – 500y]
75x² – 9y² – 80xy + 500y + 200x – 2900 = 0
Question 6.
Find the pair of tangents drawn from (0,0) to x2 + y2 + 10x + 10y + 40 = 0.
Solution:
S.S11 = S²1
(x² + y² + 10x + 10y + 40) (40) = [5x + 5y + 40]²
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4/3/24, 10:36 PM Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Ex 1(e) – AP Board Solutions
III.
Question 1.
Find the equation of the circle which touches x² + y² – 4x + 6y – 12 = 0 at (-1, 1) internally with a radius of 2.
Solution:
C1 = (2, -3)
−−−−−−−−
r1 = √4 + 9 + 12 = 5
Let C2 = (h, k)
point of contact – (x, y) = (-1, 1)
since the two circles touch internally
5
) and radius 2 is given by
(x – 1
5
)² + (y + 1
5
)² = 4
5x² + 5y² – 2x + 6y – 18 = 0
Question 2.
Find all common tangents of the following pairs of circles.
(i) x² + y² = 9 and x² + y² – 16x + 2y + 49 = 0
Solution:
The circles are x² + y² = 9
x² + y² – 16x + 2y + 49 = 0
Centre are A (0, 0), B(8, -1)
√m2 +1
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= 64m² + 16m + 1
63m² + 16m = 0
m(63m + 16) = 0
m = 0 or .
−16
63
Case (i): m = 0
Substituting in (1), equation of the tangent is
-y + 3 = 0
y–3=0
Case (ii) : m = .
−16
63
7
)
Equation of the transverse common tangent is
7y + 3 = 7mx – 24m
7mx – 7y – (24m + 3) = 0 ………… (2)
This is a tangent to the circle x² + y² = 9
3=
|24m+3| 3 |28m+1|
=
√49m2 +49 √7 √m2 +1
3 5
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4/3/24, 10:36 PM Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Ex 1(e) – AP Board Solutions
ii) x² + y² + 4x + 2y – 4 = 0 and x² + y² – 4x – 2y + 4 = 0
Solution:
−−−−−−−− −−−−−−−−
r1 = √4 + 1 + 4 = 3, r2 = √4 + 1 + 4 = 1
External center of similitude S divides AB externally in the ratio 3 : 1
3 : 1 A (-2,-1), S’ B (2, 1) S
Co-ordinates of S are
( , ) = (4, 2)
3.2−(−2)1 3.1−1(−1)
3−1 3−1
Suppose m is the slope of the tangent Equation of the tangent can be taken as
y – 2 = m(x – 4)
= mx – 4m
mx – y + (2 – 4m) = 0 ………… (1)
This is a tangent to the circle
x² + y² + 4x + 2y – 4 = 0
m=0
Substituting in (1), equation of the tangent is y + 2 = 0 or y -2 = 0
m= 4
3
x–y– 10
3
=0
4x – 3y – 10 = 0
Internal centre of similitude S’ divides AB internally in the ratio 3 : 1
Co-ordinates of S’ are
( 3+1 , x) = (1, )
6−2 3−1 1
3+1 2
2
= m(x – 1)
= mx – m
mx – y + ( 12 – m) = 0 ………. (2)
This is a tangent to the circle
x² + y² + 4x + 2y – 4 = 0
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4/3/24, 10:36 PM Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Ex 1(e) – AP Board Solutions
x–1=0
4m + 3 = 0
m=
−3
-3x – 4y + 5 = 0
3x + 4y – 5 = 0
Equation of direct common tangents are
y – 2 = 0, 4x – 3y – 10 = 0
Equation of transvere common tangents are
x – 1 = 0, 3x + 4y – 5 = 0
Question 3.
Find the pair of tangents drawn from (3, 2) to the circle x² + y² – 6x + 4y – 2 = 0.
Solution:
S.S11 = S²1
(x² + y² – 6x + 4y – 2)
(9+ 4 – 6 × 3 + 4 × 2 – 2)
= (3x + 2y – 3(x + 3) + 2(y + 2) – 2)²
(x² + y² – 6x + 4y – 2) = (4y – 7)²
x² + y² – 6x + 4y – 2 = 16y² – 56y + 49
x² – 15y² – 6x + 60y – 51 = 0
Question 4.
Find the pair of tangents drawn from (1, 3) to the circle x² + y² – 2x + 4y – 11 = 0 and also find the angle between them.
Solution:
S.S11 = S²1
(x² + y² – 2x + 4y -11) (1 + 9-2 + 12-11) = [x + 3y – 1 (x + 1) + 2 (y + 3)- 11]²
(x² + y² – 2x + 4y – 11)9 = [5y-6]²
9x² + 9y² – 18x + 36y – 99
25y²+ 36 – 60 y
9x² – 16y² – 18x + 96y – 135 = 0
Question 5.
Find the pair of tangents from the origin to the circle x² + y² + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 and hence deduce a condition for these
tangents to be perpendicular.
Solution:
S.S11 = S²1
(x² + y² + 2gx + 2fy + c) (c) = [gx + fy + c]²
= g²x² +f²y²+ 2gfxy + 2gcx + 2fyc + c²
(gx + fy)² = c(x² + y²)
g²x² + f²y² + 2fg xy = cx² + cy²
(g² – c)x + 2fgxy + (f² – c)y² = 0
co-efficient of x² + co-efficient of y² = 0
g² – c + f² – c = 0
g² + f² = 2c
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4/3/24, 10:36 PM Inter 2nd Year Maths 2B Circle Solutions Ex 1(e) – AP Board Solutions
Question 6.
From a point on the circle x² + y² + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0, two tangents are drawn to the circle x² + y² + 2gx + 2fy + c sin² α +
(g² + f²) cos² α = 0 (0 < a < π/2). Prove that the angle between them is 2α.
Solution:
[x²1 + y²1 + 2gx1 + 2fy1 + c sin² α + (g² + f²) cos² α] (S)
= (xx1 + yy1 + g(x + x1) + f(y + y1) + c sin² α + (g² + f²) cos² α)²
[(-c + c sin² α)+ (g² + f²) cos² α]S
= (x (x1 + g) + y (y1 + f) + gx1 + fy1 + c sin² α + (g² + f²) cos² α)²
[cos² α (g² + f² – c)] S
= [x (x1 + g) + y (y1 + f) + gx1 + fy1 + c sin² α + (g² + f²)cos² α
Let g² + f² – c = r²
= [x (x1 + g) + y (y1 + f) + gx1 + fy1 + gx1 + fy1 + c + (cos² α).r²)²
Coefficient of x² is r² cos² α – (x1 + g)²
Coefficient of y² is r² cos2 α – (y1 + f)²
Coefficient of xy is
h. cos² α r² – 2 (x1 + g) (y1 + f)
cos θ = cos 2 α
θ = 2α
Hence proved.
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