Social Structure of Samawa Indigenous People

Customary Law

BY:

JUANDA (D1A02310185)

Law Study Program

INDEEP

University of Mataram
Abstrac

The customary law of the Samawa tribe is a way of life that serves as a legal basis in the daily lives of
indigenous people in Indonesia. It is a bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife for the
purpose of having offspring and establishing the lineage of parents and relatives. This customary law
can be applied in the legal system as a guideline for living in a multicultural society in Indonesia. In
ensuring the interests of indigenous peoples in Indonesia, the customary law of the Samawa tribe can
accommodate the dynamics of indigenous peoples in Indonesia, such as modernization, globalization,
and changes that occur in daily life. By respecting and developing the cultural values they uphold,
indigenous peoples in Indonesia can maintain their cultural identity and develop awareness of the
cultural wealth that exists in Indonesia.

Keywords: Customary Law, Samawa Tribe

Sosial Structure

A. Genological Ties

The Samawa tribe is a group of people bound by ancestry, who originated from the migration
of neighboring islands such as Lombok, Bali, Java and Sulawesi. In terms of genealogical ties,
the indigenous population of Sumbawa originated from blood mixing between migrants and
natives, which established several kingdoms such as Utan Kadali, Tangko and Taliwang.
Genealogical ties have a patrilineal system, which means that the father who has a child will
be the father of the child in genealogical ties.

B. Territorial Ties

The Samawa tribe is a group of people who are bound to a certain area or region. In territorial
ties, the indigenous people of the Samawa tribe live together in a certain area/ulayat, which
has territorial factors as very important.

Introduction

The indigenous Samawa tribe originated from the migration of various neighboring islands such as
Lombok, Bali, Java and Sulawesi. From the blood mixing between migrants and natives, several
kingdoms were established such as Utan Kadali, Tangko and Taliwang. The tribe has a patrilineal
system, which means that the father who has a child will be the father of the child in genealogical ties.

The tribe has power holders within the tribe consisting of adult males, customary law which has the
rank of expulsion by the tribe, and property belonging to the tribe, except for non-essential items.
Sumbawa Island has a wide variety of interesting and unique cultures and customs, such as marriage
ceremonies, traditions, ceremonial tools, and so on.Sumbawa tribal marriage ceremony is one of the
cultures that still exist today.Sumbawa people have a variety of traditions, such as karaci, pasaji ponan,
and barapan kebo.Ceremonial tools, such as sesambu and empar, used in the nyorong tradition, are
symbols that are prayed for by families and relatives and the community to the bride and
groom.Sumbawa Island has a variety of specialties, such as Sepat, Singang, and Gecok.
 The customary law used as a legal basis in everyday life is the customary law of the Samawa tribe,
which is a bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife for the purpose of obtaining
offspring and building the lineage of parents and relatives. In the problem approach, the customary
law of the Samawa tribe can be seen in terms of the Marriage Law, which is a written law that applies
in Indonesia. In the normative approach, the customary law of the Samawa tribe can be seen from the
perspective of the applicable law in the Samawa tribe. In the cultural acculturation approach with
religion, Samawa customary law can be seen from the perspective of how Samawa customary law
affects religion on Sumbawa Island.

In ensuring the interests of indigenous peoples in Indonesia, the contribution of the Samawa
indigenous tribe can accommodate the dynamics of indigenous peoples in Indonesia, such as
modernization, globalization, and changes that occur in daily life. By respecting and developing the
cultural values they uphold, indigenous peoples in Indonesia can maintain their cultural identity and
develop awareness of the cultural wealth that exists in Indonesia.

Problem Formulation

1. How does modernization and globalization affect the cultural values upheld in the Samawa
indigenous tribe?
2. What is the role of Samawa customary law in ensuring the interests of indigenous peoples in
Indonesia?

Discussion

The Samawa indigenous tribe's territory is located on Sumbawa Island, which is one of the small
islands in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The Samawa tribe occupies the western and central parts of
Sumbawa Island. This community has various interesting and unique traditions, cultures, and
specialties, such as marriage ceremonies, traditional weapons, and ceremonial tools. The Samawa
tribe also has various languages, ranging from Sumbawa, Malay, to the national language of Indonesia.
In addition, most of the population adheres to the teachings of Islam, and there are minorities of
Hinduism, Buddhism, and Animist beliefs.

The Samawa indigenous community is made up of people indigenous to Sumbawa Island.

Etymologically, "tau samawa" comes from "tau" which means people and "tana" which means land,
and "samawa" which comes from the Sanskrit "sammava" which means from various directions.The
Samawa community has customary laws that concern members of the wife's and husband's kin.
Marriage according to Sumbawa customary law is a bond between a man and a woman as husband
and wife for the purpose of obtaining offspring and establishing the lineage of parents and relatives.
With the occurrence of marriage, husband and wife have the obligation to obtain offspring who will
be the successor to the lineage of parents and relatives. In ensuring the interests of indigenous peoples
in Indonesia, the Samawa indigenous tribe can accommodate the dynamics of indigenous peoples in
Indonesia, such as modernization, globalization, and changes that occur in daily life. By respecting and
developing the cultural values they uphold, indigenous peoples in Indonesia can maintain their cultural
identity and develop awareness of the cultural wealth that exists in Indonesia.
The customs held by the Samawa tribe include various aspects that become heritage and cultural
values that are upheld. Some examples of customs held by the Samawa tribe include:

1. Customary law: Samawa customary law is a bond between a man and a woman as husband
and wife for the purpose of having offspring and establishing the lineage of parents and
relatives.
2. Marriage ceremony: The Samawa traditional marriage ceremony is one example of an
interesting and unique custom. The marriage procession is performed with various traditional
weapons, such as bajajak, bakatoan, basaputis and nyorong.
3. Traditional clothing: Samawa traditional dress, such as lamung pene', gadu, tope belo, and
tope bene, is part of the interesting and unique diversity of culture and customs.
4. Traditional weapons: Samawa traditional weapons, such as bajajak, bakatoan, bakaputis, and
nyorong, are part of an interesting and unique cultural and traditional diversity.
5. Food specialties: Samawa specialties, such as Sepat, banana heart sauce, and Gecok, and
singang.

The customary law of the Samawa tribe is a way of life that serves as a legal basis in the daily life of
indigenous peoples in Indonesia. Some aspects of Samawa customary law include:

1. Customary law as the basis of law: The customary law of the Samawa tribe is a guide to life
that refers to the customs, customs and traditions upheld by the indigenous community. This
customary law can be applied in the legal system as a guideline for living in a multicultural
society in Indonesia.
2. Cultural identity: The customary law of the Samawa tribe can serve as a guideline for seeking
cultural identity and selfhood, which is a legacy from the old generation. The development of
modernization and globalization that affects the cultural values upheld in the Samawa tribe
must be adjusted to the guidelines of this customary law.
3. The role of customary law: The customary law of the Samawa tribe can serve as a guideline to
guarantee the interests of indigenous peoples in Indonesia. This customary law can
accommodate the dynamics of indigenous peoples in Indonesia, such as modernization,
globalization, and changes that occur in daily life.

Conclusion

The Samawa tribe is a group of people bound by ancestry, who originated from the migration of
neighboring islands such as Lombok, Bali, Java and Sulawesi.The Samawa tribe is a tribe that occupies
Sumbawa Island and has various interesting and unique traditions, cultures and customs. The
customary law of the Samawa tribe is a guideline of life that serves as the basis of law in the daily life
of indigenous peoples in Indonesia. It is a bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife for
the purpose of obtaining offspring and establishing the lineage of parents and relatives. This customary
law can be applied in the legal system as a guideline for living in a multicultural society in Indonesia.
The Samawa tribe has various customs such as Maen Jaran, Traditional Weapons, Nyorong, Karaci,
Barapan Kebo, and Customs. In guaranteeing the interests of indigenous peoples in Indonesia, Samawa
customary law can accommodate the dynamics of indigenous peoples in Indonesia, such as
modernization, globalization, and changes that occur in daily life. By respecting and developing the
cultural values upheld, indigenous peoples in Indonesia can maintain cultural identity and develop
awareness of the cultural wealth that exists in Indonesia.
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