HALABJA UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Measurement Of Size Of The Clay Bricks

NAME OF STUDENTS: Akam Muhammad Saeed

SUPERVISED BY: M.Masood

EXPERIMENTAL NO: 1

EXPERIMENTAL NAME: Measurements of the clay bricks

nd
CLASS: 1 stage
GROUP NO: 2

DATE OF TEST: 22/2/2024

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 29/2/2024
 Measurement of size of the clay bricks

Table of Contents

Table of Contents ................................................................................................ i

Introduction ........................................................................................................1
Objective (Aims of the test) ...............................................................................4
Apparatus ...........................................................................................................5
Materials .............................................................................................................6
Procedure............................................................................................................7
Calculation .........................................................................................................8
Discussion ....................................................................................................... ..9
Conclusion....................................................................................................... 11
References ....................................................................................................... 12
Appendix: Data sheet ......................................................................................... I

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 Measurement of size of the clay bricks

Introduction
A brick is a type of block used in masonry construction to
build walls, pavements and other elements. The word brick
correctly denotes a block made of dried clay, but is now often
used informally to describe other blocks of building that are
chemically cured. Using mortar, adhesives or by interlocking them, bricks may be united.
Bricks are made in different categories, forms, materials and sizes.
One of the oldest construction materials is Clay brick which has been used since the early
civilizations. It is a type of crystalline ceramic and is one of the most common building
materials found throughout the world. The characteristics of ancient clay brick masonry
are known to depend, in essence, on the characteristics of the brick units, which depend
on the nature of the raw materials used, along with the technology of the production
process. Therefore, the study of the development of clay brick and final properties is
important. Until the 21st century, numerous buildings constructed with clay bricks
existed, which testifies to the resilience of this material over centuries of rain storms,
snow, freezing cycles of thawing, high temperatures and degradation caused by humans.
Additionally, generated using a simple production process. It is based on fired clay, a raw
material that is available all over the World in large quantities. Its extensive use showed
that clay brick was an efficient building
material that could provide both resistance to
common climatic conditions and cold and
heat insulation.
Brick dimensions is one of the most crucial
parameters that need to be considered during the selection of bricks in order to ensure
they fit with the design layout. Brick selection is decided based on the certain application
in which the brick is used. Due to the fact that bricks are used in various constructions,

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 Measurement of size of the clay bricks
-+
different brick sizes are needed. All the same only bricks of one standard size shall be
used in one work unless specially permitted by the Client / Consultant.
First of all, before doing test on clay brick, it is necessary to confirm the first step of
the specification which contains checking the dimension of the clay brick. Therefore,
the tape should use for doing measurement in overall size as well as to obtain small
amount of error in each dimension.

The common size of the bricks is as follows according to different countries:

Specification:
According to IQ.S NO.25 in 1988 the tolerance in length and width of clay
brick is ±3%, and in height is ±4% .

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 Measurement of size of the clay bricks

So knowing about brick dimensional is one of the most important processes that helps
us, is this brick suitable for use in structure? This is because if the size of the standard in
the country is smaller or larger, it may cause a lot of problems and design problems in
the field of engineering. Because it would have to be a factor to give the building an
ugly an appearance. and the brick might be weak in terms of strength and resistance,
and it might disrupt the heat exchange and not give a proper balance, so the brick
would be brick-and-mortar. The domestic standard is given to the country. And the
brick standard was different from one country to another, for example in a country like
Iraq and the Kurdistan Region, these are the standard components.
(high= 75 mm, width = 115mm, length =240mm ) ,

- Standard dimensional of IQ

h = 75mm (2.95inch )
L = 240mm (9.45 inch)

W = 115mm (4.53 inch)

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 Measurement of size of the clay bricks

Objective (Aims of the Measurement of size of the clay bricks )

The main objectives of this test are as follows:

1. First of all, the dimensions of clay bricks must check and confirm the
specification limits.
2. Secondly, checking the brick dimensions which are suitable for using in
façade of the building.
3. Knowing about the dimensions of a bracket helps us to give a structured
and beautiful design to the structure and building.

4. Knowing about the dimensions of a brick helped us to understand the

concepts of the standard of one brick from one country to another, and to
understand the standards of the brick in Iraq.

5. It increases the ability to understand the dimensions of a brake and

how to deal with them.

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 Measurement of size of the clay bricks

Apparatus


rule to measurement sizes of clay bricks.


Calculator.


Pen.


Note book.

Sample of (clay brick).

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 Measurement of size of the clay bricks

Materials

One clay bricks

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 Measurement of size of the clay bricks

Procedure
At the beginning of this test Mr.Masood, gave us the enough instructions
about how to do that test. For each student one brick was prepared for
measuring height, width, and length.
1. At the first, Tebin started to measure the length, width, and height for
brick, four times by using the engineering ruler (30,60,30). And then he
took the average for each length, width, and height that the results were
very close to each other, with the Iraqi standards.

Formula:

La= (L1+L2+L3+L4) / 4 …………..(1-1)

Wa= (W1+W2+W3+W4) / 4 …………..(1-2)
Ha= (H1+H2+H3+H4) / 4 …………..(1-3)
Length tolerance % = [(La-240) / 240]*100 …………..(1-4)
Width tolerance % = [(Wa-115) / 115]*100 …………..(1-5)
Height tolerance % = [(Ha-75) / 75]*100 …………..(1-6)
Where:
La: is an average length of one clay bricks, mm.
Wa: is an average width of one clay bricks, mm.
Ha: is an average height of one clay bricks, mm.

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Calculation

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Discussion

This test in engineering is considered to be one of the easiest tests. But it is

one of the most important tests, because now, this test told us that this amount
has been developed on the basis of the country's standards!! Or different from
the dimensional.
Because, as we mentioned above, if the dimensions of the bricks are not
correct, our structure may cause some kind of design problems. Because at
that time it did not give our building a good look and design, so understanding
the purpose and concept of this test was very important.
In the first case, when we received the sample of the test, it was found that the
dimensions of the bricks were close to or equal to the Iraqi standard, where
the average length of the sides in the sample was equal to 2.965mm , and the
average width of the bricks was the same number, and the same number for
average high . It was equal to 2965mm. That is why we are told that the brick
has been developed and built on the national standard of iraq.

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 Measurement of size of the clay bricks

This means that we have found that these bricks are made on a national
standard, and can be used in the field of design and construction.

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Conclusion

As a result, it turns out that knowing about the dimensions and size of a brick
is a necessary step in the daily life of an engineer, because this engineering
test shows us whether the brick standard made in a factory is the same as the
standard brick and the country's standard.
Understanding this test is therefore very important and helps us in designing
and placing the bricks correctly, as well as raising our level of expertise and
understanding of the bricks diameters.

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References

sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/clay-brick
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/clay-
brick#:~:text=Clay%20bricks%20are%20simply%20produced,strength%20and%20dur
ability%20to%20increase.

wiki/Brick
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brick

Ancient_Clay_Bricks_Manufacture_and_Properties
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258419313_Ancient_Clay_Bricks_Manufact
ure_and_Properties

clay brick
https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/55615781.pdf

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Appendix: Data sheet

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