SHOULD

refers to the present / future time-context

unchanged in reported speech

I 1) obligation + , —, ? should do
(also advisability,
desirability, ? – asking for advice and pr., fu. time-context
recommendation) instructions
pa.-time context
(often coming (не)повинен (in reported speech)
from external (не) треба
authority or rule, (не) слід should be doing
appeals to reason маєш
and common належить pr. time-context
sense) (with dynamic verbs)

(usu. in vertical ‘+’ should have done

dialogue)
a desirable action/obligation
was not carried out in the past
often expresses
reprimand, scolding, telling-off ‘—’ should not have done
from
a higher standing person
an undesirable action/
obligation
was fulfilled in the past

І 2) supposition, + should + Ind., Cont. Inf.

implying strong
І probability ймовірно pr., fu. time-context
(weaker than напевно
MUST) мабуть should + Perf., Perf.Cont. Inf.

(describes the pa. time-context

situation as
expected,
sometimes as
predicted)

SHALL

Historically they were 2 forms of the same verb:

 Shall → Present;
Should → Past.
Now they are treated as two different verbs.

I 1) obligation in the with 2nd, 3d person structurally dependent usage

future (in certain subordinate clauses)
(with the shade of x spoken ↓
enforcement)  archaic, formal style It has been decided that the proposal
shall not be opposed.

обов'язково

2)promise, threat, +, — shall + Ind.Inf.

warning with 2nd, 3d person ↓
You shall have my answer tomorrow.
He shall do as I say.

3) to ask after the ? shall + Ind.Inf.

will of the person with 1st, 3d person ↓
addressed Shall I get you some fresh coffee,
Miss Fleur?
Who shall answer the telephone,
Major?

OUGHT TO

Ought smb to do smth?

Smb ought not / oughtn’t to do smth

I 1) obligation + , —, ? ought to do
(also advisability, ↓
desirability) uncommon pr., fu. time-context
(often of moral (should instead)
character); pa.-time context
advice which holds (не)повинен (in reported speech)
truth universally (не) треба
and is most не слід ought to be doing
sensible
pr. time-context
(with dynamic verbs)

‘+’ ought to have done

non-performance in the past

‘—’ oughtn’t to have done

an undesirable action
was fulfilled

І 2) supposition, + uncommon ought to + Ind., Cont. Inf.

implying strong ↓
І probability must pr., fu.-time-context
(often a logical ймовірно
inference following напевно ought to + Perf., Perf.Cont. Inf.
from the nature of мабуть
things) pa. time-context

You /She / He ought to know (it).

You ought to know better than that. (Потрібно бути розумнішим).

You ought to be ashamed of yourself.

MUST // MUST NOT – MUSTN’T

I 1) obligation +,? must + Ind.Inf.
(also duty, повинен
necessity) pr., fu. time-context REAL
(from the speaker’s
viewpoint) must + Ind.Inf.

in pa. time-context pa. time-context REAL

↓ (ONLY in reported speech)
had to do
2)prohibition - mustn’t + Ind.Inf.
не можна
не повинен pr., fu. time-context REAL
заборонено

3) emphatic advice +, — must + Ind.Inf.

обов'язково pr., fu. time-context REAL

будь ласка

І 4) supposition, + only must + Cont. Inf.

implying strong
І probability ймовірно pr. time-context
напевно (with dynamic verbs)
мабуть
must + Ind. Inf.

for FUTURE-time context pr. time-context

MUST (with stative verbs)
(with dynamic verbs → ! obligation)
↓
+
must + Perf., Perf.Cont.Inf.
probably
evidently + Fu.Ind.
pa. time-context
obviously
—
mis-
un-
never
no one
etc.