DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING B.TECH.

1ST YEAR (COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) LAB MANUAL

UNITED INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LAB MANUAL

EXPERIMENT No: 5
MEASUREMENT OF POWER AND POWER FACTIOR BY TWO WATTMETER
METHOD

1.1 Objective 1.2 Apparatus required 1.3 Theory 1.4 Connection Diagram 1.5 Observation table 1.6
Calculation 1.7 Result 1.8 Discussion 1.9 Precautions 1.10 Pre-Requisites 1.11 Post- Requisites

1.1 OBJECTIVE:. MEASUREMENT OF POWER IN 3-PHASE CIRCUIT BY TWO

WATTMETER METHOD AND DETERMINATION OF ITS POWER FACTOR FOR STAR
AS WELL AS DELTA CONNECTED LOAD.

1.2 APPARATUS REQUIRED:

Sl. No. Equipment Type Specification Quantity

1. Wattmeter Dynamometer 5/10A, 150/300/600 V 2

2. Ammeter Moving iron 0-5-10 A, AC 1
3. Voltmeter Moving iron 0-300-600 V, AC 1
4. Balanced Load, 3-Phase Resistive 2Kw, 415 V in Steps of 1
200 Watts
5. Balanced load, 3-phase Inductive 2K VAR, 415 V, 2.75 1
A, 3-phase Variable

1.3 THEORY: Power consumed by a 3-phase balanced or unbalanced load (star/delta connected)
can be measured by using 2-wattmeters properly connected in the circuit. The current coil of the
wattmeter are connected in series with the load in any two line. Whereas the pressure coils are connected
between these two lines and the third line. The phasor diagram of this circuit assuming balanced lagging
load has been shown in the figure. Under running conditions the power consumed by the three phase
system is the sum of the two individual wattmeters.
Mathematically, the total power consumed,

Where,
Power consumed by wattmeter1 (W1) =
Power consumed by wattmeter 2 (W2) =

When the load power factor is less then 0.5 then wattmeter 2 will show the correct deflection and first
wattmeter will show the reverse deflection. In the first wattmeter the current coil or voltage coil

BEE-151/251 BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LAB

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING B.TECH. 1ST YEAR (COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) LAB MANUAL

connection is reversed. Thus the wattmeter pointer direction is corrected. The net power is obtained by
adding the two wattmeter readings.
Power angle is given by:

Then the power factor of the load can be calculated as:

1.4 CONNECTION DIAGRAM:

1.5 OBSERVATION TABLE: (To be prepared separately for star & delta connected load)

Sl. No. Voltage Current Power Power W2 Total Power Power

VL(volts) IL(amp) W1(Watts) (Watts) P=W1+W2 Factor=cosØ
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

1.6 CALCULATION:

1.7 RESULT:
1. Net power consumed, P = ___________Watts.
2 Power Factor = _____________________

1.8 DISCUSSION:

1.9 PRECAUTION :
1. All connections should be tight.
2. All apparatus should be of suitable range and ratings.
3. Readings should be taken carefully.
4. Never touch the live wires during the experiments.

1.10 PRE-REQUISITES:
Q1. What is the expression of three phase power?
Q2. How many wattmeters are needed in this process of power measurement?

1.11 POST-REQUISITES:
Q1. How is wattmeter connected in the circuit?
Q2. How two wattmeter method is superior than other measuring methods?

BEE-151/251 BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LAB