ART APPRECIATION MIDTERMS

Lesson 1 ART IS AN EXPRESSION OF FEELINGS

HUMANUS
- human HAPINESS AND HOPE
- cultured - mirrors the souls of those willing to confront
- refined - echo hopes and anxiety

Human - 3 SOULS (PLATO) IDENTIFYING AND UNDERSTANDING THE

1. Appetitive - biological needs SELF
Humans are insatiable (unsatisfied) - tool to communicate.
- grow and develop towards
perfection GRIEF AND HEALING
(standard of culture and society) - express pain and process in therapy

2. Spirited - feelings emotions Diaspora - removing from your comfort zone

3. Rational - reasoning REMEMBERING AND MARK-MAKING

- tangible characteristics of art
HUMANITIES - branches of knowledge that
focus on different human opinions and Complete Noun - tangible (things)
relationships. Abstract Noun - intangible (emotions)

INDIVIDUAL -what makes you different to others RAISING AWARENESS

- social concerned
PART OF SOCIETY - group of people sharing - raise awareness
the same culture (expectations and standards)
CULTURE AND TOGETHERNESS
CULTURE - way of living - bring identity to a certain region

HUMANITIES - how you behave and treats Lesson 2

people
ARTS "artis"
- use of human creative skills
- thing we need to express ourselves
- provides beauty and pleasure
Art Appreciation - knowing what is natural and
man-made art
ATOM - building blocks of things
ELEMENTS - building blocks of Art
COLORS
- gives meaning, value, intensity and saturation
- quality of an object
- reflection of light

BEAUTY - common denominator in appreciating Isaac Newton - book of "Opticks" (1704)

arts "light is the existence of all colors"
RELATIVE BEAUTY "it is not colorless" (reflected by prism)
- in the eye of the beholder
- own opinion PHYSICS - they are not colors (white and black)
- subjective
- individual VALUE SCALE
- specific White - existence of light
- building own rationality Black- absence of light
Tint - lighter
OBSOLUTE Shade - darker
- in the thing itself
- virtue of itself ART - white and black are colors
- objective
- consider society CLASSIFICATION OF COLORS
- general -use to create other colors
 MEDIUM- used to create artwork (material)
Primary - Red, Blue, Yellow (pure pigments) Painting - canvas, paint
Color Psychology - how you identify colors and Sculpture - stone, hammer
use colors Dance - movement, music
Secondary - combination of primary colors Drawing - pencil, paper
Intermediate - mix of primary and secondary Textile - cloth, thread
Tertiary - combination of secondary colors Music - lyrics, sound
Poetry - lines, emotions
Color Harmony - understanding in geometric Photography - camera, view
relationship Film - people, cellphone

Achromatic - black to white Rhythm

Monochromatic - use of one color - pattern, arrangement of lines, color, and
Analogous- use of color wheel (magkatabing connection
kulay) Style
Complementary - the color in front (aligned) - expressing and training of artist outlook in life
Split - Complementary - split 2 colors infront Structure
Triad - equal spaces in color wheel (PH FHAG) - formula of the artist surface and quality of
objects
PROPERTIES OF COLOR
Hue PRINCIPLES OF ART
- identity of color 1.Emphasis - developing points of interest
- not color (part of color) 2. Balance - sense of stability
Saturation 3. Harmony - uncomplicated look, using similar
- brightness and dullness elements
- intensity 4. Variety - differences in the work
Value 5. Movement - adds excitement to the work
- lightness and darkness 6. Rhythm - type of movement in drawing or
painting
LINES 7. Proportion/Scale - relationship of the size
- one or two dimensional seen
- oldest, simplest, universal element 8. Unity - parts are equal or a whole

DIRECTION OF LINES Lesson 3

Vertical
- basic framework of all forms (stability) STYLE
-height - mood and temper of the artwork
- determined by history (time and place)
Horizontal - gives identity
- width - personality of the artist and the theory of art
- impression of serenity (rest)
CLASSICAL ART
Diagonal - focus on perfection and harmony
- feeling of movement unstable - focuses on ideal beauty (standard beauty)
MODERN ART - traditional perspective of art,
Jog Lines more than perfection and harmony
- combination of different lines (violence) POST-MODERN ART - liberated and free

Curve Lines CLASSICAL ART - perfection and harmony

- gradual change of direction (subtle form)
- convey energy movement 1. CLASSICISM
- style found in Ancient Greek and Roman
SHAPE Sculptures
- enclosed space defined by other elements - imitation of beauty and perfection of the
- 2D or 3D human body
-Praxiteles, Polycritus and Myron
"The smaller the genital the more intelligent" - exaggeration
- elongated figures (face, fingers)
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNS -pillars (columns Mannerist paintings - El Greco or Dominikos
of buildings) Theotokopolus

3 Greek Orders 5. BAROQUE

1. Doric - sharp edge - presented in a high realistic way
2. Ionic - spiral shape - imperfect and irregular
3. Corinthian - leaf like - pearls are irregular in shape and size
- daily life
2 Roman Orders - emphasize realism
1. Tuscan - plain -curve lines
2. Composite - combination of 3 greek orders
6. NEOCLASSICISM
2. MEDIEVAL - new classicism
- has religious subjects (catholicism) - revival of renaissance
- flat projection (2D) - european and western culture
- stained glasses - spanish colonization
- church is the patron of art
MODERN ART - beats the traditional way
FOUR EVANGELIST - luke, matthew, john and
mark 7. IMPRESSIONISM
- beginning of Modern Art
3. RENAISSANCE -light and pale
- "rebirth" - revival of classicism - everyday life
- perfection and harmony with REALISM and - curve (diagonal)
HUMANISM - impression of arts
- revival of Ancient Greek and Roman Art - energetic (active)

Realism - not exaggerated and it focuses on 8. EXPRESSIONISM

real things - emotions and feelings
Humanism - focus on collective thoughts and - expression towards the subject
the mystery of human beings - dark colors
ex. Vincent Van Gogh "Starry Night"
Leonardo Da Vinci - beauty must be
proportional 9. FAUVISM
- "fauve" in french means beast
Chiaroscuro - use of dark pigments - unnatural colors
- strong contrasts between light and dark to - red, yellow range blue, green (bright colors)
create an illusion of depth and three- - exaggerated
dimensionality
Sfumato - triangular composition (the middle is 10. POINTILLISM
the most significant) - use of points or dots
- hazy or smoky effect used in Mona Lisa - the more points = the clearer
painting.
11. ART NOUVEAU
Michaelangelo - poster-like paintings
- ceiling painting (inspired by him) [Ninja Turtle] - linear composition
- La Pieta - flat projection
- painter, sculptor - woman in sensual posture
- advertisement
4. MANNERISM
- artificiality of image 12. SURREALISM
- alternative style to Renaissance - impossible to be real
- usually religious subjects - product of dreams, imagination and fantasy
- serpentine figures (snake)
13. CUBISM - use of nature in creative art (plants, stones,
- close to abstract view itself)
- use of geometrical shapes
- flat projection (2d) EVOLUTION OF ARTISTIC STYLES
- non-objective painting Anything more to art - anything can be an art
ADDITIONAL INFOS
14. CONCRETISM 1. Red: symbolizes passion, love, danger, and
- rectilinear shapes, primary colors anger. It is often used to grab attention and
- lines and colors (straight lines and primary create a sense of urgency. INTENSE
colors) EMOTIONS
2. Blue: symbolizes calmness, trust, wisdom,
15. SUPREMATISM and stability. It is often used to convey a sense
- non- objective of professionalism and reliability.
- use of different shapes and colors 3. Yellow: symbolizes happiness, optimism, and
- started the calling "painting" energy. It is often used to grab attention and
convey a sense of playfulness. REPRESENTS
16. DADAISM LIGHT
- destroy original art to create another art 4. Violet: symbolizes creativity, luxury, and
- anti-art movement spirituality. It is often used in high-end branding
- purpose to "shock" by "destroying" seeks to and marketing.
"destroy traditions 5. Green: symbolizes growth, nature, and
- "baby talk" "vandalism" health. It is often used to convey a sense of
freshness and eco-friendliness.
17. READY-MADE ART 6. Orange: symbolizes excitement, enthusiasm,
- destroy its purpose to turn it into an art and warmth. It is often used to create a sense of
Institutional Theory - anything can be an art urgency and encourage action.
7. Brown: symbolizes stability, reliability, and
18. ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM warmth. It is often used in branding and
- most expensive marketing for products and services related to
- non-objective purely use of freedom the outdoors, nature, and earthiness.
- unique (freedom to interpret and understand) 8. Black: symbolizes power, sophistication, and
- subjective elegance. It is often used in high-end branding
and marketing to convey a sense of luxury and
19. COLOR FIELD PAINTING exclusivity.
- colors on a flat surface 9. White: symbolizes purity, simplicity, and
- (Action Painting Mass) (colors painted plainly in cleanliness. It is often used in branding and
flat) marketing to convey a sense of minimalism and
sophistication.
20. POP ART
- popular art 1. FERNANDO AMORSOLO (National Artist
- art and use for the mass products and Award 1972)
commercials - May 30, 1892, in Paco, Manila
- known for his realistic and romanticized
21. OP ART paintings of rural life and landscapes.
- optical art - "The Rice Planters," "Planting Rice," “Under
- illusions the Mango Tree”, “The Palay Maiden”and
-playing with your minds "Sunday Morning Going to Town."
- the portrait of Jose Rizal.
POST-MODERN ART - more liberated - backlighting

22. INSTALLATION ART 2. JUAN LUNA National Artist Award in 1972)

- exhibition space transformed into a work of art
-installing object
23. ENVIRONMENTAL ART OR EARTHWORK
- use of natural environment as medium
- October 23, 1857, in Badoc, Ilocos Norte.
- known for his large-scale historical paintings
and portraits.
- depictions of Philippine history and mythology,
often using his works to comment on social and
political issues of his time.
- "The Spoliarium" (Largest painting in the
Philippines) depicts Roman gladiators in a
dungeon, and "The Battle of Lepanto," depicts
the victorious battle of the Christian fleet against
the Ottoman Empire.
- the portrait of Marcelo H. del Pilar.
- Hymen Oh Hymenee
3. BENEDICTO CABRERA (BENCAB)
National Artist Award 2006 Benedicto
Cabrera, also known as BenCab,
- April 10, 1942, in Manila.
- known for his unique style of blending
traditional Filipino imagery
- extensive use of the indigenous motifs and
symbols from the Cordillera region of the
Philippines
- "Larawan" depicts traditional Filipino women in
various stages of life, and "Sabel," inspired by a
homeless woman whom Cabrera encountered in
the streets of Manila.
- BenCab Museum in Baguio City.
4. ANITA MAGSAYSAY-HO (National Artist
Award 1999)
- May 25, 1914, in Manila.
- known for her depictions of Filipino women.
- emphasized the use of color, texture, and
movement to create dynamic and expressive
paintings.
- known for her depictions of Filipino women,
often portraying them in everyday situations and
celebrations.
- "Market Scene," depicts a bustling market in
the Philippines, and "Dance”, depicts a group of
women dancing.
5. ANG KIUKOK (National Artist Award 2001)
- March 1, 1931, in Davao City.
- known for his expressionist style and use of
bold colors.
- exploration of the human condition, particularly
the social and political issues of his time.
- depictions of poverty, violence, and human
suffering, often using distorted and exaggerated
forms to convey his message.
- “Man and Beast”, depict the human form and
animals in a brutal and violent manner, and
"Crucifixion", depict the suffering and sacrifice of
Christ using vivid colors and distorted forms.
- the highest recognition given to artists in the
Philippines.
6. CARLOS “BOTONG” FRANCISCO
(National Artist Award 1973)
- November 4, 1912, in Manila.
- muralists and a pioneer of modernist painting
- depicting traditional Filipino themes and
stories, large-scale murals, which often depicted
scenes from Philippine history and mythology.
- murals in the Chapel of the Holy Sacrifice at
the University of the Philippines, depict the life of
Christ using Filipino imagery and symbols,
murals in the lobby of the Philippine General
Hospital, depict the history of medicine in the
Philippines.
7. JOSE JOYA (National Artist Award 2003)
- Prophet Avatar of Expressionism
- June 3, 1931, in Manila
- modernist and a pioneer of abstract painting
- include his experimentation with abstract
expressionism, a style that emphasizes the
physical act of painting and the use of color and
form to convey emotions and ideas
- incorporated traditional Filipino motifs and
symbols into his works, creating a unique fusion
of modern and indigenous art.
- "Space Transfiguration," depict abstract
landscapes and the interplay of light and color,
“Halo," explore the relationship between the
natural and the spiritual worlds.
8. VICENTE MANANSALA (National Artist
Award in 1981)
- January 22, 1910, in Macabebe, Pampanga
- modernist painters and use cubism
- depict Philippine life and culture.
- combined cubist techniques with traditional
Filipino subjects
- use of bright colors, bold lines, and fragmented
forms to create dynamic and expressive
paintings.
- "Barong-Barong," depicts the shanty houses in
the Philippines, and "Madonna of the Slums,"
depicts a mother and child in a poor
neighborhood.
- mural in the lobby of the Philippine Heart
Center.
9. HERNANDO OCAMPO (National Artist
Award in 1991)
- April 28, 1911, in Sta. Cruz, Manila
- pioneers of Philippine modern art and abstract
expressionist paintings.
- part of the Thirteen Moderns, a group of artists
who sought to break away from the traditional
style of Philippine art
- founding member of the Philippine Art Gallery, Most Largest Painting – Spoliarium (Juan Luna)
which aimed to promote modern art in the Most Expensive Painting – Space
country. Transfiguration (Jose Joya)
- use of vibrant colors and bold brush strokes to
create abstract compositions. - inspired by
Filipino culture and mythology, as well as
international art movements such as cubism and
surrealism.
- "Genesis," "The Builders," and "The
Crucifixion."

10.FELIX HIDALGO (National Artist Award in

1973)
- born on February 21, 1855, in Binondo, Manila
- realistic and romanticized paintings.
- development of a style that combined
European techniques with traditional Filipino
subjects
- known for his attention to detail and ability to
capture the beauty of the Philippine countryside
and its people.
- "La Banca," depicts a boat ride on the Pasig
River, and "Las Virgenes Cristianas Expuestas
al Populacho," depicts the martyrdom of
Christian virgins in ancient Rome.
- the portrait of Jose Rizal that appears on
Philippine currency.

11. NAPOLEON ABUEVA (National Artist

Award in 1976)
- born on January 26, 1930, in Tagbilaran, Bohol
- sculptors, modernist sculptures.
- development of a style that combined
traditional Filipino themes with modernist
techniques
- use of various materials, such as wood, stone,
and metal, to create sculptures that depicted
Philippine life and culture.
- "Nine Muses" sculpture at the UP Diliman
campus, the "Sunburst" sculpture at the
Philippine International Convention Center, and
the "Kiss of Judas" sculpture at the National
Cathedral in Washington, DC.