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Excel 2022 The Most Updated Bible To Master Microsoft Excel From Scratch in Less Than 7 Minutes A Da
Excel 2022 The Most Updated Bible To Master Microsoft Excel From Scratch in Less Than 7 Minutes A Da
By
LEONARD J. LEDGER
© Copyright 2022 by LEONARD J. LEDGER - All rights reserved.
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Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1 Introduction to Microsoft Excel
1.1 What is Microsoft Excel?
1.2 Brief History of Microsoft Excel
1.3 What is the point of using and learning Excel?
1.4 Examples of How to Use Excel
1.5 Where can You get an Excel download?
Chapter 2: Microsoft Excel
2.1 Download Microsoft Excel
2.2 Different Ways to Download Excel
2.3 Why should you buy Excel?
2.4 Extensions of Excel
Chapter 3: Excel Interface
3.1 Excel Tabs
Chapter 4: Excel Formulas
4.1 What is Excel Formula?
4.2 In Microsoft Excel, How to Insert Formulas:
4.3 How to Use the Most Common Formulas in Microsoft Excel
Chapter 5: Excel for Beginners
5.1 Adding frequently used tasks to the toolbar for convenient access
5.2 Data filtering
5.3 Incorporating dynamic headers and footers
5.4 Defining print regions
5.5 Paste the special options
5.6 Hide detailed data by grouping and ungrouping columns.
5.7 Keep the papers and workbook safe.
5.8 Look for precedents and dependent formulations.
5.9 Validation of data in cell drop-down menus
5.10 Text-to-column
5.11 Creating simple graphs
Chapter 6: Excel for Medium Level Users
6.1 Intermediate skills
6.2 Excel Keyboard Shortcuts
6.3 Excel Tricks
Chapter 7: Excel for Advanced Users
7.1 Advance Excel Formula and Functions
Chapter 8: Tables in Microsoft Excel
8.1 What are Excel Tables
8.2 How to create a table in Microsoft Excel
8.3 What is the benefit of using an Excel table?
8.4 Features of Excel Table
Chapter 9: Excel Charts
9.1 What are Excel Charts
9.2 Types of Charts and its Use
9.3 Use of Different Excel Charts
9.4 Creating Charts in Excel
Chapter 10: Analyze Data with Excel
10.1 In Excel, How Do You Do Data Analysis
10.2 How Should the Data Analysis Process Be Conducted
10.3 Importance of Data Analysis in Your Business
10.4 The Data Analysis Functions You Should Be Aware Of
Chapter 11: Mistakes in Microsoft Excel
Chapter 12: Excel and Daily Life
12.1 Keeping Costs Under Control
12.2 Consolidates Data into a Single Place
12.3 Access to Information Through The Internet
12.4 It Makes Data Display More Illuminating
12.5 Security
12.6 Formulate Your Thoughts in Mathematical Terms
12.7 Recovering Information from Spreadsheets and Databases
12.8 Make Your Job More Convenient
12.9 There has been an improvement in time management.
12.10 Take a thorough examination of the facts
12.11 Calculations that are both quicker and more accurate
12.12 Improvements in one's ability to analyze information
12.13 Techniques and principles for data visualization
Chapter 13: Business and Microsoft Excel
13.1 Business Analysis
13.2 People Management
13.3 Managing Operations
13.4 Performance Reporting
13.5 Office Administration
13.6 Strategic Analysis
13.7 Project Management
13.8 Managing Programs
13.9 Contract Administration
13.10 Accounts Management
13.11 Analysis Of Data
13.12 Distribution and Visualization of Information
13.13 Projections and Forecasting
13.14 Data Entry Storage
Conclusion
Introduction
Excel is a spreadsheet-based software tool developed by Microsoft that
employs formulae and functions to organize numbers and data.
Organizations of all sizes use Excel analysis all around the globe to
undertake financial analysis. Excel is often used for data organization and
financial analysis. It is utilized in all business operations and by businesses
of all sizes.
Data input, accounting, programming, data management, financial analysis,
charting and graphing, task management, time management, and financial
modeling are some of the most common applications of Excel. Customer
relationship management (CRM) and virtually everything else that requires
organization! Excel is widely used in the finance and accounting fields. In
reality, many businesses depend only on Excel spreadsheets for their
budgeting, forecasting, and accounting needs. While Excel is a "data"
management tool, the most frequent data handling is financial data.
The classic software 80/20 rule, which states that only 20% of a program's
users utilize 20% of its capabilities, does not apply to Microsoft Excel.
Instead, this software likely follows what's known as the 95/5 rule. Ninety-
five percent of Excel users only utilize 5 percent of the program's
capabilities. On the other hand, most individuals are aware that they could
get more out of Excel if they could only learn how to create formulae and
use functions.
Unfortunately, since it is cloaked in the intricacies of mathematics, money,
and dense spreadsheet language, this aspect of Excel seems complicated
and daunting to the untrained.
There are a variety of tasks that most people do casually rather than using
simplistic software that provides concrete shapes that we do in our daily
lives that include the use of Excel, such as measuring monthly budgets,
budgeting & target setting, students tacking their syllabus, and a variety of
other tasks that most people do in a casual manner rather than using
simplistic software that provides concrete shapes.
Microsoft Excel is used to make computations, analyses, and visualizations
of data and information in daily life. Microsoft Excel is critical for
organizing information and data incorporate systems and processes using
columns and rows of calculations. This book not only walks you through
Excel's intermediate and advanced formula-building tools but also explains
why they're valuable and teaches you how to use them in real-world
scenarios and models. This book does all of this with straightforward, step-
by-step lessons and many practical, helpful examples geared squarely at
business users.
Even if you've never been able to get Excel to perform much more than
save data and add a few numbers, you'll like this book.
Chapter 1 Introduction to Microsoft Excel
1.1 What is Microsoft Excel?
Excel is a Microsoft Office tool that many people are already acquainted
with. Because of the spreadsheet structure of the program, it has a broad
range of applications. Organization, calculation, and data storage are
possible with various data types for future use. This interface enables you to
arrange nearly any form of data you can think of using the Excel grid
interface. When it comes to data organization, Excel's strength is in its
ability to customize the style and structure of the data in any way you see
suitable. Microsoft Excel is the most widely used spreadsheet program on
the planet. Microsoft Excel spreadsheets enable you to deal with tables of
numerical data structured in columns and rows, which can be updated using
a broad variety of arithmetic operations and mathematical functions. Excel
allows you to do basic calculations, utilize graphing tools, and create pivot
tables, macros, and a variety of other helpful features and functions. They
may also display data graphs, such as bar charts, histograms, and line
graphs, in addition to textual information. Several operating platforms are
supported by Microsoft Excel, including Mac OS X and iOS and Android,
Windows, and Windows Phone. Organizing and managing data is made
simpler by spreadsheet applications
such as Microsoft Excel, which employ rows and columns to organize and
manipulate data. Numbers are used to representing spreadsheet rows, while
alphabets are used to represent column headings in spreadsheets. To
program with Excel, you may utilize Visual Basic for Applications (VBA),
and you can access data from other sources by using DDE (Microsoft's
Dynamic Data Exchange).
1.2 Brief History of Microsoft Excel
The initial version of Microsoft Excel for Macintosh systems was released
in 1987, while the first version of Microsoft Excel for Windows systems
was published in 1987. The following table lists the Excel for Windows
versions and features that have been released thus far.
Excel 1.0 was published in 1985, and it is the only version of the
program that has been released on the Macintosh.
Excel 2.0 was the first Windows version to be launched in 1987, and it is
still in use today.
Excel 3.0 was introduced in 1990, and it contained features such as a
toolbar, drawing capabilities, and outlining. • Excel 3.0 is still in use
today.
Excel 4.0, introduced in 1992, had many new capabilities.
Excel 5.0 was debuted in 1993 and was included with Microsoft Office
4.0. The most notable feature featured in this version was the ability to
create multi-sheet workbooks as well as support for Visual Basic for
Applications (VBA).
Microsoft Excel 7.0 was introduced in 1995 as part of the Microsoft
Office suite. This version had a few modifications, but it was much
quicker and more reliable than its predecessor, Excel 5.0.
Excel 8.0 was published in 1997 and was included in the Microsoft
Office suite. The most significant new feature in this edition was the
addition of official aid and validation.
Excel 9.0 was introduced in 2000 as part of Microsoft Office 2000, and it
included a function that allowed users to self-repair documents.
Excel 10.0 was published in 2002 as part of Microsoft Office XP and
was the first version of the spreadsheet program. The key feature that
stood out in this version was discovering any errors in formulas and
restoring spreadsheets if Excel crashed.
Microsoft Excel 11.0, sometimes known as Excel 2003, was launched in
2003 as part of the Microsoft Office 2003 suite. The most significant
new feature offered in this version was increased support for XML
documents and schemas.
The year 2007 saw the introduction of Microsoft Excel 2007. The ribbon
system, which was introduced in Microsoft Excel 2007, was the most
prominent element of the program.
Excel 14.0, which was released in 2010, had significant changes. The
incorporation of new visual designs, enhancements to a pivot table, and
several other enhancements were among the new features in this version
of Microsoft Excel among them.
In 2015, Microsoft Excel 15.0, also known as Microsoft Excel 2015, was
made available. Microsoft added more than 50 new features to this
edition of the software.
The year 2016 saw the introduction of Excel 2016. The histogram was a
new feature introduced in this edition and a slew of other enhancements.
Microsoft Excel that was introduced in 2018 with the inclusion of new
charts, known as Excel 16.0 or Excel 2019.
Excel 2020, which includes new features and improvements, was
launched in 2020.
It will open a window with a left pane. This pane has a large number of
choices. Take a look at the image below.
As illustrated below, choose the Save As option.
We've chosen the Desktop as the location for storing this file.
Fill in the file name for the workbook in the File name area.
Excel 2022 is a spreadsheet program for Microsoft Office that allows you to
store, organize, and analyze data. If you believe that specialists exclusively
use Excel to do complicated tasks, you are mistaken! In truth, anybody can
use all of Excel's features to their maximum potential to solve issues.
The Start screen shows when you launch Excel for the first time. You may
start a new workbook, choose a template, or access one of the previous
workbooks from this menu.
To view the MS Excel interface, locate and launch Blank Workbook on the
home screen. Microsoft Excel's interface will appear in front of you.
Home
The most often used commands, such as copying and pasting, finding and
replacing, sorting, filtering, and formatting your data, are all found on this
tab.
Excel's default interface is the home tab. There are various ribbons in it,
including Copy (Ctrl+C), cut (Ctrl+X), and paste (Ctrl+V), which are all
available from the clipboard. In addition, the format painter allows us to
format a full chart, dataset, or another object with only two clicks. As the
name indicates, the clipboard functions similarly to a text document (white
or blackboard), with everything you copy, cut, or format artistically being
temporarily put there (as a backup) until you paste it where you desire.
That's why you can copy and paste from one workbook to another (even if
the workbook is closed), or from one page to another, or from Excel to
Word or PowerPoint and vice versa.
The font ribbon offers font tools such as font name and size. Allows you to
use "Bold, Italics, or Underline" on your text. You may also choose a
different font color and a different fill color. The font color is set to black by
default, but you can alter it to red or green using Excel. The fill color is the
same as the color of the cell where the data is written.
Alignment: The alignment ribbon, as the name suggests, provides choices
for aligning our words and numbers to the left, right, center, up, or down.
We may utilize orientation to tilt our text diagonally or vertically if our
columns are extremely small and the column title is longer than the column
width. The 'Wrap Text' and 'Merge & Center' options are also available.
Later in the series, we'll explore how they work in practice.
Formatting choices for numerical and non-numerical figures are available
on the Number ribbon. We have alternatives like Text, Number, Currency,
Time, Accounting, Short & Long Date, Percentage, Fraction, and Scientific
in addition to the default format of General. We also have a specific format
for numbers that need to be formatted further. It implies that when you
format '345' as Currency, the Naira sign (or any other international
currency) should display in the front. And if you format 0.23 as a
percentage, it becomes 23%. The decimal place in integers may be
increased or decreased.
Styles: We may discover options in this ribbon that help us format our
writings with criteria. For example, we may style our worksheet such that
any values larger than fifty are colored in any color of our choosing.
Alternatively, a cell should contain a green arrow indicating profit and a
brown arrow indicating loss. Instead of an array of data, we may format our
dataset as a table. Ctrl+T is a keyboard shortcut for formatting as a table.
Colors, italics, headers, and other formatting options are available for our
cells.
Cell: The cell ribbon provides choices like Insert (a new cell in between
existing cells), Delete (which eliminates the highlighted cell(s), and Format
(which allows users to adjust the row or column height or width of cells).
Editing: The Editing ribbon has rapid arithmetic functions like AutoSum,
which adds (sums) all the integers in a row or column. To erase all the
values that have been chosen, click Clear. Sorting and filtering and Find
(Ctrl+F) and Replace (Ctrl+H) are options.
Commands
Page Layout
This tab is used to set up pages and print them. It controls the worksheet's
layout, margins, alignment, and print area.
Formulas
This tab allows you to enter functions name variables and change the values
of calculation parameters. It is in charge of the computation choices.
Data
This tab includes controls for manipulating worksheet data and connecting
to other data sources. It has features for sorting, filtering, and modifying
data.
Review
This tab mainly provides capabilities for verifying spells, documenting
changes, making notes and comments, sharing, and safeguarding
worksheets in Excel workbooks.
View
Switch between worksheets, see excel worksheets, freeze panes, organize
and manage numerous windows are all available from the View tab.
Help
This function is only available in Microsoft Excel 2019 and 365. This tab
opens the Help Task Pane, which allows you to rapidly contact Microsoft
Support, provide feedback, and watch training videos. In the Excel Ribbon,
one extra tab is not accessible by default. The developer is the term for this.
The
developer tab may be accessed by selecting the File tab, then heading to
Options, selecting "Customized Ribbon," selecting the developer option,
ticking the box, and clicking OK.
Chapter 4: Excel Formulas
For most marketers, trying to organize and analyze spreadsheets in MS
Excel will seem like hitting a brick wall. As you physically recreate
columns and scrawl long-form math on a sheet of paper, you think to
yourself, "There has to be a simpler way to do this."
In this way, Microsoft Excel may be picky. On the one hand, it's an
excellent tool for analyzing and tracking marketing outcomes. On the other
side, if you don't have the correct experience, it's easy to come across as
working against you. For example, Microsoft Excel will run approximately
a dozen important formulae for you, saving you from having to trawl
through thousands of cells on your desk.
The more you utilize Microsoft Excel formulae, the quicker you'll be able to
remember and execute them by hand. Nonetheless, you may use the
symbols above as a reference
guide for formulae that you can search and return to as your spreadsheet
abilities grow.
In Microsoft Excel, formulas are sometimes known as "functions." To add
one to your spreadsheet, pick a cell where a formula is needed and tap the
"Insert Function" button on the far left to search for basic formulae and
functions. The browser window would look like this:
As seen in the window above, click "Insert Function" until you find a
formula that works for you.
To insert the formula by Simple Method
To input, a formula, follow the steps below.
1. Begin by selecting a cell to work with.
2. To notify Excel you wish to enter a formula, use the equal sign (=).
3. As an example, type the formula A1+A2.
4. Change the value of cell A1 to 3.
5. Excel updates the value of column A3 automatically.
To Change a Formula
When you click a cell in Excel, the value or formula of that cell appears in
the formula bar.
1. Click on the formula bar and make the required modifications to update a
formula.
2. Press the Enter key on your keyboard.
Priority of Operator
The default order in which Excel calculations are conducted is configured.
It will be calculated first if a piece of the formula is included in parentheses.
After that, it does multiplication and division calculations. Excel will add
and subtract the remainder of your calculation for you when you're finished.
Take a look at the example on the right.
To begin, Excel multiplies the values (A1 * A2). Excel then adds the value
of column A3 to this result.
2a. Right-click cell A4, then choose Copy and Paste from the 'Paste Options
menu.
2b. you may drag the formula to cell B4 and drop it there. Cell A4 is
chosen, and its bottom right corner is clicked and dragged to cell B4. It's a
lot less work and yields the same result!
2. From the drop-down option, choose Insert Function. The 'Insert Function
dialogue box appears.
3. Look for a function or choose one from a list of options. For example,
choose COUNTIF from the Statistical category.
4. Click INSERT FUNCTION.
2. The Average
Simple averages of data, such as the average number of shareholders in a
certain shareholding pool, should come to mind when using the AVERAGE
function.
=AVERAGE (number1, [number2],)
3. COUNT
The COUNT function counts the number of cells in a range that solely
contains numeric values.
=COUNT (value1, [value2],)
Example:
COUNT (A: A) – Counts all numerical values in column A. To count rows,
you must change the range within the calculation.
COUNT (A1:C1) – It now can count rows.
4. COUNTA
COUNTA, like the COUNT function, counts all cells in a rage. It does,
however, count all cells, regardless of their kind. Unlike COUNT, which
only counts numeric, this function also counts dates, times, strings, logical
values, errors, empty strings, and text.
=COUNTA (value1, [value2] ….and so on)
Example:
COUNTA (C13:C2) However, unlike COUNT, you can't count rows using
the same algorithm. COUNTA (H2:C2), for example, will count columns C
to H if you change the selection within the brackets.
5. IF
The IF function is often employed when you wish to sort your data
according to a set of rules. The nice thing about the IF formula is that it
includes formulae and functions.
=IF(logical test, [value if true], [value if false])
Example:
=IF(D3C2, 'TRUE,' 'FALSE') =IF(D3C2, 'TRUE,' 'FALSE') – If the value at
C3 is smaller than the value at D3, the condition is true. If the reasoning is
correct, set the cell value to TRUE; otherwise, set it to FALSE.
=IF(SUM(C10:C1) > SUM(D10:D1 – A complicated IF logic example. It
adds C1 to C10 and D1 to D10 first, then compares the results. When the
total of C1 to C10 exceeds the sum of D1 to D10, the value of a cell
becomes equal to C1 to C10. Otherwise, the SUM of C1 through C10 is
calculated.
6. TRIM
It is possible to prevent disorganized areas from interfering with your daily
activities by using the TRIM feature. That there are no open slots is ensured
by this method. When TRIM is used, it only affects a single cell instead of
other activities that may affect a group of cells. Therefore, it has the issue of
reproducing data on your spreadsheet, which is a disadvantage.
=TRIM(text)
Example:
TRIM(A2) – extract empty spaces from cell A2's value.
Example:
=MAX(B2:C11) – In both columns B and C, it determines the largest
number between column B from B2 and column C from C2 to row 11.
8. Percentage
Type =A1/B1 into the cells you wish to find a percentage in to utilize the
percentage formula in Excel Spreadsheets. To convert a decimal number to
a %, select the cell, go to the Home tab, and choose "Percentage" from the
digits menu.
Although Microsoft Excel doesn't have a "formula" for percentages, it does
make it easy to convert the value of any cell to a %, so you don't have to
waste time measuring and reentering the numbers.
The particular option for converting the value of a cell to a percentage may
be found on Microsoft Excel's Home tab. Choose Conditional Formatting
from the drop-down menu next to this column, then highlight the cell(s) you
wish to convert to a percent (this menu tab might say "General" first).
Then choose "Percentage" from the drop-down menu that appears. Each
cell you've marked will have its meaning transformed to a percentage. You
will find it a little farther down the page.
Remember that if you use other formulae to produce new numbers, such as
the division formula (notated =A1/B1), the results will default to decimals.
Before or after applying this method, select the cells and change their
format to "Percentage" using the home tab, as seen above.
9. Subtraction
To run the subtraction algorithm in Microsoft Excel, enter the cells you
want to subtract in the format =SUM (A1, -B1). You may use the SUM
formula to subtract it by putting a negative sign directly before the cell
you're removing. For example, if A1 is 10 and B1 is 6, =SUM(A1, -B1)
produces 4 instead of 10 + -6.
In MS Excel, subtracting, including fractions, lacks a formula, but that
doesn't imply it can't be done. There are two methods for removing
particular values (or inside cells).
=SUM was used as a formula. In the layout =SUM(A1, -B1), enter the cells
you wish to subtract, with the minus sign (denoted by a hyphen) directly
before the cell whose value you want to remove. Enter to find the distance
between the two parenthesis cells. Take a look at the image above to get a
sense of how this works.
In the format, write =A1-B1. To subtract several values from each other,
enter an equal sign, the first value or cell, a hyphen, then the value to be
subtracted. Enter to obtain the difference between the two numbers.
10. Multiplication
Insert the cells for multiplying in Microsoft Excel in the format =A1*B1 to
run the multiplication formula. In this formula, an asterisk is used to
multiply cell A1 by cell B1. If A1 is 10 and B1 is 6, for example, the result
of =A1*B1 is 60.
You could think that multiplying values in MS Excel has a formula or that
the "x" character signifies multiple multiplied values.
Using an asterisk — * — is all it takes.
When you hit Enter, the highlighted cell will display your selected quotient.
12. DATE
The MS Excel DATE formula is DATE =DATE (year, month, day). This
formula will provide a date that matches the data in the brackets and values
from other cells. For example, if A1 is 2018, B1 is 7, and C1 is 11,
=DATE(A1,B1,C1) returns 7/11/2018.
It might be tough to input dates into the cells of a Microsoft Excel database
at times. Fortunately, formatting dates is easy using a simple formula. This
formula can be used in two different ways:
To make dates, use a series of cell values. Select an empty cell, enter
"=DATE," and then put the values of the cells that make up your chosen
date in parentheses, starting with the year, month number, and ending with
the day. DATE= (year, month, day). To show how this works, check the
screenshot below.
Set a date for today automatically. Select an empty cell and enter
=DATE(YEAR(TODAY()), MONTH(TODAY()), DAY(TODAY()) in it.
The most recent date in your MS Excel spreadsheet will be returned if you
click enter.
You'll be required to confirm the password and save the worksheet after
clicking Ok. If somebody attempts to change the data now, they'll require
that password. If you wish to safeguard a group of sheets, click Protect
Workbook and follow the same steps.
After clicking Ok, pick from the list by clicking the drop-down arrow
adjacent to the cell.
Note that once one cell is set up, it may be copied and pasted into the other
cells below.
5.10 Text-to-column
Have you ever needed data in Excel, but there was additional information in
those cells that your calculations couldn't handle? While some intricate
algorithms may assist you break your text into new columns, they can take
up a significant amount of time. Text to Columns is a quick approach to
divide this up since it separates all of the chosen cells simultaneously and
places the results in separate columns.
Text to Columns is available in two separate modes: fixed-width and
delimited. Delimited divides the text depending on the text, such as every
comma, tab, or space, while fixed-width splits the text based on the text
such as every comma, tab, or space.
For example, let's use a delimited Text to Columns to eliminate cents from
our total column.
To use Text to Columns, highlight your data and then click the Data
Ribbon's Text to Columns button. You'll be able to pick between fixed-
width and delimited options after you've arrived.
Set your separating criteria on the following screen. We utilized the period
in our example.
You have the opportunity to omit portions and adjust the formatting on the
final screen. It will save you time in the future. After that, click Finish.
Finally, the outcomes! All of the cents were put in the right-hand column.
Excel makes graphing so easy that the title is included in the results! So the
next time you're called into a last-minute meeting, you'll be able to quickly
build a basic graph on the spot.
Chapter 6: Excel for Medium Level Users
6.1 Intermediate skills
After you've mastered the fundamentals, you'll need to learn about
Intermediate Excel Skills. Essentially, these abilities provide alternatives
and ways for efficiently managing and working with data.
1. Go to the Special section.
The GO TO SPECIAL option within the worksheet allows you to browse a
particular cell or a range of cells. You must go to the Home Tab Editing
Find and Select Go To special to access it.
As you can see, it includes a variety of choices for selecting and using
various types of cells.
For example, if you want to pick all the blank cells, choose the blank and
click OK, and all the blank cells will be selected quickly.
Similarly, if you wish to select cells with formulae and return numbers, you
must first pick formulas, checkmark numbers, and click OK.
2. Pivot Table
One of the most effective methods to evaluate data is to use pivot tables. A
summary table may be made from a huge data source. Follow the
instructions below to create a pivot table:
To begin, go to the Insert Tab and choose the pivot table option.
You'll be presented with a dialogue box where you may choose the source
data, but since you've already picked the data, the range will be taken
automatically.
After you click OK, you'll see a sidebar similar to the one below, where you
can drag and drop the rows, columns, and values for the pivot table. Now
add "Age" to the rows, "Education" to the column, and "First Name" to the
values to complete the table.
After defining everything, you'll get a pivot chart similar to the one below.
3. Named range
Giving a cell or a range of cells a name is known as named range. Every
cell in Excel has a unique address that is a combination of row and column.
However, with the named range, you may assign that cell or that range of
cells a particular name (Generic) and then refer to it by that name.
Imagine you have a tax percentage in cell A1; instead of utilizing the
reference, you can now assign it a name and utilize it in all calculations.
Go to the Formula Tab and choose Define Names Define name to create a
named range.
You must now specify the following items in the define name dialogue box:
You may establish a named range for the range of cells in the same manner
and then refer to it in formulae.
4. Drop-Down Lists
A drop-down list is a list of predetermined values that may be used to
rapidly insert data into a cell. Go to the Data Tab Data Tools Data
Validation Data Validation to construct a drop-down list.
In the data validation dialogue box, choose the list from the to allow list,
and then refer to the range from which you wish to take values in the source
field (You can also insert values directly into the source input box).
5. Conditional Formatting
The fundamental concept of conditional formatting is to apply to format
using conditions and formulae, and the greatest part is that there are more
than 20 possibilities available with a single click.
For example, if you want to highlight all duplicate values in a range of
cells, all you have to do is go to the Home Tab and choose Conditional
Formatting Highlight Rules Duplicate Values.
In addition, you may use data bars, color talents, and icons.
6. Idea Button
If you use Office 365, you may make use of Microsoft's new Idea Button,
which can assist you in quickly analyzing your data by suggesting other
approaches to create:
Frequency Distribution Chart
Pivot Tables
Trendline Charts
Choose the data and then click the idea button on the home page to generate
an idea.
It analyses the data for a few seconds before presenting you with a selection
of probable results.
A dialogue box appears when you click the dazzling button, asking you to
pick the data range and the sparkling's destination range.
Aside from that, the sparkline tab allows you to personalize a sparkline by
altering its color, adding markings, and more.
8. Text to Column
Using the text to column option, you may use a separator to break a single
column into numerous columns. It's one of the most effective methods for
cleaning and transforming data. The table below has a column with names
and a gap between the first and last names.
Using text to column and space as a separator, you may separate this
column into two distinct (first name and last name).
To begin, go to the Data Tab and choose Text to Column.
After that, mark the space with a tick. As you can see, the space has been
used to separate data from the column.
When you click on it, a few tabs appear, from which you may choose
alternatives. Let's take a look at each tab individually now.
Formatting: This tab lets you apply conditional formatting to the chosen
table, such as data bars, color scales, icon sets, and other rules.
Charts: This page displays some of the suggested charts that you may use
with the data you've chosen, or you can click on more charts to choose a
particular chart.
Total: You can rapidly add some of the fundamental calculations, such as
average count, running total, and many more, from this page.
Table: You may insert a pivot table with the specified data and apply an
Excel table from this tab.
Sparkline’s: You may use this tab to add spark lines, which are little charts
you can make inside a cell.
Note that this shortcut works with percentages as well. Replace "$" with
"percent" if you wish to mark a column of numerical values as "%" figures.
4. Fill in a cell with the current date and time.
You may want to add a date and time stamp to your worksheet if you're
documenting social media postings or keeping track of activities you're
marking off your to-do list. Begin by choosing the cell to which this
information will be added.
Then perform one of the following, depending on what you want to insert:
Control + ; (semi-colon) to insert current date
Control + Shift + ; (semi-colon) to insert current time
Control + ; (semi-colon), SPACE, and then Control + Shift + ; to insert the
current date and time.
Create a formatting rule to describe the sort of duplicate material you want
to bring forth using the popup.
Range lookup
You may either type true or false in this box. When nothing matches the
variables, the true option will collect data closest to what you wish to
discover. If you enter false, it will either give you the precise number you're
searching for or display #N/A if the data can't be retrieved.
2. INDEX MATCH
Formula
=INDEX(E9:C3,MATCH(C3,B13:C9,0),MATCH(B14,E3:C3,0))
It is a more sophisticated version of the VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP
formulae (with several drawbacks and limitations). INDEX MATCH is a
strong Excel formula combination that can help you improve your financial
analysis and modeling.
INDEX is a table function that returns the value of a cell depending on the
column and row number.
MATCH returns the row or column position of a cell.
Here's an example of combining the INDEX and MATCH formulae. We
search up and return a person's height depending on their name in this
example. We may modify both the name and the height in the calculation
since they are both variables.
To use INDEX
The participants' names, heights, and weights are included below. We'd
want to search up Kevin's height using the INDEX formula... Here's an
example of how to go about doing that.
Take the following steps:
1. Write "=INDEX(" then select the table area and add a comma.
2. Type Kevin's row number, "4", followed by a comma.
3. Close the bracket after typing the column number for height, which is
"2."
4. "5.8" is the outcome.
To use MATCH
Using the same example as before, let's utilize MATCH to determine which
row Kevin belongs in.
Take the following steps:
Link to the cell containing "Kevin"... the name we want to look up by
typing "=MATCH(" and linking to the cell containing "Kevin"... the name
we want to look up.
All cells in the Name column (including the "Name" header) should be
selected.
For an exact match, type "0."
As a consequence, Kevin is seated in a row "4".
To discover out which column Height is in, use MATCH once more.
Take the following steps:
Link to the cell containing "Height"... the criteria we want to look up by
typing "=MATCH(" and linking to the cell containing "Height"... the
criteria we want to look up.
Select all of the cells in the table's top row.
For an exact match, type "0."
As a consequence, height appears in column "2."
Combine MATCH and INDEX
We can now use the two MATCH formulae to replace the "4" and the "2" in
the original INDEX calculation. In the end, you'll have an INDEX MATCH
formula.
Take the following steps:
Kevin's MATCH formula should be cut and the "4" replaced.
Replace the "2" in the MATCH formula for height with it.
Kevin's height is calculated to be "5.8."
You've successfully created a dynamic INDEX MATCH formula!
3. SUMIF
In Excel, the SUMIF function adds all numbers in a range of cells
according to a particular condition (for example, it is equal to 2000).
SUMIF is a built-in function in Excel that may also be used as a worksheet
function.
Example
To display named ranges, go to the top of the screen's toolbar and pick the
Formulas tab. Select Name Manager from the Defined Names drop-down
menu in the Defined Names group.
The Name Manager's window should now appear.
4. RUNDOWN
In Microsoft Excel, the ROUNDDOWN function returns a value that has
been rounded down to a given number of values.
The ROUNDDOWN function is a Number Function that is built-in in
Excel.
The syntax is: ROUNDDOWN (number, digits)
Example:
ROUNDDOWN (A1, 0)
Result is 662
5. ROUNDUP
In Microsoft Excel, the ROUNDUP function generates a number that round
up off to a specified number of values.
The ROUNDUP function in Excel is a built-in function classified as a
number function.
The syntax is ROUNDUP( number, digits )
Example:
ROUNDUP(A1, 0)
Result is 663
6. SUMPRODUCT
In Microsoft Excel, the SUMPRODUCT function use to multiply the
elements in the arrays and returns the total. SUMPRODUCT is an Excel
built-in function that is categorized as a Number Function.
Syntax is SUMPRODUCT( array1, [array2, ... array_n] )
Example:
=SUMPRODUCT(A1:B2, D1:E2)
Result is 70
7. TEXT
In Microsoft Excel, the TEXT function produces a result converted to text
in a specific format. The TEXT function is a Text Function that is a built-in
function in Excel. In a worksheet cell, the TEXT function may be utilized
as a part of a formula.
The syntax is TEXT ( value, format )
Example:
Based on the Excel file above, the following TEXT samples would be
returned:
=TEXT(A1, "$#,##0.00")
The final figure is $7,678.87.
8. AND
The AND function in Microsoft Excel returns TRUE if all criteria are true.
It returns FALSE if any of the criteria are false. The AND function is a
logical function that is incorporated into Excel.
Syntax is AND ( condition1, [condition2], ... )
Example:
Based on the Excel spreadsheet above, the following AND samples would
be returned:
=AND(A1>10, A1>40)
The result is TRUE.
9. IF
The IF function in Microsoft Excel delivers one value if the condition is
TRUE and another value if the condition is FALSE. The IF function is a
Logical Function that is built-in in Excel.
Syntax is IF(condition, value if true, [value if false])
Example:
=COUNT (A1:A6)
The final result is 3.
11. COUNTA
In Microsoft Excel, the COUNTA function counts both the number of cells
that are not empty and the number of supplied value parameters. The
COUNTA function is a Statistical/Counting Function that is built-in in
Excel.
COUNTA(argument1, [argument2,... argument n]) is the syntax.
Example:
=COUNT (C2:C7)
Result: 'Number of students with a grade in Math' is 3.
12. IF combined with AND / OR
Syntax:
=IF(AND(C4>=C2,C2<=C5),C7,C6)
models understands how difficult nested IF formulas can be. Combining the
IF function with the AND or OR function may
make calculations simpler to audit and comprehend for other users. You can
see how we combined the separate functions to create a more complicated
formula in the example below.
The SUM formula begins in cell B4 but finishes with a variable, the
OFFSET formula, which begins in cell B4 and continues with the value in
E2 ("3"), minus one. It shifts the sum formula's finish across two cells,
totaling three years of data (including the starting point). The offset and
sum formula provides us the total of cells B4:D4 is 15, as seen in cell F7.
14. CHOOSE
Syntax:
=CHOOSE(choice, option1, option2, option3)
The CHOOSE function is ideal for financial modeling scenario analysis. It
enables you to choose from a set of possibilities and can return the
"decision" you've made. Assume you have three distinct sales growth
forecasts for next year: 5%, 12%, and 18%. If you tell Excel you desire
option #2, you may get a 12 percent return using the CHOOSE formula.
To delete rows or columns, choose Delete from the context menu of any cell
in the row or column you want to remove, and then pick either Table Rows
or Table Columns from the drop-down menu. Alternatively, on the Home
tab, in the Cells group, pick the appropriate choice by clicking the arrow
next to Delete:
Bar Charts
The most significant distinction between a bar chart and a column chart is
that the bars in a bar chart are horizontal rather than vertical in orientation.
Despite the fact that both bar charts and column charts are often used, some
people prefer column charts when dealing with negative values since it is
easier to discern negatives when they are shown vertically on a y-axis.
Line Charts
A line chart, rather than a table of static data points, is the most effective
tool for presenting trends over time. The lines connect each data point,
enabling you to see how the value(s) has changed over time and how it has
grown or decreased. Among the seven-line chart, options are line, stacked
line, 100 percent stacked line, line with markers, stacked line with markers,
100 percent stacked line with markers, and 3-D line. There are also seven-
line chart options for bar charts and pie charts.
Combo Charts
A Combo Chart is a combination of two different chart types, such as a
column chart and a line chart, in one visual representation. A Combo Chart
is a single chart that displays multiple chart types. Combo charts are
capable of charting data with a variety of different sizes on one chart. Can
indicate the relationship between one object and another.
Scatter Charts
Scatter charts are used to demonstrate how one variable affects another via
the usage of several variables. They are similar to line graphs in that they
may be used to depict how variables change over time. Correlation is the
term used to describe this process. Among the chart types that fall under the
scatter, classification is the bubble diagram. The seven scatter chart options
are:
Scatter.
Scatter with lines and markers.
Scatter with smooth lines.
Scatter with straight lines and markers.
Scatter with straight lines, bubble, and 3-D bubble.
There are additional four charts categories. These charts are more case-
specific:
Area Charts.
Stock Charts.
Surface Charts.
Radar Charts.
Area Charts
Area charts, like line charts, are used to illustrate changes in values over
some time. On the other hand, region charts are useful for highlighting
variances in change across a number of variables since the area beneath
each line is solid.
Stock Charts
This kind of chart is often used in financial analysis. In contrast, if you want
to display the range of a number as well as its specific value, you may use
such charts in every case. Choose from stock chart types such as high-low-
close, open-high-low-close, volume-high-low-close, and volume-open-
high-low-close to display on your computer's screen.
Surface Charts
A surface chart is used to represent data in a three-dimensional setting. With
this additional plane, data sets with more than two factors and data sets with
categories within a single variable can benefit from increased precision. A
surface chart is more difficult to read, so be sure your audience understands
what they're looking at before presenting it to them. Several options are
available, including 3-D area, wireframe 3-D surface, contour, and
wireframe contour.
Radar Charts
Using a radar chart, you may show data from a large number of variables
that are all connected to one another. All variables begin at the center point,
which serves as their beginning point. A radar chart's most important
feature is that it allows you to evaluate all of the different aspects that affect
one another; they're often used to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of
particular commodities or employees. Radar charts are classified into three
types: radar with markings, radar with no markings, and filled radar.
Following selecting your data for the chart, follow the steps shown below to
incorporate the chart into your spreadsheet.
1. Decide which information you want to utilize and why.
2. Choose the Insert tab from the ribbon's drop-down menu.
4. Go via the Chart settings and choose Show Previews to see the
previews.
5. Please choose the appropriate chart and click on it to insert it. The line
chart shown in the following graphic is utilized.
6. When you click on the line chart icon, a drop-down menu with a
variety of other chart kinds displays.
7. When you click on the line chart icon, a drop-down menu with various
other chart kinds displays. To begin creating the chart, you must first
tell Excel what data to use as a starting point. Following the selection
of the chart canvas (which may be accomplished by just clicking on
it), go to the "Chart Design" menu and choose "Select Data" (see
below). Alternatively, you may right-click on the graph and pick
"Select Data" from the context menu.
8. The data selection options are shown in the menu below. You have the
option of selecting the whole data area to be utilized at the top. You
have the option of selecting which data to show on the vertical axis (y-
axis) of the left panel and which variable to display on the horizontal
axis (x-axis) of the right panel (x-axis).
9. Let's tell Excel what data to utilize for the vertical axis first. As
indicated below, click "Add."
10. A menu, similar to the one seen below, should now be shown. Fill in
the blanks with a title and a description of the series' content. In the
"Series name" column, you have the option of manually entering the
description of the series.
11. For the "Series Values," click the arrow up icon. Select all of the cells
containing the values you want to display on the vertical axis.
12. The series for the horizontal axis may be selected by selecting "Edit"
from the right-hand panel. Select the data for the horizontal axis using
the same strategy as you did for the vertical axis, and then click the
OK button to finish.
In above figure
=LEN (A2)
COUNTA
COUNTA is a function that determines if a cell has any data or not. Every
day in the life of a data analyst, you will come across
data sets that are not comprehensive. COUNTA will enable you to examine
any gaps in the dataset without the need to rearrange the information.
Equation:
COUNTA (Mark Cell)
In above figure
Count ( A10)
Days or Network Days
DAYS is exactly what the name describes it to be. This method calculates
the number of calendar days that have elapsed between two dates using a
calendar. A valuable tool for determining the lifespan of goods and
contracts, as well as determining run rating income based on service
duration – a data analysis that is needed..
NETWORKDAYS is a little more reliable and helpful than
NETWORKDAYS. This formula calculates the number of "workdays" that
have elapsed between two dates, with the option to take into account
holidays. Even workaholics need a vacation from time to time! The use of
these two algorithms to compare time periods is extremely beneficial in
project management situations.
Equations:
=DAYS (Mark CELL, Mark CELL)
=NETWORK DAYS (Mark CELL, Mark CELL….
In the figure:
=DAYS (B8, C8)
OR
=NETWORKDAYS (C7, B7, 3)
SUMIFS
SUMIFS Normally, the technique of choice is =SUM, but what happens
when you need to sum data depending on various criteria? SUMIFS is the
name of the game. In the example below, SUMIFS is used to assess how
much each product contributes to the top-line income of the organization.
Equation:
=SUMIF(RANGE,CRITERIA,
In figure:
=SUMIF ($A$2:$A$28,$B$2:$B$28,$F2)
AverageIFS
AVERAGEIFS works in a similar way to SUMIFS in that it enables you to
take an average based on one or more criteria.
Equation:
=AVERAGEIF(SELECT CELL, CRITERIA)
VLOOKUP
VLOOKUP is one of the most widely used and well-known data analysis
functions globally. If you're an Excel user, you'll almost certainly need to
"marry" data together at some time in your career. For example, accounts
receivable may be aware of the cost of each product, but the shipping
department may only offer the number of units that have been dispatched.
That is the ideal application for the VLOOKUP function.
Using reference data (A2) in conjunction with the price table, Excel can
search for matching criteria in the first column and return an adjacent value,
as seen in the figure below.
Equation:
=VLOOKUP (LOOKUP VALUE, TABLE ARRAY, COL INDEX NUM,
[RANGE LOOKUP])
FIND/SEARCH
For finding particular text inside a data collection, the =FIND/=SEARCH
methods are quite effective. Both are included because =FIND will return
case-sensitive results, i.e.,
if you use FIND to query for "Big," you will only get results that are
Big=true. However, a =SEARCH for "Big" will return results for both Big
and big, broadening the scope of the query. Searching for anomalies or
unique IDs is a particularly beneficial use of this technique.
Equation:
Chapter 11: Mistakes in Microsoft Excel
Spreadsheets have been shown to be a reliable tool in the corporate sector.
If you work in the fields of money, finances, business, or anything else
closely related to those, you almost certainly utilize spreadsheets. Their
application in the military, for example, is to keep track of supply levels.
With so many individuals in so many different businesses relying on
spreadsheets, it's reasonable to assume that people make many mistakes.
Correct! Listed here are 10 frequent spreadsheet blunders that you've
undoubtedly committed in the past.
Check Calculations
Sometimes, particularly when inserting new rows, it is quite easy to
overlook the sum calculation, which may be frustrating accidentally.
Always make an effort to establish cross-check calculations to ensure that
your formulae are correct. It's rather evident in this simple example:
As your tables get more complicated, including blocks and sub-blocks, such
as a profit and loss statement, it becomes more difficult to make mistakes,
making it even more critical to include checks.
Here, it's just a matter of ensuring that the verticals and horizontals are
equal — one less than the other should equal zero.
Excel will often attempt to alert you of problems by displaying a little
danger sign, but this is not always effective.
Draw attention to the inputs and outputs of your "what-if" models.
Making it simple for others to utilize your complicated models pays off
when you highlight the fields that operators should fill and even group them
together, as well as when you make the outcomes of your models plain.
Avoid creating rows to create visually appealing spaces as a design
component.
Excel treats blank rows differently based on the functions you need to
utilize and treats data in distinct lists as though they are separate lists. For
example, autofill and formulae will continue both halts at a blank row, so
you may discover that your worksheet does not update as you anticipate.
12.5 Security
Because the primary use of Microsoft Excel is to provide security,
consumers are capable of keeping their information secure. The stored files
in this program may be protected using a personal password code, which
prevents them from being accessed or destroyed by others. These may be
entered straight into the excel spreadsheet or created using simple visual
programming. Another advantage of using Excel is that it keeps important
data structured and requires less time to access it than other data storage
methods. The usage of Microsoft Excel allows for the quick resolution of
problems.