WORLD CULTURE

-involves the spread of global models leading to global convergence.

ang global convergence ay yung process ng geographically distant culture that influences one another
kahit na nasa magkaibang lugar.

Ang resulta ng world culture is the isomorphism.

Isomorphism: A series of global models has led to a great uniformity throughout the world.
- ito yung belief na ang widespread adoption sa series of standardized cultural models ay
nagreresulta sa greater global uniformity. Example ay ang models employee by organization,
corporations with global rich in domains gaya ng education, education sa pilipinas at sa ibang bansa,
business, politics, religion and so on.
John Meyer and his colleagues argue that there has developed, especially in recent years, a series of
global models in a variety of different domains – politics, business, education, family, religion, and so on
– and that their spread has led to a surprising amount of uniformity throughout the world.
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POLITICS
-so in the Philippines, marami satin na ang politics natin ay naimpluwensiyahan kung paano saatin na
introduce ang politika, if we look back, kung titignan natin, ang polotical stand na nakuha natin sa
Español nung tayo ay sinakop ay hindi skilled politicians o hindi nakapag aral ang mga tumayong leader
dito sa pilipinas.
BUSINESS
-so yung business, naimpluwensiyahan ang individual, halimbawa gusto mong magtayo ng business,
maaari kang maimpluwensiyahan kung paano mo patatakbuhin ang iyong business by the influence of
the well know western businessmen, and also books na How to besome wealthy na naipublished ng mga
western writers, kung papaano nagwo-work ang mga businesses sa ibang bansa.
EDUCATION
-another influence naman ng mga america saatin, ang america ang nag introduce saatin dito sa
pilipinas ng edikasyon nung tayo ay kinolonized nila, so more likely kung paano tayo dito turuan ng
edikasyon is the one that is implied by the america to us, kung ano yung ituturo sa edikasyon ay yun
yung paniguradong mapapalaganap sa lipunan.
FAMILY
-part ng ating family culture is yung toxic family culture, like ang breadwinner ay yung anak, at ang
anak ang bumubuhay sa magulang, sila yung nagfi-finance and that's one of the toxic family culture
natin dito sa pilipinas, so ngayon is unti unti na itong nababago dahil sa globalization, dahil ngayon open
na ang mga tao sa mindset na hindi responsibilidad ng anak ang kanyang mga magulang, pero nandun
parin kasi yung pagiging pilipino natin na talagang iisipin mo yung mga magulang mo, na they are our
priorities. At malaki ang utang na loob natin sakanila, and that's part of the family culture.
RELIGION
-the religion itself, we have the islam, christianity, and many more and also from our clononizer
which is yung español. More likely we have here or the culture that we practice here is even before
nabahiran na ng mga cultural practices and doings ng ibang bansa.
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Key Assumption: Decline of the nation-state allowing these models to flow freely and traverse borders,
resulting in widespread structural isomorphism.
Culture is associated with a “ cultural order ” and “ institutions, ” both of which are seen as “rationalized
”.
Culture is seen as shaping and being shaped by the macro, meso, and micro levels throughout the world.
macro-states and the state system
meso-organizations such as schools and firms, associations including voluntary associations
micro-individual citizenship and identity
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So, dito kasi, kahit yung maliit na practice, kapag yun ang collectively na ginawa ay lumalaki, halimbawa
yung sa meso, example ay ang teacher, when a teacher do a practice which is yung cultural practice
tapos naipasa niya ito sa estudyante niya, so kapag ang estudyante niya ay nakapagtapos at pag nasa
working environment na ito, pwede niya ito maipasa itong cultural practice na ito sa mga organization
na associated nila, at kapag inano na ng organization ang cultural practice na ito, pwede itong lumawak
at maging states o state system, kasi nga organization per organization, so from micro, magiging meso,
and then magiging macro, so even the smallest thing lalaki ito. Another example is yung spread ng
culture, music, fastfood restaurant, and etc.
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• Boli and Petrova (2007) argue that the prevailing trend in globalization emphasizes homogenization,
emphasizing the global spread of culture, standardized models, and organizational uniformity.
• a "soft model highlighting the voluntary acceptance of these changes, framing globalization as
legitimate rather than illegitimate.
• Globalization extends to various domains, such as education, economics, human rights, and
governance, promoting individual-centric models.
• tailed state" with issues like poverty and social disorder.
• Corporations adopt a globaly favored model, accompanied by a global corporate morality.
• Globalization's power lies in its influence both internally and externally.
• While culture manifests cognitively in individuals, it also exists externally in isomorphic organizations.
• The educational system plays a crucial role in teaching world culture, reflecting and perpetuating
global homogeneity.
• There is an exisence of diverisity, globalization, and resistance. They stress that globalization doesnt
necessarily induce resistance but produces legitimate differences and diversity.
• The authors suggest exploring international Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs) as
organizational forms shaped by world culture.