Thumbrules for RCC member sizes

Slab depths
One way slab - Shorter clear span / 25 rounded off to the next multiple of 5 mm
Two way slab - Shorter clear span / 30 rounded off to the next multiple of 5 mm
Cantilever slab - Cantilever span / 10 rounded off to the next multiple of 5 mm

Beam depths
Beam depths can be assumed as per their clear span (Distance between Columns)
For beams spans upto 3.0 m 230 x 300
For spans - more than & very close to 3.0 m 230 x 380
3.0 to 4.5 m 230 x 450
For spans - more than & very close to 4.5 m 230 x 530
4.5 to 6.0 m 230 x 600
For spans - more than & very close to 6.0 m 230 x 680
6.0 to 7.5 m 300 x 750
7.5 to 9.0 m 300 x 900
Column sizes
Column sizes can be assumed as per the largest beam span anchored to it
For beams spans upto 3.0 m 230 x 300
For spans - more than & very close to 3.0 m 230 x 380
3.0 to 4.5 m 230 x 450
For spans - more than & very close to 4.5 m 230 x 530
4.5 to 6.0 m 230 x 600
For spans - more than & very close to 6.0 m 230 x 680
6.0 to 7.5 m 300 x 750
7.5 to 9.0 m 300 x 900
Column orientation
In plan, Longer face of the column to be aligned to the longer beam span.

Above are only thumbrules for a quick work out. Ideally, all RCC member sizes should be evaluated as the design methods prescribed by IS 456.