INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING (MA1001)

Introduction to
High-Technology Ceramic
(S i l i c a t e  N o n - s i l i c a t e O x i d e - b a s e d  N o n o x i d e c e r a m i c )

Dr. Eng. NGUYEN KHANH SON

Head, Department Silicate Materials
cum Deputy-Dean, Fac. of Materials Technology
0933623629/ ksnguyen@hcmut.edu.vn
1st idea of WHAT is a ceramic?
The word “ceramic” comes from the
Greek “Keramos” which means clay.
Real definition
 Inorganic and non-metallic materials
Tiles
WHERE are ceramic materials?
WHERE are ceramic materials?

 Video WHERE are ceramic materials?

“Though it's far from obvious, we live in a ceramic world, just as people have for
thousands of years”
Distribution of production

 Big corporation
 Many SMEs for
global supply chain
Remarkable properties
Remarkable properties
Remarkable properties
Shock
resistance
From 1 to n …
Non oxide
ceramic materials

Non silicate oxide-

based ceramic
materials

Silicate ceramic materials

History
When & In what form?
Long & interesting history
History of History of
ceramics mankind

 26.000 years ago, animal and

human figurines made out of clay,
fired in kilns dug in the ground
 The Venus of Dolní Vestonice -
Czech Republic, the Oldest
Known Ceramic Figurine, fired
at 7000C
Pottery (in VN gốm nói chung)

In accient Greece, vase made

of clay and decorated with a
brushed liquid clay called slip
Stoneware (in VN gốm đá, sành)
 Early ceramics: insignificant amount of porosity <1%
Earthenware (in VN sứ tráng men)
Glassware
 Porcelain (in VN sứ tàu)

• In Vietnam, Bat Trang in North and

Binh Duong in south (Minh Long)
Refractory & Technical ceramics
Silicate vs. non silicate
Classification of silicates
What are silicate ceramics?

 Major properties
 Application
Example of kaolin clay
 Fine-grained natural rock or soil materials that combines also
traces of metal oxides and organic matter.
 Kaolin: main raw materials of porcelain

 Properties:
 Plasticity for shaping

 Clay-water for cohesion

Kaolinite

 Sheet layer 1
 …
 Sheet layer n
Thermal behavior
Oxide-based ceramic
Oxide-based ceramic
 A lot of different materials

 A lot of properties

 A lot of applications …
 Alumina
 Al2O3 or aluminium oxide  The most widespread ceramic in
industry
 Bayer production
process

 High hardness
 Chemically inertness
 High electrical resistivity
Zirconia
 From natural Zircon (ZrSiO4)  with specific
treatment to obtain oxide ZrO2 – Baddeleyite
 Optionally doped with other oxides (CaO, Y2O3…)
to stabilize a given structure and modulate the
properties.
 Properties
• Very high toughness
• High mechanical strength
• Biocompatibility
Titatina
 TiO2 or titanium dioxide produced
from titanium ore with specific treatments
 Brightness, very high refractive index
 Resistance to discolouration under UV
 Photocatalyst effect = self-cleaning

Additive for enamel Toothpaste, suncare cream..

Others combination
 Barium titanate BaTiO3

 Aluminium titanate Al2TiO5

Characteristic properties
Non oxide-based ceramic

1. Carbon-based
materials
2. Carbides

3. Nitrides
 Carbon diamond (C)

 Application:
Carbon graphite

 Properties and application

Carbon nanotube
 Carbon fullerenes and nanotubes

 Extraordinary properties:

• Very high electrical conductivity

Silicon carbide (SiC)

 Properties and applications

Boron carbides (B4C)

 Properties and applications

Silicon nitride (Si3N4)
 Properties

 Applications
Aluminium Nitride (AlN)
 Properties

 Applications
Boron Nitride (BN)
 Properties and applications
Ceramic story at HCMUT
 Before 1975: pottery workshop for colleges and workers
training of Phu Tho Insitut of Technology
 1975-2000: Research center for pottery production of
HCMUT, internship and engineering formation with major
Inorganic and Silicate program (Fac. of Chemical engineering)
 From 2000-now: Department of Ceramic materials – Fac. Of
Materials Technology, specialized in formation and research
transfer in the field of Ceramic engineering
Facilities
 Department’s offices: C4-104
(main campus) & H2-602
(campus 2)
 Laboratory:
• Module of high temperature
furnaces & ceramic: 105-106 C4
• Module of cement, concrete: H2-
101 & basement of H2
 Pottery workshop: 140m2
with pilot scale equipments
 Board of lecturers
 Lecturers: 1 Full Prof., 1 Assoc. Prof. 5 PhD, 2 MSc
• Mr. Đỗ Quang Minh, Full Prof. PhD. (Slovakia),
• Mrs. Huỳnh Ngọc Minh, PhD. (HCMUT) – Head of Laboratory
• Mr. Nguyễn Khánh Sơn, PhD. (France) – Head of Dept. cum Deputy Dean
• Mr. Phạm Trung Kiên, Assoc. Prof. PhD. (Japan),
• Mrs. Nguyễn Vũ Uyên Nhi, MSc
• Mrs. Lê Minh Sơn, MSc
• Mr. Kiều Đỗ Trung Kiên, PhD. (HCMUT) – Head of Labor Union
• Mr. Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Huỳnh, PhD. (Japan)
• Mr. Nguyễn Hoàng Thiên Khôi, PhD. (Korea)

 Laborator’s engineers: 1 PhD., 1 Eng.

• Mrs. Lê Huỳnh Tuyết Anh, PhD. (HCMUT) & Mr. Trần Anh Tú, Eng. – Head of youth union
List of courses given by Dept.
Introduction to Engineering Microstructural characterization of materials
Solid state chemistry and
Introduction to Materials Science Physico-Chemistry of materials

Materials Technology Inorganic chemistry Materials processing & equipments

Heat and Mass transfert

Ceramic technology
Cement and concrete technology
Mechanic of Materials
Sustainable development of materials
Advanced ceramic materials

Degradation of materials and protection Specialized lab. and Design projects

 Experiment-based study  to work

Materials, analyzing, High temperature Products

processing, forming treatment analyzing
 Experiment-based study  to work

Heat fusion High frecency Hip prosthesis and

and treatment casting, Hot pressing biocompatibility test
 Experiment-based study  to work

Materials
sintering and Mixing, casting QC analysis and
processing and curing in air amelioration
Materials engineer
Cooperation for internship and job opportunities
 Institutes and Universities:

 Industrial partners

MOU 2020

MOU 2019

MOU 2018
Alumnus
 18 promotions of undergraduate
students (around 500) who now
work in industries and as
technician, researcher…
R&D axes and results
1. Traditional silicates & construction
materials toward sustainability
• Raw materials processing and utilization for green
production • Controlled release chemical admixture
• Insulators ceramic for cement concrete
• Crystallized, antibacterial glaze • Geopolymerization of solid waste
Glass surface coating with • Unfired materials, Porous ceramics
nano
TiO2,
Al2O3,
ZnO

Crystallized
glaze Porous diatomite-based
materials
 High temperature furnace

R&D axes and results

2. Design and production of equipments
energy-efficient production and QC
High temperature furnace
Waste incinerator system
& Exhaust-gas treatment
Rheometer for fresh mortar testing

Flash calcination
system
High shear mixer 2000 rpm
 R&D axes and results
Lithium silicate glass
ceramic for dental prosthesis
3. Bio-ceramics, Biomass and
Biomineralization by microrganism
Materials for Bio medicine (prosthesis, bone
graft…)
Microbially induced CaCO3 precipitation

Porous HA with perfect biocompatibility

R&D axes and results
3. Bio-ceramics, Biomass and
Biomineraliza-tion by microrganism
• Materials for Bio medicine (prosthesis, bone graft…
• Microbially induced CaCO3 precipitation
R&D axes and results
4. Funtional ceramics (electro-electronic,
ferrite, woodceramic..)
• Nano ferrite, Piezo-electric BaTiO3
Piezo-electric materials
• SiC, Woodceramic from
cashew nut shell,
rice husk..
 Thank you & WELCOME to
Department of Ceramics