Control of posture and

movement
Descending motor pathways
* Pyramidal tract
( Medullary pyramids )

* Extrapyramidal tract
( other central )
 Extrapyramidal tracts
1- Rubrospinal tract (+ Flexor ) à Stimulation
( Red nucleus ) ( - Extensor ) à Inhibition

2-Pontine reticulospinal tract (+ Flexor )

( Pons ) ( ++ Extensor)

3-Medullary reticulosoinal tract (- Flexor)

( medullary reticular ) (- - Extensor
)
4-Lateral vestibulospinal tract (- Flexor)
(Lateral vestibular nucleus) ( + Extensor)

5-Tectospinal (Control of neck muscles )

(superior colliculus )
Decerebrate Rigidity
* Lesion of brain stem above pontine
reticular and lateral vestibular nucleus but
below
midbrain cause Decerebrate Rigidity

*( lesion above midbrain do not cause

Decerebrate Rigidtiy )
Cerebellum or ( little brain )
* Regulates movement and posture
* Play role in certain kind of motor learning
* Control Rate, range, force and direction
of movement ( Synergy )

“ Damage of cerebellum cause

coordination of movement "
Divisions of cerebellum
1- Vestibulocerebellum :
Control balance and eye movement
2- Spinocerebellum :
Control synergy of movement
3- pontocerebellum :
Controls the planning and initiations of
movement
Basal ganglia
As a function of basal ganglia the role of
basal ganglia is to aid or support in
planning and execution of smooth
movements

* Parkinson disease
( Slow and delay of movement )
 Motor cortex
Voluntary movement are directed by the
motor cortex , and its consist of three areas :

1 and 2 - ( area 6 ) premotor cortex and

supplementary motor cortex :
Generating a plan of movement .

3- ( area 4 ) primary motor cortex

Execution of movement.
Thank you for listening J