Name: DELA CRUZ, CARMEL T.

Date: April 18, 2024

Grade & Section: 11 STEM 5 Score: ________________

LABORATORY WORK 1
GAS LAW

OBJECTIVES:
 To examine the relationship between Pressure & Volume for a sample of gas at constant
temperature.
 Demonstrate the relationship between temperature and volume of a gas.

MATERIALS:

SET-UP A
 50 ml syringe
 Marshmallow

SET-UP B
 Balloon
 2 Tupperware (Container)
 Ice
 Hot water

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
This laboratory activity is considered non-hazardous. Follow all normal laboratory procedures

PROCEDURES:
SET-UP A
Part 1
1. Place a marshmallow inside the syringe.
2. Depress the plunger until it’s nearly touching the marshmallow.
3. Place your finger over the end of the syringe.
4. Pull the plunger out to the end of the syringe.
Part 2
5. Leave the plunger at the end of the syringe.
6. Place your finger over the other end.
7. Depress the plunger until it's nearly touching the marshmallow.

SET-UP B
Part 1
1. Fill the container with cold water and ice.
2. Place the balloon on the container
3. Observe what will happen
Part 2
5. Fill the container with boiling/hot water.
6. Place the balloon on the container
7. Observe what will happen
POST LABORATORY QUESTIONS

1. Draw two pictures of the two set-ups: for the first box, draw the first set-up completely. On the
second box, draw the second set-up completely.

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
SET-UP A

1. With the plunger in place and your finger on the end of the syringe tip, the system inside the
syringe was closed: As the plunger was pulled outward, did the number of air molecules increase,
decrease, or stay the same? Explain.

-the number of air molecules remains constant. As the plunger is pulled outward, the volume inside
the syringe increases, while the number of air molecules remains the same. According to Boyle's
Law, when volume increases at constant temperature, pressure decreases. Since the number of air
molecules stays constant but the volume increases, the pressure decreases.
So, the number of air molecules stays the same.

2. What happened to the air pressure inside the tube as the plunger was pulled?

-As the plunger is pulled outward, the volume inside the syringe increases.
According to Boyle's Law, when volume increases at constant temperature, pressure decreases.
Therefore, as the plunger is pulled, the volume increases, and the pressure inside the syringe
decreases.

3. What happened to the marshmallow as the plunger was pulled?

- As the plunger is pulled outward, the volume inside the syringe increases, and the air pressure
decreases.The marshmallow inside the syringe experiences this change in pressure and volume.
With the decrease in air pressure inside the syringe, the external pressure acting on the marshmallow
becomes greater than the internal pressure within the marshmallow.
Consequently, the marshmallow expands or inflates slightly as a result of the pressure difference,
following to the increased volume inside the syringe.
SET-UP B

1. In Part One, what happens to the balloon when it is placed in the container with cold water and
transferred to the hot water inside the container? Explain.

- When the balloon is placed in the container filled with cold water and ice, the air inside the balloon
cools down. As air cools, its molecules lose energy and move more slowly.
This decrease in kinetic energy causes the air molecules to occupy less space, leading to a decrease
in volume. Consequently, the balloon shrinks or contracts due to the reduced volume of air inside.
When the container is transferred to hot water, the temperature of the air inside the balloon increases.
The air molecules gain kinetic energy and move more vigorously.
This increase in kinetic energy causes the air molecules to spread out and occupy more space,
resulting in an increase in volume. As a result, the balloon expands or inflates when transferred to the
hot water.

2. In Part Two, what happens to the balloon when it is placed in the container with hot/boiling water
and transferred to the cold water inside the container? Explain.

- When the balloon is placed in the container filled with hot or boiling water, the air inside the balloon
heats up. As air heats up, its molecules gain energy and move more rapidly.
This increase in kinetic energy causes the air molecules to spread out and occupy more space,
leading to an increase in volume. Consequently, the balloon expands or inflates due to the increased
volume of air inside. When the container is transferred to cold water, the temperature of the air inside
the balloon decreases. The air molecules lose kinetic energy and move more slowly.
This decrease in kinetic energy causes the air molecules to occupy less space, resulting in a
decrease in volume. As a result, the balloon shrinks when transferred to the cold water.

3. How does the temperature affect the size of a balloon?

-Temperature affects the size of a balloon through its impact on the volume of air inside.
When the temperature increases, the air molecules inside the balloon gain kinetic energy and move
more vigorously, leading to an increase in volume and expansion of the balloon.
Conversely, when the temperature decreases, the air molecules lose kinetic energy and move more
slowly, causing a decrease in volume and contraction of the balloon.