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(ANSWERS) DATE:-07.03.24
SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS (041) MAX. MARKS : 80
CLASS : XII DURATION: 3 HRS
General Instructions:
1. This Question paper contains - five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
However, there are internal choices in some questions.
2. Section A has 18 MCQ’s and 02 Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
3. Section B has 5 Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions of 2 marks each.
4. Section C has 6 Short Answer (SA)-type questions of 3 marks each.
5. Section D has 4 Long Answer (LA)-type questions of 5 marks each.
6. Section E has 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (4
marks each) with sub parts.
SECTION – A
Questions 1 to 20 carry 1 mark each.
1. If A and B are square matrices of order 3 such that |A| = 1 and |B| = 3, then the value of |3AB| is:
(a) 3 (b) 9 (c) 27 (d) 81
Ans: (d) 81
As AB is of order 3 and
|3AB| = 33|AB| = 27|A||B| = 27 × 1 × 3 = 81
k 3 4 3
2. For what value of k ∈ N, is .
4 k 0 1
(a) 4 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 0
Ans: (a) 4
k 3 4 3
Given,
4 k 0 1
⇒ k2 – 12 = 4 – 0 ⇒ k2 = 16 ⇒ k = ±4 ⇒k=4∈N
3. The area bounded by the shaded region as shown in the figure below is:
(a) 3/2 sq. units (b) 9/4 sq. units (c) 4 sq. units (d) 5/2 sq. units
Ans: (b) 9/4 sq. units
Page 1 of 18
4. If R is an equivalence relation defined in set A = {1, 2, 3 ….. 10} as R = {(a, b): |a – b| is a
multiple of 3}. The equivalence class of {1} is:
(a) {1} (b) {1, 2} (c) {1, 4, 10} (d) {1, 4, 7, 10}
Ans: (d) {1, 4, 7, 10}
For equivalence class {1}
(a, 1) ∈ R for a ∈ A
⇒ |a – 1| is a multiple of 3 ⇒ a – 1 = 3λ ⇒ a = 3λ + 1
a = 1, 4, 7, 10
∴ The equivalence class of {1} = {1, 4, 7, 10}
1
5. The value of x dx is:
e 1
(a) log ex + C (b) log|1 – e-x| + C
1
(c) log log x + C (d) log|ex – 1| + C
e
Ans: (b) log|1 – e-x| + C
6. The area bounded by the curve y = f(x), the y-axis, y = c and y = d is:
d b d b
(a) f ( x)dx (b) f ( x)dx (c) y.dx (d) y.dx
c a c a
d
Ans: (a) f ( x)dx
c
1 5
8. For the matrix A = , a symmetric matrix is:
6 7
1 7 1 5 5 1 5 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 6 5 2 6 7 5 2
Page 2 of 18
1 5
Ans: (b)
5 2
Applying R2 → R2 – R1
1 5
A
5 2
T
1 5 1 5
Now,
5 2 5 2
1 sin x dy
10. If y = tan 1 , then value of at x = π/6 is:
1 sin x dx
(a) 1/2 (b) −1/2 (c) 1 (d) -1
Ans: (b) −1/2
1 cos x
y tan 1
1 sin x
tan 1 2 tan 1 tan x
1 sin x 2 2
1 cos x
2
x dy 1
2 2 dx 2
1
11. The value of ( x [ x])dx is:
1
=0+1–0=1
x 1 2
13. If A = and A is the identity matrix, then x is equal to:
1 0
(a) 0 (b) -1 (c) 1 (d) 2
Page 3 of 18
Ans: (a) 0
1 2 4
14. The sum of cofactors of 7 and 12 in the determinant 5 7 8 is:
9 10 12
(a) -27 (b) -24 (c) -18 (d) 0
Ans: (a) -27
1
15. The value of sin cos 1 is:
2
(a) 1 (b) 1/√2 (c) 1/2 (d) √3/2
Ans: (d) √3/2
1 3
sin cos 1 sin
2 3 2
16. For any two vectors a and b if a b then the value of a.b is:
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) -1
Ans: (a) 0
a b | a || b | cos | a || b | cos 90 0
17. A dice is tossed thrice. The probability of getting an odd number at least once is: [1]
(a) 7/8 (b) 1/3 (c) 3/8 (d) 1/8
Ans: (a) 7/8
Required probability = 1 – Probability of getting no odd number
1 1 1 1 7
= 1 – = 1 –
2 2 2 8 8
2 2
dy d y
18. What is the sum of order and degree of the differential equation: 5 x 2 6 y log x
dx dx
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) not defined
Ans: (c) 3
Order = 2, Degree = 1. So, 2 + 1 = 3
Page 4 of 18
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
d xx x
20. Assertion (A): ( x ) x x x(1 2 log x )
dx
2 2 2
Reason (R): ( x ) x x e x e x log x
x x
SECTION – B
Questions 21 to 25 carry 2 marks each.
Page 5 of 18
OR
2
2 sin x
Find the value of log 2 sin x dx
2
Ans:
22. Find the angle between the vectors a iˆ ˆj k and b iˆ ˆj k .
Ans: Let θ be the angle between the given two vectors. then,
23. Find the value of λ and µ, if a b 0 , where a 2iˆ 6 ˆj 27k and b iˆ ˆj k .
Ans:
dy
24. Solve the differential equation: x y x2
dx
Ans:
Page 6 of 18
x2 1 1
25. Express tan 1 in the simplest form.
x
Ans:
OR
x
Write in the simplest form of tan 1
2 2
a x
Ans:
SECTION – C
Questions 26 to 31 carry 3 marks each.
26. Evaluate: 1 4x x 2 dx
Ans:
Page 7 of 18
OR
x sin x
Evaluate: 1 cos 2
dx
0
x
Ans:
dy
27. Solve the differential equation: ( x 1) 2e y 1 ; given y = 0 when x = 0.
dx
dy
Ans: Given differential equation is ( x 1) 2e y 1
dx
28. The random variable X can take only the values 0, 1, 2, 3. Given that:
P(X = 0) = P(X = 1) = P and P(X = 2) = P(X = 3) such that Pi xi2 2Pi xi , find the value of P.
Ans: Let P(X = 2) = P(X = 3) = a
1
pi 1 a 2 p
pi xi2 2 pi xi
0( p ) 1( p) 4(a) 9(a) 2(0( p) 1( p) 2(a ) 3(a ))
p 13a 2 p 10a
1 3
p 3 p p
2 8
Page 8 of 18
OR
1 1 1
A problem in Mathematics is given to three students whose chances of solving it are , , .
2 3 4
Find the probability that the problem is solved.
Ans: Let A, B, and C be the three students and P(A), P(B), P(C) be the probabilities of solving a
problem respectively.
P(A) = 1/2, P(B) = 1/3, P(C) = 1/4
P[problem will be solved at least by 1] = 1 P( A) P( B) P(C )
= 1 – [1 – P(A)] [1 – P(B)] [1 – P(C)]
1 2 3 1 3
=1– =1– =
2 3 4 4 4
x 2 y 1 z 3
29. Find the points on the line at a distance of 5 units from the point P(1, 3, 3).
3 2 2
x 2 y 1 z 3
Ans: Given, the equation of a line is: = λ (say)
3 2 2
⇒ x = 3λ – 2, y = 2λ – 1, z = 2λ + 3
So, we have a point on the line is:
Q(3λ – 2, 2λ – 1, 2λ + 3) …….(i)
Now, given that distance between two points P(1, 3, 3) and Q(3λ – 2, 2λ – 1, 2λ + 3) is 5 units
i.e. PQ = 5
⇒ [(3 2 1) 2 (2 1 3)2 (2 3 3) 2 ] 5
On Squaring both sides, we get
(3λ – 3)2 + (2λ – 4)2 + (2λ)2 = 25
⇒ 9λ2 + 9 – 18λ + 4λ2 + 16 – 16λ + 4λ2 = 25
⇒ 17λ2 – 34λ = 0
⇒ 17λ (λ – 2) = 0
Either 17λ = 0 or λ – 2 = 0
∴ λ = 0 or 2
On putting λ = 0 and λ = 2 in equation (i),
we get the required point as (-2, -1, 3) or (4, 3, 7)
30. Let R be a relation on the set A of ordered pairs of positive integers defined as (x, y) R(u, v) if
and only if xv = yu. Show that, R is an equivalence relation. [3]
Ans: Clearly, (x, y) S(u, v) for all (x, y) ∈ A,
since xy = yx for all positive integers x and y.
This show that S is reflexive.
Further, (x, y) S(u, v)
⇒ xv = yu ⇒ uy = vx ⇒ (u, v) S(x, y)
and hence (u, v) S(x, y)
This shows that S is symmetric.
Suppose, (x, y) S(u, v) and (u, v) S(a, b)
So, xv = yu and ub = va
a u b a a b
⇒ xv yu ⇒ xv yu [∵ ub = va ⇒ ]
u u v u u v
⇒ xb = ya
⇒ (x, y) S(a, b)
This shows that S is transitive.
Hence, S is an equivalence relation.
Page 9 of 18
dy b
31. If x = a sin 2t (1 + cos 2t) and y = b cos 2t (1 – cos 2t) show that
dx t a
4
Ans: Given that x = a sin2t (1 + cos2t) and y = b cos2t(1 – cos2t)
dx
= a[cos2t × 2(1 + cos2t) + sin2t(-sin2t) × 2]
dt
= 2a[cos2t (1 + cos2t) – sin 2t]
= 2a[cos2t + cos22t – sin22t) = 2a(cos2t + cos4t)
dy
= b[-sin2t × 2(1 – cos2t) + cos2t(2 × sin2t)
dt
= 2b[-sin2t + 2sin2t cos2t) = 2b(sin4t – sin2t)
OR
Find the derivative of the function given by f(x) = (1 + x)(1 + x2)(1 + x4)(1 + x8) and hence find
f'(1).
Ans:
SECTION – D
Questions 32 to 35 carry 5 marks each.
1 1 0 2 2 4
32. Given A = 2 3 4 and B = 4 2 4 , verify that BA = 6I, how can we use the result
0 1 2 2 1 5
to find the values of x, y, z from given equations x – y = 3, 2x + 3y + 4z = 17, y + 2z = 17
1 1 0 2 2 4
Ans: We have A = 2 3 4 and B = 4 2 4
0 1 2 2 1 5
Page 10 of 18
1 1 0 2 2 4 2 4 0 2 2 0 4 4 0
Now, AB 2 3 4 4 2 4 4 12 8 4 6 4 8 12 20
0 1 2 2 1 5 0 4 4 0 2 2 0 4 10
6 0 0 1 0 0
0 6 0 6 0
1 0
0 0 6 0 0 1
1
AB 61 A 1 B
6
2 2 4
1
A 4 2 4
1
6
2 1 5
The given system of linear equations can be written in matrix form as AX = B, where
1 1 0 x 3
A 2 3 4 , X y , B 17
0 1 2 z 7
X A 1 B
2 2 4 3 2 3 2 17 4 7
1 1
X 4 2 4 17 X 4 3 2 17 4 7
6 6
2 1 5 7 2 3 117 5 7
x 2
y 1 x 2, y 1, z 4
z 4
OR
2 3 5
If A = 3 2 4 ,find A-1. How we can use A-1 to find x, y, z for the following system of
1 1 2
equations: 2x − 3y + 5z = 11, 3x + 2y − 4z = 5, x + y − 2z = 3
Ans: Given system of equations
2x − 3y + 5z = 11
3x + 2y − 4z = 5
x + y − 2z = 3
2 3 5 x 11
This can be written as AX = B where A 3 2 4 , X y , B 5
1 1 2 z 3
Here, | A | 2(4 4) 3(6 4) 5(3 2) | A | 6 5 1
Since, ∣A∣ ≠ 0
Hence, the system of equations is consistent and has a unique solution given by X A 1 B
adjA
A1 and adjA = CT
| A|
2 4
C11 (1)11 C11 4 4 0
1 2
3 4
C12 (1)1 2 C12 (6 4) 2
1 2
Page 11 of 18
3 2
C13 (1)13 C13 3 2 1
1 1
3 5
C21 (1)2 1 C 21 (6 5) 1
1 2
2 5
C22 (1)2 2 C 22 4 5 9
1 2
2 3
C23 (1)2 3 C23 (2 3) 5
1 1
3 5
C31 (1)31 C31 12 10 2
2 4
2 5
C32 (1)3 2 C32 (8 15) 23
3 4
2 3
C33 (1)33 C33 4 9 13
3 2
0 2 1 0 1 2
Hence, the co-factor matrix is C 1 9 5 adjA C 2 9 23
T
2 23 13 1 5 13
0 1 2 0 1 2
adjA 1
A 1
2 9 23 A 2 9 23
1
| A | 1
1 5 13 1 5 13
x 0 1 2 11
Solution is given by y 2 9 23 5
z 1 5 13 3
x 56 x 8 x 1
1
y 22 45 69 y 4 y 46
4
z 11 25 39 z 12 z 25
Hence, x = −1,y = −46,z = −25
33. A tank with a rectangular base and rectangular sides, open at the top is to be constructed so that
its depth is 2 m and volume is 8 cu m. If the building of the tank costs ₹ 70 per sq meter for the
base and ₹ 45 per sq meter for the sides, what is the cost of the least expensive tank?
Ans: Let x and y be the length and breadth of the rectangular base of the open tank.
Then, the volume (V) and the surface area (S) of the tank are given by,
V = 2xy; S = xy + 2(2x + 2y)
⇒ 2xy = 8 ⇒ xy = 4 (∵ V = 8 cu. m)
4
and S = 4 4 x ……(i)
x
dS 4 d 2 S 32
Now, 4 1 2 2 3
dx x dx x
dS 4
Equating to 0, we have, 4 1 2 0 ⇒ x2 = 4 ⇒ x = 2
dx x
2
d S 32
At x = 2, =4>0
dx 2 8
So, S is the least when x = 2
Page 12 of 18
Now, when x = 2, y = 2 (∵ xy = 4)
Thus, area of the base = xy = 4 m2
⇒ cost of the base = ₹ 280
and Area of four walls = 4(x + y) = 16
⇒ cost of walls = ₹ 720
⇒ Total cost of the tank = (₹ 280 + ₹ 720) = ₹ 1000
OR
x2 y2
Find the area of the greatest rectangle that can be inscribed in an ellipse 1.
a2 b2
x2 y2
Ans: Let ABCD be a rectangle having area A inscribed in an ellipse 2 2 1 …..(i)
a b
The area A of the rectangle is 4xy i.e. A = 4xy which gives A2 = 16x2y2 = s (say)
34. Using integration, find the area of a ΔPQR, the coordinates of vertices being P(1, 6), Q(2, 8), and
R(3, 4).
Ans: On plotting the points P(1, 6), Q(2, 8), and R(3, 4), we notice, we have to find the shaded
area.
Page 13 of 18
∴ ar(PQR) = ar(∠PQM) + ar(MQRN) – ar(∠PRN) ……..(i)
For ar(∠PQM): Curve PQ, x-axis between x = 1 and x = 2
86
Equation of PQ: y – 6 = (x – 1)
2 1
⇒ y – 6 = 2(x – 1)
⇒ y = 2x + 4
2
∴ ar(∠PQM) = (2 x 4)dx = [ x 2 4 x ]12 = (4 + 8) – (1 + 4) = 7 ……(ii)
1
For ar(MQRN): Curve QR, x-axis between x = 2 and x = 3
48
Equation of QR: y – 8 = (x – 2)
3 2
⇒ y – 8 = -4(x – 2)
⇒ y = -4x + 16
3
∴ ar(MQRN) = (4 x 16)dx = [2 x 2 16 x]02 = (-18 + 48) – (-8 + 32)
2
= 30 – 24 = 6 …….(iii)
For ar(LPRN): curve PR: x-axis between x = 1 and x = 3
46
Equation of PR: y – 6 = (x – 1) ⇒ y – 6 = -(x – 1)
3 1
⇒ y = -x + 7
3 2
x2 9 1 33 13
∴ ar(∠PRN) = ( x 7)dx = 7 x = 21 7 =
1 2 1 2 2 2 2
= 10 Sq. units …..(iv)
Substituting from (ii), (iii), (iv) in (i), we get
ar(ΔPQR) = 7 + 6 – 10 = 3 Sq. units
35. Find the shortest distance between the lines r (4i j ) (i 2 j 3k ) and
r (i j 2k ) (2i 4 j 5k )
Ans:
Page 14 of 18
SECTION – E(Case Study Based Questions)
Questions 36 to 38 carry 4 marks each.
36. Case-Study 1:
Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
Let R be the feasible region of a linear programming problem and let Z = ax + by be the
objective function. When Z has an optimal value (max. or min.), when the variable x and y are
subject to constraints described by linear inequalities, this optimal value occurs at the corner
point (vertex) of the feasible region.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) What is an objective function of LPP? [1]
(ii) In solving an LPP “minimize f = 6x + 10y subject to constraints x ≥ 6, y ≥ 2, 2x + y ≥ 10, x ≥
0, y ≥ 0” which among is redundant constraint? [1]
(iii) The feasible region for an LPP is shown in the figure. Let Z = 3x – 4y, be the objective
function. Then, at which point minimum of Z occurs? [2]
OR
The feasible region for an LPP is shown shaded in the figure. Let F = 3x – 4y be the objective
function. Then, what is the maximum value of F. [2]
Ans: (i) Objective function is a linear function whose maximum or minimum values is to be
found.
(ii) When x ≥ 6 and y ≥ 2, then
2x + y ≥ 2 × 6 + 2
i.e., 2x + y ≥ 14
Hence, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0, and 2x + y ≥ 10 are automatically satisfied by every point of the region.
Hence, answer is 2x + y ≥ 10, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
(iii) Minimum of z = -32 at (0, 8)
Corner Point z = 3x – 4y
(0, 0) 0
(5, 0) 3 x 5 – 4 x 0 = 15
(6, 5) 3 x 6 – 4 x 5 = -2
(6, 8) 3 x 6 – 4 x 8 = -14
(4, 10) 3 x 4 – 4 x 10 = -28
(0, 8) 3 x 0 – 4 x 8 = -32
Page 15 of 18
OR
Maximum of z = 0 at (0, 0)
Corner Point F = 3x – 4y
(0, 0) 0
(6,12) 3 x 6 – 4 x 12 = -30
(6, 16) 3 x 6 – 4 x 16 = -46
(0, 4) 3 x 0 – 4 x 4 = -16
37. Case-Study 2:
As we know good planning can save energy, time, and money. A farmer wants to construct a
circular well and a square garden in his field. He wants to keep their perimeters 600 m.
Page 16 of 18
38. Case-Study 3:
Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
In a town, it’s rainy one-third of the day. Given that it is rainy, there will be heavy traffic with
probability 1/2. Given that it is not rainy, there will be heavy traffic with probability 1/4. If it’s
rainy and there is heavy traffic, I arrive late for work with probability 1/2. On the other hand, the
probability of being late is reduced to 1/8 if it, is not rainy and there is no heavy traffic. In other
situations (rainy and no heavy traffic, net rainy and heavy traffic), the probability of being late is
1/4. You pick a random day.
Page 17 of 18
1 1 1 1 11
12 24 24 16 48
R P( R L)
(iii) P
L P ( L)
Now, P(R ∩ L) = Sum of probabilities in which R and L are common
1 1 3 1 11
and P( L)
12 24 24 8 48
1
R
P ( R L ) 1 48 6
P 8
L P( L) 11 8 11 11
48
OR
Given, P(A') = 0.7 and P(B') = 0.7 and P(B/A) = 0.5
Clearly, P(A) = 1 – P(A') = 1 – 0.7 = 0.3
B P( A B) P( A B)
Now, P 0.5 P( A B) 0.15
A P( A) 0.3
A P( A B) 0.15 3
P
B P( B) 0.7 14
Page 18 of 18