UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA

Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna

College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

PROPOSED
SPECIALIZED
SCHOOL

Anido, Jasper John E.

BS Architecture - 2ND Year

ARC 221 - E2R

 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

I. ABSTRACT

The proposed project missed out on the concept or theme but focused on catering
students with education challenges. Designed, staffed, and have the resources to provide the
right support for children with unique needs. It is designed to meet the special needs of
specific student groups. The purpose of the project is to ensure that children are safe and
cared for, meet their social and emotional needs, are supported and receive the support they
need to achieve their true academic achievement.

II. DESIGN PHILOSOPHY

ARCHITECT’S PHILOSOPHY

“The mother art is Architecture. Without an architecture of our own, we have no soul of
our own civilization.”

- Ar. Frank Lloyd Wright

DERIVED PHILOSOPHY

“Such architectural styles are made and improved through the years, where there are times
some may forgot their origin style just for modernity. Local style and design must be
preserved and appreciated.”
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

III. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Specialized Special Education Schools

Specialized special education schools provide comprehensive special education services for
students with disabilities. Many are created around students within certain disability groups,
for example, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), or with special learning, behavioral, or
emotional needs. For students on the autism spectrum, a specialized school may provide a
more structured environment and may offer the opportunity to work on academic, behavioral,
and social goals throughout the day in a coordinated and integrated way that might not be
possible in a typical school. Specialized schools are generally much smaller than public
schools, may have a higher ratio of teachers to students, and teachers and staff, as a whole,
may have more experience with students with disabilities than their counterparts in public
school. Additionally, some students, particularly those who experience self-esteem issues,
may benefit from attending a school where all students have unique needs.

Special education

Special education is for students who have challenges or disabilities that can interfere with
their learning. Normally, students who meet this criterion have needs that can’t be met in a
regular classroom. Learning environments, teaching approaches, and curricula may need to
be adapted to support them. This tailored approach isn’t normally offered in general
education. Not every student is entitled to a special education, though. To qualify, your child
must have an identifiable disability. And this disability must interfere with their school
performance.
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

Special Needs Schools And Programs

Special needs schools are different from regular schools in that they cater to students with
education challenges. They are designed, staffed, and have the resources to provide the right
support for children with unique needs. These schools aim to level the playing field. They offer
students targeted support to allow them to meet age-appropriate educational goals. They
don’t have a “one-size-fits-all” approach to education. Instead, they offer customized
programming to meet each student’s unique combination of needs. This includes not just
learning, but also social and emotional needs. Special needs schools and programs offer a
wide range of approaches and services to meet this goal. For
instance, they may offer:

 Individualized education

 Small classes

 Low teacher-to-student ratios

 Specially trained teachers

 Self-contained classrooms

 Resource rooms

 Tutoring programs

 Academic and psychological counselling

 Learning aids
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE
The architecture of the Philippines (Filipino: Arkitekturang Pilipino, Spanish: Arquitectura
Filipina) is a reflection of the country’s historical and cultural heritage. Most prominent historic
structures in the archipelago are based on a mix of indigenous Austronesian, Chinese, Malay,
American, and Spanish influences.

During three hundred thirty years of the colonization of Spain Spanish colonialization, the
Philippine architecture was dominated by the Spanish influences. The Augustinian friars,
along with other religious orders, built a large number of grand churches and cathedrals all
over the Philippine Islands. During this period the traditional Filipino Bahay na bató (Filipino
for “stone house”) style for the large houses emerged. These were large houses built of stone
and wood combining Filipino, Spanish and Chinese style elements.

House structures

Bahay Kubo

Houses were built in a more or less similar manner, in the same way that the settlements
were built beside rivers and streams. The houses were built near rice fields and coconut
groves and orchards. The houses on posts raised above the ground. The rooms were small,
and generally,with a single multipurpose room, having only the cooking space differentiated
among the areas in the houses. There is a particular architectural piece called ‘batalan’ that is
often situated in the rear part of the house, and is utilized for domestic work like washing,
bathing, water storage, etc. The houses were made of raw material like wood and bamboo.
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

Tree houses or houses built on trunk of trees rooted to the grounds were seen as an
advantageous position.

The bahay kubo is the term for huts built out of nipa. These types of edifices were
characteristic of the way that indigenous people of the Philippines built homes prior to the
arrival of the Spanish colonizers. They are still in use today, especially in rural areas. Different
architectural designs are present among the different ethnolinguistic groups in the country,
although most homes built along the shorelines conform to being stilt houses, similar to those
found in neighboring countries of Southeast Asia.

Bahay na bato

The arrival of the Spaniards in 1571 brought in European colonial architecture to the
Philippines. Though not specifically suited for the hot tropics, European architecture was
transposed via Acapulco, Mexico into a uniquely Filipino style.
The bahay na bato was constructed out of brick and stone rather than the traditional bamboo,
timbre and other wooden materials that elevates the house. It is a mixture of native Filipino,
Spanish and Chinese influences. During the 19th century, wealthy Filipinos built some fine
houses, usually with solid stone foundations or brick lower walls, and overhanging, wooden
upper story with balustrades and capiz shell sliding windows, and a tiled roof. Excellent
preserved examples of these houses of the illustrious Filipinos can be admired in Vigan,
Ilocos Sur. Preserved examples of “bahay na bato” are also found in Taal, Batangas and
Boac, Marinduque in southern Luzon, Iloilo, Iloilo and Carcar, Cebu in the Visayas, and
Dapitan, Zamboanga del Norte.

Religious Structures
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

Churches

The order of the Augustinians, Augustinian Province of the Most Holy Name of Jesus of the
Philippines, built many churches all over the Philippines. These magnificent structures can
still be found throughout the Philippine Islands.The Paoay Church in Ilocos Norte is one of the
most prominent types of these churches. This unique specimen of Filipino architecture called
Filipino Baroque from the Spanish era has been included in the World Heritage Sites List of
the UNESCO. The church was built by the Augustinian friars from 1694 until 1710. It shows
the earthquake-proof baroque style architecture. The bell tower served as an observation post
in 1896 for the Katipuneros during the Philippine revolution against the Spaniards, and again
by the Filipino guerillas during the Japanese occupation in World War II.

Mosques

Prior to the usage of the common Islamic mosque architecture, which can also be seen in
Arabia and modern architecture, the vernacular mosques of the Philippines used to be the
hut-style and the pagoda-style, which were very common until the late 19th century. Most of
the mosques in the Philippines today have common Islamic architectures imported from
Arabia merged with modern style, though some vernacular pagoda-style mosques can still be
seen in Mindanao such as the Masjid Datu Untong Balabaran of Taviran in Datu Odin Sinsuat,
Maguindanao. There have been proposals to put the Heritage Mosques of the Philippines into
the Philippine tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage Site declaration in the future. The
proposals made were to input the historic mosques of the Philippines (mosque in Simunul), to
input the vernacular mosques of the Philippines (langga/rangga-style and pagoda-style
mosques), or to combine both and input them in the tentative list of UNESCO.

Fortifications
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

The architecture of the early Filipinos reflects the skills that were used at the time of
war and on the battlefield. Due to the creation of various thalassocratic states within the
archipelago, trade began to flourish. Neighboring states would often wage war for territory
and trade rights in certain areas, which ultimately led to the fortification of villages and towns.
Another reason for the development of these fortification skills was the necessity of projecting
prestige and intimidation; leaders, mainly Datus, Rajahs, and Lakans, as they were called,
often built forts and fortifications to intimidate other leaders in their area. During the colonial
era, Fortification was used against invading Chinese and Moro Pirates, as well as Dutch and
British Invaders.

The kota

With the arrival of Indianized and Muslim scholars from nearby Indonesia, the native
Filipinos were introduced to the concept of the kota or the fort. The Muslim Filipinos of the
south built strong fortresses called kota or moong to protect their communities. Usually, entire
families occupies the kotas, rather than just warriors. The kota served not only as a military
installation, but also as a palace for the local lord, who often had their own kotas to assert
their right to rule.. It is said that at the height of the Maguindanao Sultanate’s power, they
blanketed the areas around Western Mindanao with kotas and other types of fortifications to
block the Spanish advance into the region.

The kota were usually made of stone and bamboo, or other light materials, and surrounded by
trench networks. As a result, some of these kotas were burned easily or destroyed. With
further Spanish campaigns in the region, the Sultanate was subdued and majority of kota
were dismantled or destroyed. Kota were used by the Muslims as defense against Spaniards
and other foreigners, and also saw use by renegades and rebels who built fortifications in
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

defiance of other chiefs in the area. During the American occupation, rebels built strongholds
and the datus, rajahs or sultans often built and reinforced their kotas in a desperate bid to
maintain rule over their subjects and their land. Many of these forts were destroyed by
American expeditions, and as a result, very few kota still stand to this day.

Heritage Towns and Cities

The Philippines is home to numerous heritage towns and cities, many of which have
been intentionally destroyed by the Japanese through fire tactics in World War II and the
Americans through bombings during the same war. After the war, the government of the
Empire of Japan withheld from giving funds to the Philippines for the restoration of the
heritage towns they destroyed, effectively destroying any chances of restoration since the
pre-war Philippines’ economy was devastated and had limited monetary supply. On the other
hand, the United States gave minimal funding for only two of the hundreds of cities they
destroyed, namely, Manila and Baguio. Today, only the centres (poblacion or downtown
areas) of Filipino heritage towns and cities remain in most of the expansive heritage cities and
towns in the country. Yet, some heritage cities in their former glory prior to the war still exist,
such as the UNESCO city of Vigan which was the only heritage town saved from American
bombing and Japanese fire and kamikaze tactics. The country currently lacks a city/town-
singular architectural style law. Due to this, unaesthetic cement or shanty structures have
taken over heritage buildings annually, destroying many former heritage townscapes. Some
heritage buildings have been demolished or sold to corporations, and have been replaced by
commercial structures such as shopping centers, condominium units, or newly furnished
modern-style buildings, completely destroying the old aesthetics of many former heritage
towns and cities. This is one of the reasons why UNESCO has repeatedly withheld from
inscribing further Filipino heritage towns in the World Heritage List since 1999. Only the
heritage city of Vigan has a town law that guarantees its singular architecture (the Vigan
colonial style) shall always be used in constructions and reconstructions. While Silay, Iloilo
City, and San Fernando de Pampanga have ordinances giving certain tax exemptions to
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

owners of heritage houses. In 2010, the Philippine Cultural Heritage Act passed into law,
effectively giving protections to all cultural heritage properties of the Philippines.

IV. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A. Main Problem

B. Specific Problem

V. Objectives of the Study

The study aims to execute the given problem and manipulate a dependable design of
the required building in a suitable and architectural manner, with the help of the National
Building Code of the Philippines, the Fire Code of the Philippines, and other laws that pertain
to architectural design. One of the objectives is to adapt what has been learned in earlier
research regarding plumbing and sanitary systems to Building Utilities, Building Technology,
and City Premises provision and regulation.
The research aims to :
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

 Follow the clients grants and/or give better design opportunities.

 To accomplish the study without any disregardment from the client.
 Make a design that satisfies the client’s taste.

VI. Significant of the Study

This research was conducted with benefits to the following:

Students: The student will be benefited to this study for them to appreciate and observe a
vacation house based on the design.

Designers/ Architects. Designers will likewise benefited from this research, it will provide
ideas for them to create a new design of a Vacation House.

Future Researchers. This research will serve as a reference in conducting similar study in
the future with the purpose of further improvement or modification to come up with the new
research.
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

VII. Conceptual Framework

A. Data Banking
SPACES REQUIRED
QTY SPECIFIC SPACES
GROUND FLOOR:
2 Toilet
1 Assembly
1 Ofiice
1 Clinic
1 Storage
1 Kitchen
1 Cafeteria
1 Playground
1 Parking Area
SECOND FLOOR:
2 Classroom
1 Library
1 Faculty
THIRD FLOOR:
2 Classroom
1 Sensory Room
1 Conference Room
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

VIII. DRAWINGS

IX. APPENDICES

Specialized special education schools provide comprehensive special education services

for students with disabilities.
 UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM LAGUNA
Sto. Niño, City of Biñan, Laguna
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Aviation
Contact No. (632) 520-8290 local 3006/ (0091763) 92289

A special need is a challenge that interferes with one’s learning. It requires support that goes
beyond the norm.

Vernacular architecture is an architectural style that is designed based on. local needs,
availability of construction materials and reflecting local. traditions.