GUIDE FOR

FIRE PROTECTION AND

DETECTION SYSTEMS
DESIGN & INSTALLATION
ADEQUACY ASSESSMENT

Prepared by: Mehboob Shaikh

M Tech. || B.Eng. || CFPS || CFI || AMIE
 CONTENT
1. Introduction:
• Purpose and objectives of the assessment report
• Scope and limitations of the assessment
• Description of the facility or building under evaluation

2. Executive Summary:
• Brief overview of the findings and conclusions of the assessment
• Highlight any major issues or concerns identified
• Recommendations for improving fire protection design adequacy

3. Regulatory Compliance:
• Review of applicable fire codes, standards, and regulations
• Evaluation of the facility's compliance with relevant requirements
• Identification of any areas where compliance is lacking

4. Fire Protection Systems:

• Description and assessment of various fire protection systems in place, including:
o Fire alarm systems
o Sprinkler systems
o Fire suppression systems (e.g., gas-based, foam-based)
o Smoke control systems
o Fire extinguishers
• Evaluation of the design, installation, and maintenance of these systems
• Performance assessment of the systems in simulated scenarios or historical incidents

5. Building Construction and Layout:

• Assessment of the building's structural fire resistance
• Evaluation of compartmentation and fire-rated barriers
• Review of egress routes, exits, and signage0
• Identification of any deficiencies or obstacles that hinder safe evacuation

6. Emergency Response Planning:

• Review of emergency response plans and procedures
• Assessment of training programs and drills conducted
• Evaluation of communication systems and protocols
• Identification of gaps or areas for improvement in emergency preparedness
7. Fire Safety Management:
• Examination of the facility's fire safety management practices
• Review of documentation, records, and inspections
• Assessment of fire safety responsibilities and accountability
• Identification of any deficiencies in fire safety management practices

8. Findings and Recommendations:

• Detailed description of findings, including both strengths and weaknesses
• Prioritization of identified issues based on their severity or potential impact
• Recommendations for corrective actions and improvements
• Suggestions for implementing best practices and enhancing fire protection design
adequacy

9. Conclusion:
• Summary of the assessment findings
• Emphasis on the importance of continuous monitoring, maintenance, and improvement
of fire protection systems
• Closing remarks and acknowledgment of stakeholders involved in the assessment

10. Appendices:
• Supporting documentation, such as diagrams, drawings, test reports, and photographs
• References to relevant codes, standards, and regulations
 4. FLS Assessment
5. Building Construction and
Layout
No. Findings/ Observations Recommendation Code/Std. Status
Refer.
Category- A Construction and Compartmentation
Location All
1 They must be securely fastened to the assembly that
is being penetrated. In addition, the space between
the sleeve and the assembly and between the sleeve
and the penetrating item must be appropriately
protected.

2 Openings shall be closed with a listed fire sealant.

Penetrations through fire barriers or floors and
ceilings such as fire dampers, cable trays, piping,
cabling, etc., shall be provided with penetration seals
(Firestops), or other approved means having a fire
protection rating consistent with the designated fire
resistance rating of the barrier. Fire sealants shall be
applied as per the manufacturer’s recommendation
and shall be inspected and approved by
manufacturer’s representatives.
3 Openings through floors shall be enclosed with fire
barrier walls, shall be continuous from floor to floor
or floor to roof, and shall be protected as appropriate
for the fire resistance rating of the barrier
4 All the door frames shall be installed in such a way
that they'll provide a specific degree of fire
protection, according to the room or area they serve.

5 Openings are not allowed in vertical shafts,

stairways, services refuse chutes. Fire exit stairways
in a structure is a special exit for emergencies such as
a fire: the combined use of regular and special exits
allows for faster evacuation. All the openings shall be
closed with1- 2-hr. fire rated material to maintain the
fire compartmentation/separation between the
vertical shafts / other spaces and the exit stairways

6 Fire doors used to protect the means of egress shall

be self-closing or automatic closing
7 Fire dampers shall be provided in penetrations where
the projected fire exposure is judged sufficient to
jeopardize the required separation because of the
duct penetration.
 Windows are not permitted in walls and partitions
that are identified as having a fire protection rating
of 2 hours

Category- B Means of Egress

Location All
Additional Info
1 The minimum Number of Exit shall be provided on
the basis of determine Occupand load

2 The manual release device shall be readily accessible

and clearly identified by a sign that reads as follows:
Push to exit / Push bar to open.

3 Stairs and ramps shall have handrails on both sides

4 Activation of building automatic sprinkler system or

fire detection system if provided shall automatically
unlock the door

5 Where changes in the elevation is more than 300 mm

are encountered in the exit, ramps or sloped surface
shall be used with the handrails and floors finish
material that contrast with the adjucent finish
materials

6 Exit doors ways shall be operable from the side which

they serve.

7 Min. widith for A5 occupancies shall be 1.5 Mtr.

8 The min. Headroom the exit acess shall be

maintained as 2200 mm
9 Means of egress shall be continuously maintained
free of all obstructions or impediments to full instant
use in the case of fire or other emergency. Fire hose
reel cabinet door shall be modified or relocated to
ensure that clear means of egress is maintained
during all the conditions.
10 Every Exit door shall open into an enclosed stairway
or horizontal exit of a corridor or passageway
providing contineous and protected means of egress
11 Exit access corridors of guest rooms shall be provided
with 60 min fire resistance rating wall and 20 Min.
self closing fire door along with the fire sealant
penetration.

Category- C Fire Detection & Alarm System

Location All
Additional Info
1 Location of FACP shall confirm with approved
drawing.
2 I. Two or more portable handsets, as
determined by the authority having
jurisdiction, shall be stored at each control
center for use by emergency responders.

II. If the control equipment provided does not

indicate the location of the caller (common
talk systems), each telephone station or
telephone jack shall be clearly and
permanently labeled to allow the caller to
identify his or her location to the control
center by voice.
3 total coverage shall include all rooms, halls, storage
areas, basements, attics, lofts, spaces above
suspended ceilings, and other subdivisions and
accessible spaces, as well as the inside of all closets,
elevator shafts, enclosed stairways, dumbwaiter
shafts, and chutes.
4 Detectors shall be provided for suspended ceilings
which are 800mm and more from the ceiling level.
Also, where inaccessible areas contain combustible
material, they shall be made accessible and shall be
protected by a detector.
5 Fire alarm panel shall be provided with an
identification sign board in a visible location in both
Arabic & English languages. Engraved nameplates for
fire alarm control panels and power supply panels.
The plate shall contain: the equipment identification,
the building or area served.
6 Zone chart shall be permanently marked / fixed near
to the fire alarm control panel.

7 Computer-generated adhesive labels indicating the

device address/loop or circuit number shall be
installed on all the initiating device, remote
annunciators & notification appliances. The labels
must be legible from a standing position below.
Engraved nameplates for fire alarm control panels
and power supply panels. The plate shall contain: the
equipment identification, the building or area served.
8 Detectors painted shall be replaced to retain its
characteristics / functionality.
9 Detector’s total coverage shall include all rooms,
halls, storage areas, basements, attics, lofts, spaces
above suspended ceilings, and other subdivisions and
accessible spaces, as well as the inside of all closets,
elevator shafts, enclosed stairways, dumbwaiter
shafts, and chutes.
10 Heat detectors shall be installed in all areas where
required by other governing laws, codes, or
standards or by other parts of this code. The selection
and placement of heat detectors shall be taken into
account, both the performance characteristics of the
detector and the areas into which the detectors are
to be installed to prevent nuisance and unintentional
alarms or improper operation after installation.
11 Spot-type smoke detectors shall be located on the
ceiling not less than 100 mm from a sidewall to the
near edge or, if on a sidewall, between 100mm and
300 mm down from the ceiling to the top of the
detector.
12 I. On smooth ceilings, spacing for spot-type
smoke detectors, in the absence of
performance-based design criteria, shall be
permitted to be located using not more than
9.1 m spacing

II. For smooth ceilings, all points on the ceiling

shall have a detector within a distance equal
to 0.7 times the selected spacing.
13 Buildings shall be divided into a number of detection
zones for easy recognition and short search time.
Single open, short circuit or ground in one detection
zone shall not affect the operation of other zones.
14 Two separate and distinct signals shall be initiated for
control valve supervisory signal- initiating device and
pressure control valve supervisory signal- initiating
device.
15 Heat detection system shall be provided for
Transformers and Fire Pump Room.
16 For batteries, tightness of connections, corrosion or
leakage shall be verified and if corrosion or leakage is
observed, the battery cell/unit shall be replaced
17 Where a circuit breaker is the disconnecting means,
approved breaker locking device shall be
installed
Category- D Standpipe System
Location All
Additional Info
1 Fire hose cabinets with its corresponding material
description (fire hose reel, fire extinguishers, landing
valve) shall be identified. Signs shall be clear &
permanently marked.

2 A listed pressure gauge having a minimum face

diameter of 31⁄2 in. (90 mm) shall be connected to
each discharge pipe from the fire pump and the
public waterworks, at the pressure tank, at each main
drain connection, at the air pump supplying the
pressure tank, and at the top of each standpipe.
3 it is recommended to provide a fire hose and nozzle
for all the landing valves, and they shall be located in
the nearby fire hose reel cabinets.

4 The landing valve shall be installed at a height of not

less than 900 mm and not more than 1200 mm from
the finished floor level while the fire hose reel or Fire
hose rack shall be installed at a height of not less than
1200 mm and not more than 1500 mm from the
finished floor level.

5 Each wet riser shall be provided with drain

arrangements having not less than 50 mm dia on
downstream side of riser isolation valve and
wherever the riser pipe changes its direction which
leaves water trapped in that sections
6 Supervised control valve shall be installed on each
riser in order to isolate the corresponding riser for
repair & maintenance purposes.
7 Client shall provide an operating procedure based on
the operating instructions provided by the
manufacturer and installer, which covers, in
particular, all necessary safety information on the fire
hose reels.
8 All the isolation and section control valves installed
shall be of supervised O.S. & Y gate valve or
supervised butterfly valves installed with a tamper or
supervisory switch connected to the building fire
alarm system for monitoring or secured in open
position by a padlock.
9 Fire hose reel cabinets shall be conspicuous,
unobstructed and accessible. Identification signs in a
contrasting object (preferably reflective) that is
visible at night shall be installed where cabinets are
not in direct sight.
10 Support of system piping shall be in accordance with
NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler
Systems.

Category- E Sprinkler System

Location All
Additional Info
1 I. Protective caps and straps shall be removed
from all sprinklers prior to the time when the
sprinkler system is placed in service.
II. Protective caps and straps shall be removed
from all sprinklers or on any sprinklers
installed more than 10 ft (3 m) above the
floor shall be permitted to be removed from
sprinklers immediately following their
installation.
2 I. Supervised Butterfly valve, fitted with an
indicator showing “OPEN” and “CLOSE”
positions, and complete with padlocked
securing straps. The valve shall be mounted
on the upstream side of the flow switch.
II. Water flow alarm switch having paddle type
water flow detector suitable for the size of
the pipe in which it is installed shall be fixed
after the butterfly valve, on the main supply
pipe and before any sprinkler connection is
taken off.
III. Inspector test and drain connections having
not less than 25 mm diameter shall be
installed on downstream side of flow switch.

3 Zone control valves identified

4 I. Dial pressure gauges suitable for the water

pressures shall be fitted so arranged that it
can be easily removed for testing and
checking without shutting down the water
supply.
II. A pressure gauge shall be installed between
butterfly valve and water flow switch
6 I. If the ceiling temperature ranges 0°C to 38
°C, then the required operating temperature
of the sprinkler shall be 68-degree quick
response QB type
II. If the ceiling temperature ranges 38°C to 66
°C, then the required operating temperature
of the sprinkler shall be 79 or 93-degree
standard response QB type
III. All the incorrect sprinklers shall be replaced
as per the above-stated requirement

7 An automatic air release valve shall be installed at the

topmost point of each riser with an isolation ball
valve
8 An approved pressure gauge shall be installed on
bottom & top of each sprinkler riser with a control
valve (gauge cock) having drain arrangement.
9 All the isolation and section control valves installed
shall be of supervised O.S. & Y gate valve or
supervised butterfly valves installed with a tamper or
supervisory switch connected to the building fire
alarm system for monitoring or secured in open
position by a padlock.
10 I. Sprinklers shall be installed under fixed
obstructions over 800 mm wide such as
ducts, cable trays, decks, open grate
floorings, etc.
II. Sprinklers shall be located so as to minimize
obstructions to discharge or additional
sprinklers shall be provided to ensure
adequate coverage of the hazard.
11 Sprinklers shall be provided for suspended ceilings
which are 800mm and more from the ceiling level.
Spacing and sizing of the sprinklers shall be as per
code requirements
12 I. The distance between upright sprinkler
deflector to the ceiling shall be not less
25mm and shall be not more than 300 mm.
II. Where situation does not permit to locate the
sprinkler head within 300mm from the
ceiling and exceeds 300mm, shall be fitted
with a deflector plate made of stainless-steel
having diameter not less 200mm shall be
installed attaching to the deflector.

13 Concealed type sprinklers shall be installed in a

manner that the deflector shall be at least 5 mm to
10mm from the false ceiling cutout in order not to
obstruct the discharge pattern of the sprinkler
14 Where sprinklers have had, paint applied by other
than the sprinkler manufacturer, they shall be
replaced with new, listed sprinklers of the same
characteristics, including K-factor, thermal response,
 and water distribution or shall be cleaned in a
manner to retain its characteristics / functionality.

15 There should not be any continuous or non-

continuous obstructions such as slab projections,
columns, beams, truss webs and chords, pipes, ducts,
and other fixtures that could affect the discharge
pattern of the sprinkler
16 An isolation valve shall be installed in each sprinkler
riser on the upstream side of an alarm check valve
such that the isolation of single sprinkler riser will not
interrupt the water supply to other sprinkler risers
from the same source of supply.
17 Gravity chutes shall be protected internally by
automatic Sprinklers. Sprinklers shall be fitted with a
protective guard to avoid accidental damage of
sprinkler bulbs
18 I. The entire firefighting pipes shall be
supported as per the installation standard
described in NFPA 13.
II. Hanger supports shall be designed to support
five times the weight of the water-filled pipe
plus 250 lb (114 kg) at each point of piping
support.
III. The spacing between hangers shall not
exceed the value given in NFPA 13 Table
9.2.2.1(a) or Table 9.2.2.1(b).
IV. The unsupported length between the end
sprinkler in a pendent position or drop nipple
and the last hanger on the branch line shall
not be greater than 12 in. (305 mm). When
the above limit is exceeded, the pipe shall be
extended beyond the end sprinkler and
supported by an additional hanger.
V. The hanger closest to the sprinkler shall be
of a type that prevents upward movement of
the pipe.
VI. Clearance to hangers. The distance between
a hanger and the centerline of an upright
sprinkler shall not be less than 3 in. (76 mm).
VII. Unsupported armover length: The
cumulative horizontal length of an
unsupported armover to a sprinkler, sprinkler
drop, or sprig shall not exceed 24 in. (610
mm).
VIII. Sprigs. (A pipe that rises vertically and
supplies a single sprinkler) 4 ft (1.2 m) or
longer
19 I. Sprinklers shall be located in a manner to
ensure that adequate coverage of the hazard
is achieved.
II. The minimum distance between the
sprinklers to the adjacent sprinkler shall be
not less than 1.8 m
III. The maximum distance between the
sprinklers to the adjacent standard sprinkler
shall be not more than 4.5 meters

20 Sidewall spray sprinklers shall be installed at the

bottom of each elevator hoistway not more than 2 ft
(0.61 m) above the floor of the pit.
21 Client shall make appropriate arrangements to
ensure that all the accessible spaces / rooms are
protected with sprinkler systems
22 Fire sprinklers shall be fitted with a protective guard
where there are possibilities for accidental damage
of sprinkler bulbs.

23 Sprinklers shall be installed throughout the premises

24 Fire pump rooms enclosing diesel engine pump

drivers and day tanks shall be protected with an
automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance
with NFPA 13 as an Extra Hazard Group 2 occupancy
25 Sprinklers shall be installed under all exterior
projections greater than 600 mm where
combustibles are stored
26 Wet sprinkler system and wet standpipe system shall
be provided in Boiler Room.

27 Installed with the deflectors within the horizontal

planes of 1 in. to 6 in. (25 mm to 150 mm) below the
structural members and a maximum distance of 22
in. (550 mm) below the ceiling/roof deck
28 The alarm test connection shall be installed in any
location on the fire sprinkler system downstream of
the waterflow alarm
An alarm test connection not less than 1 in. (25 mm)
in diameter, terminating in a smooth bore corrosion-
resistant orifice, giving a flow equal to or less than
one sprinkler of a type having the smallest K-factor
 installed on the system, shall be provided to test each
waterflow alarm device for each system

The discharge of inspection test valve shall be to the

outside, to a drain connection capable of accepting
full flow under system pressure, or to another
location where water damage will not result
All control valves shall be located where
accessible and free of obstructions. The test
connection valve shall be accessible
Identification signs shall be provided at each valve to
indicate its function

The installing contractor shall identify a hydraulically

designed sprinkler system with a permanently
marked weather‐ proof metal or rigid plastic sign
secured with corrosion- resistant wire, chain, or
other approved means
The installing contractor shall provide a general
information sign used to determine system design
basis and information relevant to ITM requirements
required by NFPA 25
A supply of at least six spare sprinklers shall be
maintained on the premises so that any sprinklers
that have operated or been damaged in any way can
be promptly replaced
All sprinkler systems shall be arranged for flushing.
Isolation valve in supply pipe to sprinkler system shall
be connected to supervised central station,
proprietary, or remote station signaling service.
Valves on connections to water supplies, sectional
control and isolation valves, and other valves in
supply pipes to sprinklers and other fixed water-
based fire suppression systems shall be supervised
Category- F Gas based suppression system and Wet chemical Systems
Location All
Additional Info
1 I. Airtight rooms are the main requirement for
the usage of fire prevention and gas
extinguishing systems
II. For fire prevention and gas extinguishing
systems, the protected areas have to be
sealed to become defined air tightness
III. Louvered doors are not allowed for rooms
protected by gas suppression system.
IV. Rooms protected with gas suppression
system shall be installed with a self-closing
device.
V. Where pairs of doors are required, each leaf
of the pair shall be provided with a releasing
 device that does not depend on the release of
one door before the other. In addition to the
above, Integrity Test Reports shall be
submitted for all the gas suppression
protected rooms

2 Supply / return ducts shall be provided with

motorized fire dampers. Upon activation of alarm,
motorized fire dampers interfaced with the fire alarm
shall respond to close in order to keep the room in
airtight condition for effective performance of gas
suppression systems.
3 Clear & visible caution signage shall be provided in
order to warn the personnel from entering the area
during system operation/activation. The caution sign
should be placed on the outside of every door
entering / exiting the protected space
4 Abort switches, where provided, shall be located
within the protected area and shall be located near
the means of egress for the area.
5 Storage containers shall be located as close as
possible to or within the hazard or hazards they
protect.
6 Manual release for the gas suppression system shall
be replaced with a different model or an appropriate
identification sign shall be placed over the pull
station for the purpose it is serving to avoid
accidental activations. Signs shall be distinctive and
bright in color.
7 Nozzles shall be arranged centrally and strategically
so that a homogenous mixture of the required gas
concentration will be achieved.
8 The system’s control panel with the area / room its
serving shall be clearly identified with a non-
corrosive material
9 Gas Based Fire Suppression system must be provided
as per the approved drawing

10 I. Commercial cooking systems shall be

operated and maintained.
II. Gas-fired commercial cooking appliances
installed on casters and appliances that are
moved for cleaning and sanitation purposes
shall be connected to the piping system with
an appliance connector listed as complying
with ANSI Z21.69.
III. Electrical equipment used for the operation
of cooking oil storage systems shall comply
with NFPA 70.
IV. Automatic fire-extinguishing systems
protecting commercial cooking systems shall
be serviced.
11 Auxillary Fire Suppression Preaction Sprinkler system Must be provided for lift
System for Lift machine Room machine room

Category- G Fire Extinguishers

Location All
Additional Info
1 I. As a first line of defence during the initial
stages of Fire, availability of portable fire
extinguishers is mandatory for all
occupancies / service rooms to extinguish the
fire before the fire grows out of control.
Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided
for the protection of both the building
structure and the occupancy hazards
contained therein regardless of the presence
of any fixed fire suppression systems.
II. Portable fire extinguishers (wall hung type)
shall be installed in such a way that the top
of the fire extinguisher is not more than 1.5
meters above the floor and not less than 30
cm from the bottom of extinguisher to the
finished floor
Category- H Fire Pump Room
Location All
Additional Info
1 I. The base plate shall be securely attached to a
solid foundation in such a way that pumps
and driver shaft alignment is ensured
II. When the alignment is correct, the
foundation bolts should be tightened evenly
but not too firmly. The unit can then be
grouted to the foundation
III. The base plate should be completely filled
with grout, and it is desirable to grout the
leveling pieces, shims, or wedges in place
IV. Foundation bolts should not be fully
tightened until the grout has hardened,
usually about 48 hours after pouring
2 I. Storage batteries shall be rack supported
above the floor, secured against
displacement, and located where they will
not be subject to excessive temperature,
vibration, mechanical injury, or flooding
with wate
II. Current-carrying parts shall not be less than
12 in. (305 mm) above the floor level.
III. Storage batteries shall not be located in front
of the engine-mounted instruments and
controls.
3 I. Means other than sight tubes for continuous
indicating the amount of fuel in each storage
tank shall be provided
II. A fuel level indicator shall be provided to
activate at the two-thirds tank level. The low
fuel level condition shall initiate a
supervisory signal
4 I. Fuel tanks shall be enclosed / provided with
a dike / bund sufficient to hold the entire
capacity of the tank in order to prevent
accidental spillages.
II. The walls and base of a dike / bund shall be
made of non-combustible materials. The
volumetric capacity of the diked area shall
not be less than the greatest amount of liquid
that can be released from the largest tank
within the diked area, assuming a full tank.
5 I. Proper labeling including identification of
contents, tank volume, hazards and warnings
shall be done
II. A warning sign or notice shall be
permanently and legibly displayed at the
front of the fill point and on the tank
6 The weather vent shall be at least 3.05m from the top
of the tank fill cap.

7 I. No other valve than a manual locked open

valve shall be put in the fuel line from the
fuel tank to the engine
II. In addition to the above: There shall be no
shutoff valve in the fuel return line to the
tank
III. Handles shall be removed keeping the valves
in open position. All the handles shall be
placed inside a cabinet and shall be placed
inside the pump room for maintenance
purpose

8 Sign board shall be placed in a visible location.

Identification signs shall be provided for all sprinkler
alarm check valve assemblies, floor zone control
valve assemblies, pressure reducing valve stations,
inspector test & drain valves, breeching inlets, spare
sprinkler cabinets, fire pumps, fire water tanks with
its capacity (main / reserve), fire pump room pipe
networks, etc. made of non-corrosive material and
secured to the equipment or building wall by
corrosion resistant chain & fasteners.
9 I. Adequate spare sprinklers shall be kept in an
approved steel cabinet where the temperature
will not exceed beyond 38°C at any time.
Spare sprinkler cabinet shall be placed
within the fire pump room or in the fire
control room.
II. The minimum stock of spare sprinklers
required to be stored shall include all types
and ratings installed in the premises
III. Where the facility has less than 300 Nos –
Not less than 6nos.
IV. Where the facility has 300 to 1000 Nos – Not
less than 12nos.
V. Where the facility has more than 1000 Nos –
Not l
10 Fuel lines (supply / return) shall be properly identified
for the diesel engine’s fuel networks.

11 I. Pressure reducing valve station shall consist

of by-pass arrangement having all
equipments & accessories same as in the
main connection. The rated working pressure
of all devices including pressure reducing
valve installed on upstream side of PRV shall
be higher than the inlet pressure of PRV
station
II. Pressure gauges shall be installed at the inlet
and outlet sides of each pressure-reducing
valve.
III. A relief valve of not less than 13 mm in size
shall be provided on the discharge side of the
pressure reducing valve set to operate at a
pressure not exceeding 12.1 bar.
12 Alarm check valve’s gong shall be installed outside
the building not exceeding 25m from the alarm valve
for notifying the occupants and fire dept. personnel
during the event of fire.
13 The pressure gauges shall be rated for the system
working pressure and water temperature service and
approved by Local authority.
14 A clear, legible fire pumps signage shall be provided
outside the fire pump room

15 Floors shall be pitched for adequate drainage of

escaping water away from critical equipment such as
the pump, driver, controller, and so forth. The drains
shall be provided with an arrangement that is
terminated back to the fire water tank or to open
drain/pit
16 Fire pump room shall not be obstructed in any
manner. clear path shall be maintained for ease of
access. Permanent clear width platforms above the
 services shall be installed to make the personnel’s
reach the apparent exits without obstruction.

17 As per NFPA-20, all pump installations, including

jockey pumps, each controller shall have the
individual pressure-sensing line which shall be brass,
copper, or series 300 stainless steel pipe or tube, and
the fittings shall be of ½ in. (15 mm) nominal size &
shutoff valves are not allowed in the pressure-
sensing line.
18 Eccentric tapered reducer or increaser: Where the
suction pipe and pump suction flange are not of the
same size, they shall be connected with an eccentric
tapered reducer or increaser installed in such a way
as to avoid air pockets
19 I. Ventilation shall be provided for the
following functions:
II. To control the maximum temperature to
120°F (49°C) at the combustion air cleaner
inlet with engine running at rated load
III. To supply air for engine combustion
IV. To remove any hazardous vapors
V. To supply and exhaust air as necessary for
radiator cooling of the engine when required
20 I. Each pump(s) shall have an automatic relief
valve listed for the fire pump service
installed and set below the shutoff pressure
at minimum expected suction pressure
II. The valve shall be installed on the discharge
side of the pump before the discharge check
valve. The valve shall provide flow of
sufficient water to prevent the pump from
overheating when operating with no
discharge. Provisions shall be made for
discharge to a drain. Circulation relief valves
shall not be tied in with the packing box or
drip rim drains.
III. The automatic relief valve shall have a
nominal size of 0.75 in. (19 mm) for pumps
with a rated capacity not exceeding 2500
gpm (9462 L/min) and have a nominal size
of 1 in. (25 mm) for pumps with a rated
capacity.
21 Fire pump rooms not directly accessible from the
outside shall be accessible through an enclosed
passageway from an enclosed stairway or exterior
exit
22 I. The anti-vortex plate assembly shall be
installed so that it is possible for the pump to
deliver the calculated water capacity out of
the tank at a high rate of flow.
II. The discharge outlet for every suction tank
shall be equipped with an anti-vortex plate
assembly.
 III. The assembly shall consist of a horizontal
steel plate that is at least twice the diameter
of the outlet on a long radius elbow fitting,
where required, mounted at the outlet a
distance above the bottom of the tank equal
to one-half the diameter of the discharge
pipe.
IV. The minimum distance above the bottom of
the tank shall be 6 in. (152 mm).
23 The Exhaust Pipe shall be covered with high
temperature insulation or otherwise guarded to
protect personnel from injury. Exhaust pipes shall be
installed with clearances of at least 9 in. (229 mm) to
combustible materials. A flapper to be installed at the
end of the exhaust pipe to avoid the entry of foreign
particles.

A guard, pipe protection, or approved double-walled

pipe shall be provided for all fuel lines exposed to
traffic or possible damage
The suction valve, discharge valve, and isolation
valves shall be supervised open

There shall be no shutoff valve in the pressure

sensing line

Exhaust manifolds and turbochargers shall

incorporate provisions to avoid hazard to the
operator or to flammable material adjacent to the
engine
The exhaust pipe shall be covered with high-
temperature insulation or otherwise guarded to
protect personnel from injury
Exhaust pipes shall be installed with clearances of at
229 mm to combustible materials

Rooms containing fire pumps shall be free from

storage, equipment, and penetrations not essential
to the operation of the pump and related
components
Vent piping shall be arranged so that the vapors are
discharged upward or horizontally away from
adjacent walls and will not be trapped by eaves or
other obstructions.
The fire pump, driver, controller, water supply, and
power supply shall be protected against possible
interruption of service
A pressure gauge having a dial not less than 3.5 in. in
diameter shall be connected near the discharge
casting with a nominal 0.25 in. gauge valve
 A gauge having a dial not less than 3.5 in. in diameter
shall be connected to the suction pipe near the pump
with a nominal
0.25 in. gauge valve
A control valve shall be installed on each fire pump
test connection upstream of the manifold

Where the pump room is not constantly attended,

audible or visible signals powered by a separate
reliable supervised source not exceeding 125 V shall
be provided at a point of constant attendance
Where the pump room is not constantly attended,
audible or visible signals powered by a source other
than the engine starting batteries and not exceeding
125 V shall be provided at a point of constant
attendance
Ventilation shall be provided for the following
functions:
• To control the maximum temperature to
49°C at the combustion air cleaner inlet with
engine running at rated load
• To supply air for engine combustion
• To remove any hazardous vapors
• To supply and exhaust air as necessary for
radiator cooling of the engine when required
Fuel supply tank shall have a capacity at least equal
to 1 gal per hp, plus 5 percent volume for expansion
and 5 percent volume for sump
Water discharge from the relief valve shall be readily
visible or easily detectable by the pump operator

All busbars and connections shall be readily

accessible for maintenance work after installation of
the controller
Category- I Water Spray system
Location All
The owner shall be responsible for conducting
system inspection, testing, and maintenance and
maintaining the system in operating condition
Breeching inlets for the Transformer Water Spray
System shall be located as far away as possible from
the Transformers, preferable at 12m.
The installing contractor shall identify a hydraulically
designed water spray system with a permanently
marked, weatherproof sign secured at the system
valve
The installing contractor shall provide a general
information sign used to determine system design
basis and information relevant to the ITM
requirements
 Every water spray system shall have at least one
automatic water supply
Water spray nozzles shall be of a type listed for use
in water spray systems.
A supply of automatic water spray nozzles and pilot
sprinklers shall be maintained on the premises so
that any automatic water spray nozzles or pilot
sprinklers that have operated or been damaged in
any way can be promptly replaced
A water spray system installed in accordance with
this standard shall be properly inspected, tested, and
maintained in accordance with NFPA 25 and NFPA 72
Control Valve to be assessable in the event of a fire

Category- J Smoke Management system

Location All
Additional Info
1 Signs showing the intent or purpose and direction of
flow shall be provided for the all the ducts
throughout the premises.
2 Openings for the intakes of outdoor air to all air
handling systems, mechanical ventilation systems,
pressurization systems of exit staircases and internal
corridors, and smoke control systems shall be no less
than 5m from any exhaust discharge openings
3 Service openings shall be identified with letters
having a minimum height of 1.27 cm to indicate the
location of the fire protection device(s) within. The
label shall read as follows:
I. MOTORIZED FIRE / SMOKE DAMPER
II. FIRE DAMPER

I. Hoistways of elevators and dumbwaiters

4 penetrating more than three stories shall be
provided with a means of venting smoke and
hot gases to the outer air in case of fire.
II. Vents shall be located below the ceiling at
the top of the hoistway and shall open either
directly to the outer air or through
noncombustible ducts to the outer air.
III. Non-combustible ducts shall be permitted to
pass through the elevator machine room,
provided that portions of the ducts located
outside of the hoistway or machine room are
enclosed by construction having not less than
the fire-resistance rating required for the
hoist-way. The area of vents shall be not less
than 3 1/2 percent of the area of each elevator
car in the hoistway or not less than 3 ft2
(0.028 m2), whichever is greater.
5 Fire dampers shall be designed and tested in
accordance with the requirements of UL 555 or EN
1366-2, Standard for Fire Dampers. An appropriate
label from the manufacturer shall be available with
all the dampers installed in the premises to verify the
UL listing and rating of the device.
6 A service opening shall be provided in air ducts
adjacent to each fire damper, smoke damper, and
any smoke detectors that need access for
installation, cleaning, maintenance, inspection, and
testing.
7 I. Volume control dampers shall be replaced
with motorized dampers to achieve
"sandwich type pressurization" concept
II. Corridors shall be provided with zone smoke
control system (pressure sandwich system).
The pressure within such corridors shall be
higher than that in the adjacent spaces and
the pressure within the exit staircases higher
than that of the corridors
8 Visual indication of the operation status of the Smoke
Management Systems shall be provided in the
emergency command centre or at the fire indicating
board
9 I. Smoke control system for the exit staircases
below the level of exit discharge.
II. Fire exit staircases that only serve basements
which have more than 2 levels or more than
7m below the level of discharge (high depth
underground buildings and structures) shall
be pressurized.
III. Fire exit staircases that only serve the
basement which have less than 2 or levels or
less than 7m below the level of discharge
(low depth underground buildings and
structures) shall be provided with
mechanical ventilation

Category- K EXIT LIGHTS

Location All
A directional sign shall be placed in every
location where the direction of travel to reach the
nearest exit is not apparent

Any door or stairway that is neither an exit nor a

way of exit access and that is located or arranged
so that it is likely to be mistaken for an exit shall
be identified by a NO Exit sign.
Category- L Emergency voice evacuation and Alarm system
Location All
One-way EVECS shall be provided in large industrial
and warehouse buildings with gross floor area
greater than 5000 m².
Category- M EMERGENCY AND EXIT LIGHTING
Location All
Emergency illumination shall be provided for not less
than 3 hours in the event of failure of normal lighting.
Emergency lighting shall be provided in all
occupancies along egress path.
Category- N Storage
Location All
Additional Info Status
1 Storage is neat and orderly

2 Combustible storage is prohibited in electrical

rooms, restrictions apply in boiler/mechanical
rooms
3 Attice Storage

4 Rubbish waste subjected to spoteneous ignition

shall be disposed of daily and listed container

Category- O Hazardous Materials

Location All
Additional Info Status
1 Compressed gas cylinder secured

2 Rooms areas are properly lebeled

3 Acceptable quantities

4 Separation of incompatible materials

Category- P Electricals
Location All
Additional Info Status
1 No electrical Hazard

2 Appliances fixture in good condition

3 Overcurrent protection present

4 Electrical room labelled

Category- Q Flammable and Combustible Liquids

Location All
Additional Info Status
1 Safety Containers if used

2 Not Stored or kept near Exit

3 NO Source of Ignition

4 Quantities more than 10 gallon in cabinet

Category- R General Observations

Location All
Additional Info Status
All General Observation will be mentioned here as per the site conditions