1.

0 Fire Rated Door

Fire rated door is functioning as a blockade to barrier the spread of fire in the condition to
closing and provide as mean as escape when the door is open. It is design to slow down the
spread of smoke and fire in a room of various degrees depends on the location of building.
This fire rated door is important fireproofing component that needs to be included in every
building. This door must make sure that it is unlocked of any device or with high security
that can take time to escape the room. Fire rated door is only a normal door but it is different
on their materials that can use to block fire depends on it durability.

Figure 1 Fire Rated Door

1.1 Requirement installation

1) The door leaf or leaves including any glazing and other in-built features;
2) The door frame, with its fixings to the wall and, for a sliding fire resistant doorsets,
with all
guides and their respective fixings to the lintel, wall or sill;
3) Any fixed panel and its associated transom or mullion (including the methods of
fixing)
which is contained within the door frame;
4) All door hardware to requirements of UBBL and respective Malaysian Standards;
 5) Door and frame identification tags;
6) Recognized certification body labels on door leaf and frame; and
7) Statutory signage as and when required.

 Completed installation
The completed installation shall be as follows:
When the installation is completed, the manufacturer and the certifier shall inspect
each installed fire resistant door set and shall affix the prescribed metal tag to the
edge of the door leaf and to the door frame, only it can be confirmed that:
a) hardware has been installed in accordance with the specified instructions of the
relevant manufacturer;
b) hinges are correctly aligned;
c) the fire resistant door sets latch satisfactorily from the fully open position and from
any intermediate position;
d) the closer, if any, demonstrates satisfactory action as specified in 2.2.4;
e) on the basis of evidence of test and evidence of manufacturer to the specifications
of the tested specimen, the fire resistant door sets complied with all other
requirements of this standard

1.2 Operation

1. Identify which is
2. Get out faster
the fire rated door

4. Go to stairs and
3. Close the fire rated
gather in assembly
door
point
Note: People need to know what to do when there is fire and where to go to save their life
from fire. Make sure know all the passive fire protection like fire rated door

1.3 UBBL 1984

PART VII – Fire Requirement`
Clauses 162
(1) Fire doors of the appropriate FRP shall be provided
(2) Openings in compartment and separating walls to be protected by Fire Doors in
accordance with the FRP requirements of the relevant walls referred in the Ninth
Schedule 162
(3) Openings in protected structures to be protected by Fire Doors with FRP not less
than ½ of the relevant walls referred in the Ninth Schedule 162
(4) Openings in protected corridor or lobby to be protected by Fire Doors having FRP
of ½ hour.

Clauses 164
(3) Fire door may be held open provided the hold open device incorporates a heat
actuated device to release the door. Heat actuated device shall not be permitted on fire
doors protecting openings to protected corridors or protected staircases.
2.0 Emergency Exit

An emergency exit is a different exit in a building that can be used in case of an emergency
such as fire or other incident. It is also acts as a guide of direction to the occupants. The
colour of the emergency exit is white and green which can always keep illuminated, as to
ensure the visibility of signage in darkness during emergency when there is no electric power
supply or been cut off.

Figure 2 Emergency Exit

2.1 Requirement installation

1. Exits must be fire resistant materials. If three or less stories of building are connected than
it must be fire resistant for up to one hour.
2. If there are more than three stories, it must have two-hour fire resistant rating.
3. Emergency exit must be separated from explosive and flammable materials.
Place the emergency exits so the employees and other people will not have to go through
dangerous areas to reach the safe place or nearest exit.
4. Keep exit free of decoration that may block the exit sign.
 5. Place the signs near exit. So people can know where to go during an emergency. The sign
should be seen from distance.
6. Electric circuit for emergency exit cannot be used for other purpose except to emergency
exit only.

2.2 Operation

Incident occur No electricity

Use stairs or safe

Find the nearest
road to safe place
emergency exit

2.3 UBBL 1984

PART VII – Fire Requirement`
Clauses 172 – Emergency exit signs
(1) Storey exits and access to such exits shall be marked by readily visible signs and shall not
be obscured by any decorations, furnishings or other equipment.
(2) A sign reading ‘KELUAR’ with an arrow indicating the direction shall be placed in every
location where the direction of travel to reach the nearest exit is not immediately
apparent.
(3) Every exit sign shall have the word “KELUAR” in plainly legible letters not less than
150 millimeters high with the principal strokes of the letters not less than 18 millimeters
wide. The lettering shall in red against a black background.
(4) All exit signs shall be illuminated continuously during periods of occupancy.
(5) Illuminated signs shall be provided with two electric lamps of not less than fifteen watts
each.

Clauses 173 – Exit door

(1) All exit doors shall be openable from the inside without the use of a key or any special
knowledge or effort.
3.0 Emergency Lighting
Emergency lighting is a component of the mean of egress illumination and part of a building’s
life safety systems. The purpose of this emergency lighting is to give illumination of a necessary
high level to enable users to evacuate the building safely during fire occur. This light is
automatically function and almost all commercial building installs this emergency light. When
the electric power supply to the normal lighting provision fails, a backup lighting will
automatically come on as it is a part of the fire safety facility of building. This is because when
the fire occur, only emergency lighting will light up and can guide people to find way out from
darkness and smoke of the fire.

Figure 3 Emergency
Light

2.1Installation Requirement
1.The diversity of illuminance must be better than 40:1

2. The disability glare should be avoided

3. The colour rendering is at Ra40

4. The duration should be at least one hour.

5. The response times generally should be provide 50% of the illuminance within 5 seconds and
full illuminance within 60 seconds.
6. An emergency light will be connected to the electrical wiring of a building or residence, so
that it can sense when the power goes out. 

7.  In the event of an outage, or the tripping of a breaker, the unit will be signaled to come on and
have ninety minutes of backup power to illuminate the path to an exit.

8. check to see that any backup batteries in the unit have been installed correctly.

9. Either 2 or 3 connections will need to be made into your electrical system for an emergency
light to be installed correctly. Installing an emergency light incorrectly can burn out the
transformer and circuit board, causing the unit to become inoperable and broken.

2.2Operation

An incident occur

Fails of electricity
to the building

Find out the

emergency light
Find way out
through the
emergency light

2.3UBBL 1984
Clauses 172 – Emergency exit signs

(4) All exit signs shall be illuminated continuously during periods of occupancy

(5) Illuminated signs shall be provided with two electric lamps of not less than fifteen watts
each.
References

1. Robert G. Zalosh, Industrial Fire Protection Engineering, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2003.
2. Paul Stallord and John Abrahams, Fire from First Principles, E & FN Span, on imprint of
Routledge, 1999