LESSON PLAN IN ORAL COMMUNICATION

Subject: Oral Communication Date: ---

Grade Level: Senior High School (G11) Time: 9:00AM-10:00AM

A. Content Standards
The learner understands the nature and elements of oral communication in context.

B. Performance Standards
The learner designs and performs effective controlled and uncontrolled oral communication
activities based on context.
I. OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Understand the various strategies in order to avoid communication breakdowns.
2. Appreciate the significance of examining sample of communicative strategies in order to
achieve an effective communication;
3. Examine the sample of communication activities.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

TOPIC: 1. Barriers to effective communication
2.Communication Activities
LEARNING COMPETENCIES:
a. Use various strategies in order to avoid communication breakdowns. (MELC No. 3)
b. Examine sample of communication activities. (MELC No. 4)
DURATION:1 hour
REFERENCES: Oral Communication in Context
Oral Communication in Focus
https://www.google.com/search?q=environmental+communication+barriers&tbm
https://www.txcte.org/sites/default/files/resources/documents/Lesson%20Plan
%20Communication%20
MATERIALS: PowerPoint, Laptop, Projector
 III. PROCEDURE

Teacher’s Activity Student’s

Activity

Preliminary Activities
Greetings
“Good morning class!” “Good morning,
Ma’am”
“How are you today?
“We’re all fine,
“Okay that is good to hear. Now, before we begin, let us have guidance from Ma’am.”
the Lord through a prayer.

Prayer
“Who wants to lead the prayer?” (A student will
“Okay, thank you for that prayer.” volunteer to
pray)
Checking of attendance
“Class secretary, do we have any absentee for today?”
“None, Ma’am.”
“Alright, that is good to hear class. Very good everyone!”

Review

“Okay, yesterday we discussed about models of communication. For me to

know whether you have fully understood the lesson, I will have a short quiz
about the topic.”

Write TRUE if the statement is true and FALSE if the statement is false.
_____________1. Aristotle’s model focuses on the sender of communication.
_____________2. Coding and decoding are the two essential processes of an
effective
communication in Aristotle’s model of communication.
_____________3. Transactional model is efficient for communicators with
similar environment and individual aspects.
_____________4. The linear communication model illustrates communication
as a two-way activity where message flows from the speaker to the listener.
_____________5. The SMCR model focuses on encoding and decoding
which happens before the sender sends the message and before the receiver
receives the message respectively.

Lesson Proper

A. Motivation

Activity

First picture
observation/s:

The first picture

shows that the
teacher felt that
the class is so
noisy.

Very Good observation! Second picture

observation/s:
Valuing
“To effectively communicate, we must realize that we are all different in theThe picture
way we perceive shows that the
the world and use this understanding as a guide to our communication with couple is having
others” arguments
Emma Thompson wherein they
both can’t hear
B. Analysis each other
EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION IS ESSENTIAL TO LIMIT because no one
COMMUNICATION BARRIERS seems to listen
A. Be aware of communication filters which can distort messages within their and both of them
group: can’t understand
1. Semantic Barrier each other
a. jargon and abstract words are interpreted by different people in diverse because they
ways both talk at the
b. it is always important to be precise and explicit with words same time.
2. Emotional Barrier (our most powerful communication filter) -- always
remember: senders
who are emotional or angry are perceived differently :

a. emotions can prevent receiver from hearing what speaker has to say
b. emotional state can make listener too susceptible to speaker’s point of view
c. it is important to detach self from emotions and think of the verbal content
of message

3. Psychosocial Barrier (beliefs backed up by emotions; deeply embedded

ideas and feelings)

a. bias towards accents, ethnicity, mannerisms, dress, demeanor, physical

characteristics
can change the way we send and receive messages
b. receiver and/or sender bias towards the values and opinions of others can
affect
message interpretation (abortion issue, religious preference, gender
orientation,
political viewpoints, social perspectives)

4. Physical Barrier / Environmental Noise

Example: You are having a conversation with some friends when a song was
played.

A. Recognize that noise is a common barrier. Make some adjustments by

asking someone
to minimize the volume or by looking for a quiet area where you can resume
the
conversation.

B. Be aware of the messages you send with body language

1. eyes transmit more information than any other part of the body
2. gestures indicate whether people are open or closed to communication, how
comfortable an
individual is during given situations, who is the true leader of a group
3. individuals who agree with a speaker will mirror the speaker’s posture or
expressions, silently
signaling agreement
4. positioning oneself in a group is critical to inclusiveness; turning your back
to people in a
group signals that they aren’t included

C. Who Is Responsible For Effective Communication?

1. Both the sender and the receiver share equal responsibility for effective
communication
2. Communication loop is complete when the receiver understands, feels, or
behaves according
to the message of the sender; when this does not occur, the communication
process breaks
down
3. Receivers must provide senders with enough feedback to ensure that an
accurate message
has passed through all the filters that might alter it.

D. How to Improve Group Communication

1. Send Clear Messages

a. don’t talk too fast

b. don’t be too wordy
c. be aware of filters that can distort your message
d. ask purposeful questions to make sure you were understood

2. Use Words Carefully

a. use language that is simple and precise

b. avoid words that might be vague and/or ambiguous
c. avoid technical or occupational jargon

3. Use Repetition

a. repetition is a valuable tool in ensuring communication accuracy

b. use parallel channels of communication -- send memo and follow-up with
phone call
4. Use Appropriate Timing

a. not wise to communicate when receiver is extremely busy

5. Develop Listening Skills -- We hear, but do we listen?

a. listening is taught least, yet used the most

b. may explain why people listen at a 25% efficiency rate in typical
situations (miss about
75% of messages spoken by others!)
c. discrepancy between our rate of speaking and our rate of hearing --
people speak approximately 150 words per minute; listening capacity is about
450 words per minute. Because message is usually much slower than our
capacity to listen, we have plenty of time to let minds roam, think ahead, and
plan that we are going to say next

d. Five Signs of Poor Listening Habits:

i. thinking about something else while waiting for speaker’s next words or
sentence
ii. listening primarily for facts rather than ideas
iii. tuning out when talk seems to be getting too difficult
iv. prejudging from person’s appearance or manner that nothing interesting
will be said
v. paying attention to outside sights and sounds when talking to someone

E. Active Listening -- process of feeding back to the speaker what listeners

think the
speaker means:

1. Steps towards becoming an active listener:

a. cultivate a listening attitude

i. regard person worthy of respect & attention

ii. empathize with speaker and really try to understand other’s experience

iii. drop expectations of what you are going to hear or what you would like to
hear
iv. be patient and refrain from formulating response until speaker has finished
talking

b. focus full attention

i. establish eye contact

ii. equalize difference in height between you and speaker

iii. maintain open body posture and lean forward slightly

iv. continually refocus away from distractions

2. Take notes

Taking notes ensures greater accuracy and builds speakers confidence in your
ability to
remember details

3. Ask questions

Ensures your own understanding of speaker’s thoughts and feelings and helps
secure
additional information

4. Empathic Listening

a. avoid being judgmental

b. accept what is said -- you do not have to agree with what is being said, but
you should
let the person know you understand his or her viewpoint
c. be patient – signs of impatience send a negative message to the person
needing to talk

5.Common Communication Barriers

a. Anything that interferes with communication can lead to a lack of

understanding or misinterpretation of the message.
b. Patients are often physically ill and emotionally upset when a health care
worker is
attempting to communicate with them.
c. Health care also has its own language – “medical terminology” and patients
often do
not understand medical words.
d. Patients may also have sensory impairments that interfere with
communication.

i. Poor hearing, poor vision, confusion, and speaking problems

ii. Aphasia – absence or impairment of the ability to communicate through

speech, writing,
or signs (stroke patients)

e. It is the health care worker’s responsibility to make sure that the patient
understands
the information being communicated and that the health care worker
understands what
the patient is conveying

Is there any question, Class?

C. Abstraction

FEATURES OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

List of 7 C’s of Effective Communication. This list is widely used today,

especially in public relations
and advertising.

1. Completeness
Complete communication is essential to the quality of the communication
process in general.
Hence, communication should include everything that the receiver needs to
hear for him/her to
respond, react, or evaluate properly.

2. Conciseness None, Ma’am!

Conciseness does not mean keeping the message short but making it direct or
straight to the
point. Insignificant or redundant information should be eliminated from the
communication that
will be sent to the recipient.

3. Consideration
To be effective, the speaker should always consider relevant information about
his/her receiver
such as mood, background, race, preference, education, status, and needs,
among others. By doing so, he/she can easily build rapport with the audience.

4. Concreteness
Effective communication happens when the message is concrete and
supported by facts,
figures, and real-life examples and situations. In this case, the receiver is more
connected to
the message conveyed.

5. Courtesy
The speaker shows courtesy I communication by respecting the culture values,
and beliefs of
his/her receivers. Being courteous at all times creates a positive impact on the
audience.

6. Clearness
Clearness in communication implies the use of simple and specific words to
express ideas. It
is also achieved when the speaker focuses only a single objective in his/her
speech so as not
to confuse the audience.

7. Correctness
Correctness in grammar eliminate negative impact on the audience and
increases the credibility
and effectiveness of the message.

STRATEGIES TO AVOID COMMUNICATION BREAKDOWN

1. Apply positive self-talk and perception. Positivity is the best

encouragement. It welcomes good vibes and pleasant outlook in all
communication.

2. Use appropriate language. Tailor the words you will use based on your
audience or listener. Keep it simple and understandable. For example,
figurative language (e.g. simile, metaphor) is usually used in literature and in
formal conversations, not in ordinary or casual conversations.

2. Be open. Suspend your own judgment, ideas, and beliefs. Give the speaker
time to develop and express his or her ideas or points before you conclude if
the message has any value, little value, or none at all.
3. Give and accept feedback. Feedback keeps the communication going.
Respond to what
has been heard. Keep an open mind and avoid overreacting emotionally to a
message
or a feedback.

Is there any question?

D. Application

Group A:
Direction: Below are some examples of barriers. Classify them by naming the
specific barrier on each blank. (10 points)

Group B:

None, Ma’am!
Directions: Carefully answer the questions below by examining the video script.

1. What do you think is the problem of the two speakers?

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Who do you think has the problem in this communication process?

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Do you think you can avoid these problems? How?

_____________________________________________________________________

Group C:

Good Bye,
Ma’am!

Part 1 Directions: Examine the video transcript by giving proper ratings through using the rubric
for speech presentation. Carefully check the column for your chosen points. Compute the total

score.

Criteria 5 4 3
Organization of ideas is presented

Clarity of the message

Appropriate choice of words

TOTAL

Part 2 Directions: Write a short description why you have decided or chosen the specific points

for each criterion given for the video transcript.

Organization of ideas is presented

Points given: ________

Explanation: ___________________________________________________________________

Clarity of the message

Points given: ________

Explanation: ___________________________________________________________________

Appropriate choice of words

Points given: ________

Explanation: ___________________________________________________________________

E. Evaluation

Complete the semantic web below with a word or group of words relevant to
communication. (30 points)
‘

Assignment: Good bye,

Ma’am!
For your assignment, research about the different text types and give examples
for each of the types.

Good bye, Class!