URBAN LIVEABILITY-

Assessing Urban
Liveability in Delhi NCR
Presentation by:
Sunakshi Bhutani,Ujjwal Kapoor
 Why Urban Liveability?
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)

• Our living spaces define us be it tangibly and intangibly. The world is urbanizing at a very fast pace,
cities are growing out their boundaries every day some more, becoming more dense as the year
passes by.

• Ominous urban constraints are faced by the cities around the globe such as traffic clogging, poor
environment, and scarcity of land for development.

• These challenges form a membrane which inhibits these cities into becoming more
accommodating, people friendly along with a decent standard of living. All the planners and the
citizens aspire to live in a place which urbanises and grows in such a manner which not only
preserves the environment but also uses the resources present in an optimal way, providing its
habitants an acceptable lifestyle.
Liveability-A matter of Opinion
G
Dull streets-we need
E to create lively
R spaces-street
M cafes,breakout spaces
to attract people.
A
N
Y

I So much of crowd-no
space to move. I need
N less people on
D road.Lively spaces is
I not always a solution.
A
 LIVEABILITY AND LIVEABLE CITY
Liveability
Liveability is characterized as the 'quality of life' enjoyed by citizens of a city or area that involves a number of
core values: sustainability, affordability, and engagement that add substance to the idea of liveability.

Liveable City
Liveable cities strive to promote economic growth, poverty elimination and organize cities with larger population
concentrations and therefore increased efficiency and improve health. This is also defined as one that involves
effective governance, a dynamic market, a high standard of life and environmental protection by good planning, a
lively and shielded atmosphere for residents, work and play.

PMF’S(Performance Measurement Frameworks) City

Framework Agency Involved/Initiated Motive/Objective

Ease of Living Index Ministry of Housing & Urban The end goal of this development is to
Affairs improve liveability.
Economist Intelligence Unit(EIU) Media House(The Economist) Hardship bonus to employees

City Development Index Intergovernmental Agency Development levels in City

 Objectives Aim
• To identify and study the frameworks deciding
Assessing the liveability of Delhi
the liveability status of a city.
NCR as per the chosen
• Collecting data via case studies-stating
frameworks(Ease of
examples of both liveable & unliveable cities
Living,Economic Intelligence Unit)-
and why.
finding existing loopholes if any in
• Assessing Delhi on the basis of the liveability
comparison to livable cities and
parameters.
suggesting possible solutions for the
• Identifying and evaluating the weak points
same.
that need improvement.
 Methodology
Getting a brief understanding of the research problem via research papers,journals
and other scholarly reports.

Analysing the qualitative and quantitative data.

Studying the frameworks that define the liveability status of our cities.

Stating successful and unsuccessful examples on the basis of the defined

framework.

Stating the liveability status of Delhi as per the liveability framework.

Talking about where does Delhi stand with respect to other liveable cities and what
aspects need improvement.
Limitations

The research is mostly Study area limited to

on theoretical basis. Delhi-NCR.

Scalability is
We as architects can constrained because
help in the sustainable
not everyone can be
design-but not always awared via internet.We
in all other aspects. need workshops.
Ease of Living Index More than 50
percent of the
world’s
Three levels population is
now living in
At the first level, poverty alleviation, affordable housing and the cities. This
cleanliness are the three biggest challenges. ratio is
expected to
rise to 70
At the second level, basic infrastructure like water supply and
percent by
sewerage/septage management, storm water drainage, non-
2050
motorised urban transport and green parks are in the focus.

Finally at the third level, 100 cities are being developed under
Smart Cities Mission (SCM) to address the issue of ease of living
by evolving an increased use of digital technology to improve the
urban infrastructure, services and optimum utilisation of resources.
 Weightages of Ease of Living Index

Citizen Perception -30% Quality of Life-35%

Economic Ability—15% Sustainability-20%

How the index works

1 Data Collection and
2 and Scoring
Validation
Capture datasets through
cities published
governmental sources and
citizen service,validates the
data provided by cities.
Data Transformation Computing Index
3 Scores
Standardise the indicators Aggregate the indicator scores to obtain
to make them comparables, the category scores for each city ,applied
score the indicators based weightages to the category scores to
on the prescribed obtain the score of the pillars.These pillar
benchmarks. scores are aggregated to reach the ‘Ease
Of Living Score.
 Ease of Living Framework
Quality of Life
(Assessing social wellbeing)
• Education
• Health
• Housing & Shelter
• Wash and SWM
• Mobility
• Safety & Security
• Recreation
THREE PILLARS
Economic Ability
(Economic Robustness)
• Level of Economic
Development
• Economic Opportunities
• Gini Coefficient
Sustainability
(Managing Urban Spaces)
• Environment
• Green Spaces and
Buildings
• Energy Consumption
• City Resilience
 Vienna -The most liveable city in the world
Vienna-the most liveable city in 2022 as per Economic Intelligence Unit’s report.

Factors that contribute:

Exceptional healthcare
• Every citizen has access to free
healthcare-thanks to the
exceptional taxes.
• Healthcare practitioners are highly
skilled & facilities are excellent.
• Destigmatized mental healthcare
World class public
transport infrastructure
• Bike paths,pedestrian
lanes,reliable multi-modal
public transport
• Traffic conjestion is lower
than in most European cities.
Low crime rates
• Very safe city
• Received highest ranking on
Global Peace Index
• There was a significant drop
in crimes in the year 2019 and
2020.
 Vienna -The most liveable city in the world
Factors that contribute:
Thriving arts & culture scene
• As the classical musical capital of
the world,the city is full of concert
halls,theatres and other music
venues.
• Exceptional
museums,galleries,etc. to
represent culture.
• Street open cafes provide visitors
with the space to chill and relax
during any hour of the day.
Favourable rental Minimal pollution
conditions and clean air
• Although finding suitable • Green and clean with
accomodations is difficult fantastic water and air
and expensive, but rental quality.
contracts generally • Streets of Vienna are
protect residents from one of the cleanest in
being charged exorbitant Europe.
rates. • Picturesque city
• Accomodation here is
most affordable in Europe.
EIU(Economist Intelligence Unit)
Created in 1946, it is a research and analysis division of the Economist Group, providing forecasting and advisory
services. It also produces regular reports on livability and cost of living of the world’s major cities. It has also a well
noted report that is Quality of Life Index.

Image:EIU Ranking Index- Distribution Pattern

Courtesy:International Research Journal of
Engineering and Technology (IRJET)

Courtesy:
International
Research Journal of
Engineering and
Technology (IRJET)
 Bengaluru “least liveable” city in
India,ranked 146 th globally
India's IT hub Bengaluru has been ranked 146th in the Global Liveability Index 2022 released by the European
Intelligence Unit.

The ranking is based on five Weightage assigned to the

factors – factors: Category Marks secured by
• Healthcare • Culture & Environment-2 %
• Stability • Stability-25% Bengaluru
• Culture and environment • Healthcare-20% (out of 100)
• Infrastructure • Infrastructure-20%
• Education • Education-10% Infrastructure 46.4(less than
Krachi,Pakistan)

• The infrastructure score is based on seven indicators — quality of roads, public transportation system,
international links, energy provision, telecommunications, water and availability of good quality housing. The
break-up of the cities’ score on each of these sub-factors was not shared by the agency.

• The city received a score of 46.4 (out of 100) in infrastructure, the lowest among all Indian cities. Delhi scored
the highest — 62.5 — followed by Mumbai, with a score of 55.4. Both Chennai and Ahmedabad received a
score of 50 each.
 Rampur is parked on the last spot of
among 111 cities in Ease of Living Index
2018
With about 3.25 lakh residents throwing 165 tonnes of garbage daily, and no waste management in
place, Rampur in Uttar Pradesh has emerged as the worst city to live in India.

• According to a government order of 1991, there should be 28 sweepers for a population of 10,000. However
there were only 199 sweepers against the 355 permanent posts, and 170 against the 534 contractual posts.

• The local hospital is not capable of handling any emergencies again due to shortage of staff. There are only 13
doctors against 27 sanctioned posts. The Chief medical superintendent, Dr B M Nagar said, that they often
refer patients to medical colleges in Meerut and Aligarh, as the hospital does not have specialists like
cardiologist, neurologist, ENT and so on at most of the times.

• The education system is also not well organised. There is shortage of textbooks and classrooms for students.
The head teacher at the Kasturba residential school in Loha, told the TOI that if students clean the classrooms
if sweepers are absent.

• The electricity department is laying underground lines to control power theft, as unpaid electricity bills add
up to Rs 35 crore.
Make Liveable cities,not
always only Smart cities
THE CASE OF DELHI
• The leading metropolise of our country, and the capital has been ranked among the bottom five in a study
conducted by a Dutch company, Arcadis,in terms of sustainability.

• The low rating doesn’t really come as a surprise. It is a known fact that India’s fast growing urban territories
are grappling with serious sustainability issues. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), of the
20 most polluted cities in the world, 13 are in India, and New Delhi is at the top of the list.

• The number of vehicles in New Delhi has increased by 97 percent over the last decade leading to heavy
congestion and increased travel time. But vehicles aren’t the primary cause of air pollution.Based on a study
by IIT Kanpur, road dust like silt, soil or particles from broken and poorly maintained roads are the biggest
contributors.

• The Yamuna river is dying because of the sewage water, garbage and industrial effluents that are released
into it on a daily basis.

• Close to 50 percent of the residents live in slums and illegal colonies without proper sanitation, water supply
or waste management. The city’s waste is mainly tossed into open dumping grounds where the garbage is
(in some places) set on fire.