REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

University of Southeastern Philippines

College of Education
Bachelor of Physical Education
Second Semester 2023-2024

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement in

PEd 325
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
(Technology Application in Teaching PE and Health Education including
Instructional Materials Development)
Monday 08:00 a.m-11:00 a.m.

TOPIC:

SUBMITTED BY:
Lascuna, Argeline P.
Lopez, Philip James C.
Magandam, Jenny Rose M.

SUBMITTED TO:
Arnie Josef C. Mañacap
INSTRUCTOR

FEBRUARY 2024
 INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL MAKING PROCEDURES

Creating instructional materials in education involves a systematic process

to ensure effectiveness and relevance to the learning objectives. The procedure
typically begins with a thorough analysis of the curriculum and learning goals,
identifying the key concepts and skills that need to be addressed. Next, educators
or instructional designers outline the structure and content of the material, ensuring
alignment with pedagogical principles and student needs. The development phase
involves the actual creation of the materials, incorporating engaging and interactive
elements such as visuals, examples, and activities. Throughout this process,
continuous feedback from educators, learners, and experts helps refine and
improve the materials. Once the instructional materials are finalized, they undergo
rigorous testing to ensure clarity, coherence, and effectiveness in facilitating
learning. Regular updates and revisions are essential to adapt to evolving
educational standards and address feedback for continuous improvement.

TRADITIONAL IM’s

Learning Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, learners will be able to:

1. Analyze a specific TIM’s (e.g., textbook, chart, manipulative);

2. Design a lesson plan that incorporates an appropriate TIM’s, explaining how
the chosen TIM’s aligns with the learning objectives; and
3. value the importance of TIM’s in the 21st century learning.

Instructional Materials, also known as Teaching/Learning Materials

(TLM), are any collection o of materials including animate and inanimate objects
and human and non-human resources that a teacher may use in teaching and
learning situations to help achieve desired learning objectives. Instructional
materials may aid a student in concertizing a learning experience to make learning
more exciting, interesting, and interactive. They are tools used in instructional
activities which include active learning and assessment. The term encompasses
all the materials and physical means an instructor might use to implement
instruction and facilitate student's achievement of instructional objectives.

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.itac.edu.au%2Fresources%2Ftraditional-
teaching&psig=AOvVaw0YmyZqhZ6-
cylYjzQ8CJub&ust=1706939228373000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBMQjRxqFwoTCIj
Traditional Instructional Materials or TIMs are employed in traditional
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educational materials to support teaching and learning in a classroom

environment. They have long been a cornerstone of education, and even with the
emergence of modern technology such as digital tools, they remain valuable in a
variety of educational settings.

CHARACTERISTICS OF TIM’s:

Tangible and physical: They exist in a physical form that students can interact
with directly, as opposed to digital resources accessed through computers or
devices.
Teacher-centered: They are often designed and delivered by the teacher, with
less emphasis on student-led exploration and discovery.
Standardized and structured: They tend to follow a set curriculum and may lack
the flexibility to adapt to individual student needs or learning styles.
Emphasis on memorization and recall: They often focus on rote learning and
memorization of facts and concepts.
ADVANTAGES OF TIM’s:
Accessibility: They are often readily available and affordable, making them
accessible to a wider range of schools and communities.
Versatility: They can be used in various subjects and adapted to different learning
styles.
Hands-on learning: They can provide opportunities for students to engage with
the material in a tactile and interactive way.
Familiarity: Many teachers and students are comfortable using TIMs due to their
long history in education.

EXAMPLES OF TIM’s
1. Textbook
In traditional schools, a fixed curriculum covers core
subjects, using textbooks for presenting content and
emphasizing student study and memorization.

2. Workbooks
A workbook is a book to help you learn a particular
subject which has questions in it with spaces for the
answers.

3. Handouts
A document given to students or reporters that
contains information about a particular subject: On page two
of your handout, you will find a list of the books that I have
referred to during the lecture.

4. Charts and Graphs

 Graphs can provide quick and easy visual
summaries that allow teachers to determine patterns of
behavior, evaluate the results of new teaching strategies,
and establish whether or not interventions are having the
desired effects.

5. Manipulatives and models

Manipulatives, in the context of education, are physical
tools of teaching, engaging students visually and physically with
objects such as coins, blocks, puzzles, markers, etc.

6. Blackboards or whiteboards
both writing surfaces that share the same basic
function – facilitating information-sharing.

Traditional instructional materials (TIMs) continue to be significant in

education despite the development of contemporary approaches for a number of
reasons. Schools and communities may easily utilize them due of their price and
accessibility. Because of their adaptability, they may be tailored to the needs of
specific students as well as different subjects and learning styles. Furthermore,
TIMs are well-known to many educators and students, which eases anxiety and
promotes efficient instruction. They also provide the advantages of tactile, hands-
on learning experiences. Although TIMs should be utilized carefully and in
conjunction with other approaches, such as technology, their special benefits
guarantee that they will remain important instruments in educators' toolkit.

While the educational landscape evolves, TIMs continue to hold value as

accessible, versatile, and familiar tools for teachers. Their effectiveness lies in their
strategic use as part of a broader teaching approach that leverages the strengths
of both traditional and modern methods to optimize learning outcomes for all
students.
Reference/s:

Adamska, I. (2023, August 2). Online Learning vs Traditional Learning. Retrieved

Febuary 01, 2024 from Samelane. https://samelane.com/blog/traditional-
learning-vs-online-learning/

Lewis, B. (2019, July 7). What is TLM in the classroom?. Retrieved Febuary 01,
2024 from ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/tlm-teaching-learning-
materials-2081658

Karen, S. (2022, September 13). Instructional Materials. Retrieved Febuary 01,

2024 from Instructional Resources https://kb.wisc.edu/instructional-
resources/page.php?id=121279

Team, V. (2022, November 15). How teachers can use the bets tools and
resources available. Retrieved Febuary 01, 2024 from Varthana
https://varthana.com/school/how-teachers-can-use-the-best-tools-and-
resources-available-to-create-a-modern-classroom/

Parrish, N. (2019, May 15). Ensuring that instruction is inclusive for diverse
learners. Febuary 01, 2024 from Edutopia.
https://www.edutopia.org/article/ensuring-instruction-inclusive-diverse-
learners

Limited, S. L. P. (2023a, May 29). What is the difference between traditional

education system and advanced education system and... Medium.
https://scrrumlabs.medium.com/what-is-the-difference-between-traditional-
education-system-and-advanced-education-system-and-e980b9d33510

Submitted by:

LASCUÑA, ARGELINE P.

BPEd-3 Student
 ICT INTEGRATED IMS

Learning Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to:
1. Analyze the different ICT tools used in making instructional materials,
2. Create a visually appealing and informative instructional material using ICT
tools; and
3. value the importance of ICT-integrated IMs in the 21st-century teaching and
learning

Instructional materials provide the core information students will experience,

learn, and apply during a course. They hold the power to either engage or
demotivate students. This is especially true for online courses, which rely on a
thoughtful and complete collection of instructional materials that students will
access, explore, absorb, and reference as they proceed in a course.
Therefore, such materials must be carefully planned, selected, organized,
refined, and used in a course for maximum effect. The planning and selection of
instructional materials should consider both the breadth and depth of content to
optimize student learning.

https://theictbook.com/advantages-of-using-ict-tools-in-teaching-and-learning/

Information, Communication and Technology (ICT) is the type of technology

employed in the shape of tools, equipment and application support, that helps in
the collection, storage, retrieval, use, transmission, manipulation and
dissemination of information as accurately and efficiently as possible. It is for the
purpose of enriching the knowledge and developing communication, decision
making as well as problem solving ability of the user.
 ICT will not only include hardware devices connected to computers and
software applications but also interactive digital content, internet, and other
satellite communication devices, radio and television services, web-based content
repositories, interactive forums, learning management systems, and management
information systems.
These will also include processes for digitization, deployment, and management
of content, development, and deployment of platforms and processes for capacity
development, and creation of forums for interaction and exchange.

Examples of ICT tools:

1. Desktop/Laptops are common
tools used in education. The teachers
used this to present their lessons. Using
this device, it is easy to discuss and
explain to the students. It is useful
because the teachers can get students'
attention using this. It can be used to
show some photos and video clips about
their lessons. It is a powerful tool used in
education. There are many other uses of this tool, such as use for
communication, computation, record keeping, and other related stuff.

2. Projector is a tool used to display the

photos or images in bigger size. Using
a computer alone, it's not easy to see
the images or video clips because it is
small, but because of the projector, you
can see and understand them easily.
This tool and the desktop/laptop will
work together when cables are
connected. This is very useful tool in
teaching and also when there are meetings held at the school.
3. Digital Camera is also used in
education. It is used for documentation of
important events like school elections, contests,
meetings, and other related stuff.
4. Printer is also a useful ict tool in education. This
is used to print some important documents in
the school or printing those activities or projects.
Students can use this tool and teachers. You
can make more copy of the document in a few
minutes.
5. Scanners are used to scan documents or
photos. This is helpful tool because it is easy to
make a copy and less hassle.

6. TV is also used in
teaching. Sometimes
teachers play movie which
are related to their lesson
and it is very entertainment
to watch. Also, the tv is very
useful device to improve the
teaching at the class.
7. Web Design This ICT tool is
used to create websites. This tool
is use in building awesome and
fast websites. Students can study
this and create their own. There
are many webs design software’s
or websites that are useful. It is
useful for the students who take
courses related to ICT.
8. Publishing Programs are also useful
ICT tool. This can be use in journalism It is great
to use because there are templates that can be
use and some great features that can be used.
 9. Blogging this ICT tool is
also useful. There are
some great platforms for
this like WordPress,
BlogSpot and other stuff.
You can also make your
own website using this
platform.
10. Presentation

Software’s this ICT tool in education is useful for the

students and teachers. When you are making your
report or group report this tool is very useful. It will
make the discussion easier to understand and more
entertaining. Teachers also use this in teaching.
Another useful thing about presentation software is it
can be use when there are meetings and contest at
the school.

11. Animations this ICT tools is very useful to those students who are taking
animation courses. The animation is very entertaining and great to watch.
But making animation is not easy. It takes time to make it. A ten-second
animation can take about one hour or more. So, having animation software
is great and helpful to students.
12. Spreadsheets: this ICT tool is useful for teachers
in computing the student's scores or grades. This
tool is useful in computation, especially when there
are a lot of numbers in the computer. Also, this can
be used to keep records.
13. Word processing software This ICT tool is useful
in creating documents. Students make their
projects that need to be printed. This tool is a great
one to use. They can edit and design what they
want using it.
Importance of ICT in Education and Teaching-Learning Process:
ICT plays the same role in our information and communication process and
their outcomes as played by other technologies in making our lives comfortable
and purposeful. ICT in education has tremendous potential to serve and help the
people connected with the process and product of education in many ways.
1. ICT can align the existing educational system with the knowledge-based,
information-rich society by providing services of sophisticated tools,
techniques, and methods at its disposal.
2. The use of ICT can bring about a paradigm shift in traditional views and
methods of teaching — and learning processes. Some of the changes are
as follows:
a. It will help transition from a broadcast learning model to interactive
learning. Thus, making the students active and participating in the
teaching—learning process.
b. Helps in the process of transitioning from teacher-centered
instruction to learner-centered instruction. Students become self-
reliant and self-directed in acquisition and application of knowledge
and skills
c. Shift's emphasis from teaching to learning creates a more
interactive and engaging learning environment for teachers and
students.
d. Changes the role of teachers from a mere knowledge transmitter to
that of a learning facilitator, knowledge guide, or navigator, and an
active co-learner along with students.
e. Enables students to become more responsible about their learning
as they seek out relevant information and knowledge through their
own efforts, synthesize and share their knowledge with others. It
makes them realize their educational potentials.
f. ICT helps students to think critically and creatively and to reflect on
their own learning process. They even set their individual goals for
growth and development of their potentials.
3. ICT prepares teachers to meet challenges of the teaching-learning task of
modern age. It helps teachers in proper execution of their multi-dimensional
responsibilities in various areas of education.
4. ICT can be beneficial not only to teachers for their own education and
training but also to use it creatively for accelerating the educational growth
of their students.
5. Schools or Students that have no access to computer devices like PCs,
laptops, tablets or smartphones can especially utilize ICT in the form of
Radiobroadcasts and Telecast. There are specific educational programs
such as Gyanvani and Gyandarshan hosted by Akashvani and
Doordarshan respectively to cater to the subjects of a school curriculum.

For such students, traditional ICT tools such as pictures, charts,

models, graphs, blackboard, newspapers, educational visits, excursions or
 educational fairs and exhibitions can be utilized for learning and applying
school subjects.
6. In schools, or students that have access to the computer but no internet
connection
a. pre-recorded CDs and DVDs containing helpful content may be
used.
b. Various word processing programs such as MS Word can be used
by both teachers and students alike. Teachers can prepare their
lesson plans, write questionnaires, and prepare evaluations and
diagnostic tests to check the performance of the students. Students
can make their assignments using MS Word using creative designs
and templates.
c. MS Excel can be used by teachers in middle and primary school for
data collection, analysis, and presentation. It is essential to teach
students the importance of data collection and representation in the
form of — Bar graphs, pie charts, histograms, etc.
d. PowerPoint presentations can be prepared by teachers as well as
students using the MS PowerPoint Application to present and
demonstrate their lessons effectively and efficiently.
e. Interactive whiteboards (IWB), also known as smartboards, are
electronic and digital boards that help show what’s presented on a
computer desktop with the help of a projector. It helps to control the
computer with the help pf a pen to conduct a lecture interactively.
f. Software such as Interactive Geometry software, Instructional
Software, Simulation, gaming and recreational software provides for
rich alternative source for teaching and learning. They can help to
remove fear and phobias related to study of a subject while providing
them opportunities to learn while playing or engaging in virtual
applications of the principles and processes of a subject.

An intelligent software, while interacting with students in its

tutorial, may tell where an error was made on the part of the.
Students, while solving problems offer suggestions for reaching a.
correct answer explicitly based on the student's incorrect answer.

7. In the case of students who have computer services in school with internet
facilities, the amount of information available to them is immeasurable.

a. World Wide Web (WWW) is updating the knowledge warehouses for

students, teachers, and scientists due to the enormous progress of
 ICT. Anybody can refer to the latest information and research every
day.
b. Open universities and distance education through ICT are new
openings for working people to acquire knowledge to study at home
also.
c. The manpower and human mistakes can be avoided by online
examination. It maintains objectivity of examination. And requires
minimum time even though examination can be conducted on
demand.

Advantages of ICT in Education

1. Teaching Makes Easier

Teachers are the people with one of highly benefited of having ICT in education.
Through the use of it, it makes the teaching easier. When a teacher teaches the
student on a new lesson it makes for them easy to inform and to evaluate what
they want them to know. Creating documents files, pdf files or power point
presentation through the use of cellphone with application. Or laptop for them to
show the topics that they will going to tackle is a great way for teaching.
The teachers will have a fast and effective way of teaching because they
can just scroll up and down to show the lesson. The documents that compose of a
lot of information like text, pictures that show information like info graphics. An or
videos that contains the lessons that they will going to a very effective to inform.
The student will affect in good way because of what they see and it will be
advantage that they can remember it for long time.
2. Lesson can be seen and be heard
The advantage of information communication technology is the lessons can be
seen and heard. Unlike in the books, you can just see it, seeing those pages with
paragraphs and full of text, and sometimes we can see the pictures. We can also
hear it when our classmates or our teacher reads it aloud to the class but using
technology is different. The sound coming from the videos or music that is being
used will be played over and over again, which, makes it remembered well.
3. Easier to Understand
When you see a picture appearing on the white screen using a projector, you
understand it easily what it really means. The lessons that the teacher teach on
you is easily to understand.
4. Improves Communication
The proper way of saying a word or words, the correct grammar, and the meaning
of the words will be improved. The teacher teaches or asks the student, and the
student responds if the teacher knows that it is incorrect, then he/she can correct
it. Communication improves with the help and guidance of the teacher and also
the technology.
5. Enjoying While Learning
Images, music, and videos are one of the sources of entertainment. When people
see that they are happy and enjoy. Through the colorful images we are happy when
we see them Right? And we enjoy listening to the music and imagining what it
really means. Sometimes we laugh at the music that has another meaning. The
videos are enjoying to watch and we really educated when we see such those
kinds of media.
6. Students Perform Better
The students perform better when it is attractive and when they think that it will be
interesting.
7. Know More Information
The internet is one of the fastest ways of getting information because just one
touch, one clicks you can now get what you want to know. The teacher and the
students both get more information by the way they use it. When a teacher teach
using a book there's an information their but not all. He/She can get additional
information coming from the internet that will much precise and easy to follow.
8. Improves Visual Skill
When we are learning with the use of pictures or videos, our visual skill improves.
Some teachers use riddles using photos that will improve our thinking skills, not
just our cognitive skills but also our visual skills. We are happy and excited when
we see riddles. We want to be the first to answer those pictures. And because of
that, we are enjoying the lesson.
9. Students are motivated to go to School
When a student enjoys going to school, they are motivated to always go. They will
seldom be absent because they are happy and enjoying school. When we are
motivated, we can do things better, and we are making it amazing. The technology
makes it happen. When you enjoy listening to the teachers because of the
technology they use you will be motivated.
10. Getting a Good Grades
The best of benefits of studying ICT is the students get a good grade. You can see
that when students motivate to study, enjoy, and perform better they will have a
good or better grades. Seeing the student improves and to pass their subject and
go to the next level. The teachers smile and happy when it happens.

Challenges And Issues Related to ICT In Education

1. High Cost of ICT Tools:

The most important challenge in successfully integrating ICT into education is the
high cost of ICT tools. Due to high cost imposed on tools than the traditional face
to face learning, it is really impossible to purchase the tools for implementation of
ICT into education.
2. Poor ICT Infrastructure
Poor ICT Infrastructure is also another important issue and challenge in the
successful implementation of ICT in education. Infrastructure such as hardware,
software, internet access, and similar other resources that are required to integrate
technology in teaching and learning are not sufficient.
Challenge Of Language and Culture
A large portion of the educational software produced in the world market is in
English. English is the dominant language of the internet. Majority of the online
content is in English. Teaching learning resources used in connection with ICT are
not suitable in the rural areas which becomes a serious barrierto maximize the
benefit of ICTs.
1. Lack Of Technical Support:
Another important issues in integrating ICT in education is lack of technical
support. Technical support is essential to the continued viability of ICT use for every
learning institution. Due to lack of specialized skill personnel, Educational
Institutions fail to implement technology in education.
2. Lack Of Trained Teachers: -
There is a lack of trained teachers to implement ICT in education. Teachers are
not trained to use ICT in their teaching. Teachers need to acquire new skills to
prepare the students with necessary skills required for the 21st century. Due to
lack of any quality training. Teachers are not comfortable to use ICT tools for
making teaching and learning effective.
3. Insufficient Funds:
 Implementation of ICT into education system requires a magnum of funds,
infrastructure and support facilities. But there is a lack of insufficient govt. fund for
use of ICT in education.
4. Weak Govt. Policies:
For the successful implementation of ICT in education. There is an urgent need of
Govt. policies. But the Govt. policies are not strong. As a result we can hardly
expect the implementation of ICT in
education.

• Traditional Curricular Framework is also a hindrance in integrating ICT into

education.
• Unfavorable organizational culture and poor attitude towards the use of
technologies is also factor in integrating ICT in education.
• Lack of co-ordination among the agencies with the ICT responsibilities is
also a hindrance in integrating ICT in education.

Reference/s:

Instructional materials for online courses. (n.d.). University KnowledgeBase.

Retrieved February 2, 2024 from https://kb.wisc.edu/instructional-

resources/page.php?id=121279#:~:text=Instructional%20materials%20are

%20the%20content,other%20resources%20in%20a%20course.

Chatterjee, M. (2022, January 7). Importance of ICT in Education and Teaching-

Learning process. Medium. Retrieved February 02, 2024 from

https://monichatterjee.medium.com/importance-of-ict-in-education-and-

teaching-learning-process-f794225c1c2e

Admin. (2023, May 6). What Are The ICT Tools Used in Education? What Are

The ICT Tools Used in Education? Retrieved February 02, 2024 from
 https://ictineducationzone.blogspot.com/2021/06/what-are-ict-tools-used-

in-education.html

Admin. (2023a, May 6). 10 Advantage of Ict in Education. 10 Advantage of Ict in

Education. Retrieved February 2, 2024, from

https://ictineducationzone.blogspot.com/2018/03/advantage-of-ict-in-

education.html

SAHA, T. (2023, February). THE ROLE OF ICT IN

EDUCATION: CHALLENGES AND ISSUES. Journal of Emerging

Technologies and Innovative Research. Retrieved February 2, 2024, from

https://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2302586.pdf

Reported By:

LOPEZ, PHILIP JAMES C.

BPEd-3 Student
 ALTERNATIVE DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Learning Objectives

At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Discuss the definition of alternative delivery systems and their types.
2. Create an infographic displaying the commonly used applications and
instructional materials for alternative delivery systems.
3. Recognize the advantages and disadvantages of alternative delivery
systems in the field of education.

The term “alternative delivery system” in education refers to a mode of

instruction that is distinct from the traditional face-to-face classroom setting.
Alternative delivery systems can include online learning, distance learning, and
blended learning models. Each of these instructional methods has its own unique
set of benefits and drawbacks that should be considered when choosing the best
delivery system for a particular educational setting.
Alternative delivery systems are management systems used in Inclusion
classrooms that provide support for students and maximize learning while being
presented with the core curriculum. It is an approach that uses success - oriented
presentations and the elements of collaboration and school-based coordination in
its implementation. The goal of alternative delivery systems is to develop many
creative ways of working together for the benefit of all students.
 Inclusion classrooms use management systems that assist students in
learning and are presented with the same curriculum as the classroom. This
program incorporates collaboration and school-based coordination elements, as
well as success-oriented presentations.
In alternative delivery/contracting, rather than being required to create a
physical asset or improvement, as in design-bid-build, we compete to maximize
positive outcomes and provide the highest value and benefit to the owner and their
customers.

TYPES OF ALTERNATIVE DELIVERY SYSTEM

1. Synchronous Learning
Synchronous learning is an instructional
method that involves real-time interaction
between instructors and students. In this
learning model, participants engage in
learning activities, discussions, and
lectures simultaneously, regardless of
their physical locations. Synchronous
learning relies on communication
technologies to facilitate live, interactive
sessions, allowing for immediate feedback and collaboration.

Characteristics of Synchronous Learning

• Real-Time Interaction:
✓ Synchronous learning involves live, immediate interaction between
instructors and learners. Participants engage with the content,
discussions, and activities simultaneously, fostering real-time
communication.
• Scheduled Sessions:
✓ Learning activities, such as lectures, discussions, and collaborative tasks,
are scheduled to occur at specific times. Participants are expected to
attend these sessions simultaneously, following a set timetable.
• Live Lectures and Presentations:
 ✓ Instructors deliver live lectures and presentations during synchronous
sessions. This allows for direct communication, dynamic content delivery,
and the ability to respond to student questions in real-time.
• Interactive Discussions:
✓ Synchronous learning supports interactive discussions where participants
can actively engage with each other. This interaction can take place
through video conferencing, audio communication, chat features, or other
collaborative tools.
• Immediate Feedback:
✓ Instructors can provide immediate feedback to students during live
sessions. This instant feedback is valuable for addressing questions,
clarifying concepts, and guiding learners in real-time.
• Use of Technology:
✓ Synchronous learning relies on various communication technologies,
such as video conferencing platforms, web conferencing tools, chat
systems, and other interactive tools, to facilitate live engagement.
• Structured Timeframes:
✓ Synchronous learning follows a structured timetable, often resembling
traditional classroom schedules. This structure includes regular class
sessions, office hours, and other planned activities.
• Demonstrations and Simulations:
✓ Instructors can conduct live demonstrations, simulations, or experiments
during synchronous sessions. This allows students to witness and
participate in real-time activities.

Technologies that Support Synchronous Learning

Broadcast Radio
Broadcast radio in education involves
using radio as a medium to deliver
educational content and programming.
This method has been utilized for decades
to reach diverse audiences, including
students, teachers, and the general public.
Educational radio programs can cover a
wide range of topics, from academic
subjects to cultural enrichment and community engagement. It is the most
accessible as it can reach people even in the most deprived areas. The delivery
formats in broadcast radio can be; discussion, documentary, drama and interview.

Advantages
• Wide Reach:
✓ Broadcast radio has a broad audience reach, making it an effective
medium to reach a large number of students, especially in rural or remote
areas where internet access may be limited.
• Cost-Effective:
✓ Setting up and maintaining a radio broadcast system can be more cost-
effective than some other forms of communication, such as internet-based
platforms or printed materials.
• Accessible:
✓ Radio is accessible to a wide range of individuals, including those who
may not have access to the internet or advanced technology. It is also
inclusive for people with disabilities, as it doesn't rely on visual content.
• Real-Time Information:
✓ Broadcast radio allows for the delivery of real-time information, such as
news updates or emergency announcements, which can be crucial in
educational settings.
• Minimal Technical Requirements:
✓ Radio broadcasting does not require sophisticated technical equipment
for listeners. Basic radio receivers are widely available and affordable.

Disadvantages
• Lack of Interactivity:
✓ Unlike some digital platforms, broadcast radio does not provide a high level
of interactivity. Listeners cannot easily ask questions or engage in
discussions, limiting the two-way communication that is often beneficial in
educational settings.
• Limited Content Storage:
 ✓ Radio broadcasts are ephemeral, and there's no inherent capability for
archiving or storing content for later access. This can be a disadvantage for
students who miss a broadcast or want to revisit the material.
• Audio-Only Format:
✓ While audio is a powerful medium, it lacks the visual element that can
enhance learning experiences. Certain educational content may be better
conveyed through visual aids, diagrams, or videos.
• Limited Customization:
✓ Broadcasting content to a diverse audience may limit the ability to customize
material for specific groups or individual learning styles.

Audio Conferencing
Also known as teleconferencing. It is a
delivery system in which instruction is an
alternative delivery system in which
instruction may happen through
telecommunication system. Exchange of
ideas, information and messages are
articulated remotely from the teacher to
students and vice versa with the use of
telephone or computer.
Advantages
• Remote Learning:
✓ Audio conferencing enables remote learning by allowing students to
participate in virtual classrooms or attend lectures from different locations.
This is particularly valuable for learners who cannot be physically present on
campus or person with disabilities.
• Accessibility:
✓ It doesn’t need much internet reception compared to other technologies, as
it only uses audio in communicating.
• Parent-Teacher Communication:
✓ Audio conferencing facilitates communication between parents and
teachers. Virtual parent-teacher conferences allow for discussions about a
student's progress, academic performance, and any concerns.

Disadvantages
 • Technical Issues:
✓ Poor internet connectivity, audio quality issues, and technical glitches
can disrupt the learning experience and hinder effective communication.
• Limited Interaction:
✓ Audio conferencing lacks the non-verbal cues and face-to-face
interaction found in traditional classrooms, which can impact student
engagement and understanding.
• Distractions:
✓ Students may face distractions at home or other remote locations,
reducing their focus on the class and potentially impacting their learning
outcomes.
• Lack of Hands-On Activities:
✓ Some subjects, particularly those that require hands-on activities or
experiments, may not be well-suited for audio-only formats.
• Social Isolation:
✓ Extended use of audio conferencing without in-person interactions can
contribute to social isolation among students, as they miss out on the
social aspects of traditional classroom settings.

Web Conferencing
Web conferencing in education refers to
the use of online communication tools
and platforms to facilitate virtual
meetings, classes, and collaborative
activities within an educational context.
This technology enables educators and
students to engage in real-time
discussions, share content, and
participate in interactive sessions,
regardless of their physical locations. Web conferencing in education has become
increasingly prevalent, especially in distance learning and online courses.

Advantages
• Global Reach:
✓ Educational institutions can reach a global audience by using web
conferencing. Guest speakers, experts, or educators from different parts
of the world can deliver lectures or presentations without the need for
physical travel.
• Virtual Classrooms:
 ✓ Web conferencing platforms create virtual classrooms where teachers
can conduct live lessons, lectures, and interactive sessions. Students
can join these sessions from their own devices, promoting remote
learning.
• Interactive Discussions:
✓ Web conferencing supports interactive discussions through chat
features, audio, and video communication. Students can ask questions,
participate in discussions, and collaborate with peers during live
sessions.
• Assessment and Evaluation:
✓ Educators can use web conferencing for conducting assessments,
quizzes, and exams in real-time, ensuring secure and monitored testing
environments.
• Recording and Archiving:
✓ Many web conferencing platforms offer the ability to record sessions.
This feature is beneficial for students who may miss a live class and
allows for content review at a later time.
• Inclusive Learning Environments:
✓ Web conferencing promotes inclusivity by accommodating students with
diverse needs. Features like closed captions, chat options, and
accessible materials contribute to a more inclusive learning experience.
• Engaging Multimedia Content:
✓ Educators can incorporate multimedia elements into their presentations,
including videos, images, interactive slides and games such as Kahoot,
to enhance engagement and convey complex concepts effectively.

Disadvantages
• Technical Issues:
✓ Students and educators may experience connectivity issues, leading to
disruptions in the learning process.
✓ Some students may not have access to the necessary devices or may face
compatibility issues with the required software.
• Dependence on Technology:
✓ Not all students may have equal access to technology, leading to disparities
in participation and learning outcomes.
✓ Some students and educators may struggle with the learning curve
associated with new technologies, affecting their ability to fully utilize web
conferencing tools.
• Security Concerns:
 ✓ Web conferencing platforms may have privacy concerns, particularly if they
collect and store sensitive data. Instances of unauthorized access to virtual
classrooms may pose a risk.
✓ The transmission of sensitive information over the internet raises concerns
about data security and the potential for breaches.
• Distractions:
• Learning from home can be challenging due to potential distractions,
impacting students' ability to focus on the educational content being
presented.
• Overreliance on Lectures:
• Web conferencing can sometimes lead to a more passive learning
experience, with students primarily receiving information through lectures
rather than engaging in active discussions or hands-on activities.
• Fatigue:
• Prolonged use of web conferencing platforms may lead to "Zoom fatigue,"
characterized by increased feelings of exhaustion, eye strain, and
reduced attention span.
• Accessibility Challenges:
• Some web conferencing tools may not be fully accessible to individuals
with disabilities, potentially excluding them from the learning experience.

TV- Based Learning

Refers to the use of television as a medium
for delivering educational content. This
approach utilizes television broadcasts to
provide instructional material, courses, or
educational programs to a wide audience.
This modality often follows a specific
broadcast schedule. Viewers can tune in at
designated times to watch educational
programs or lessons. This scheduling
provides a structured learning experience.

Advantages
• Wide Reach:
✓ TV-based learning allows for a wide dissemination of educational content,
reaching a large and diverse audience, especially in areas with limited
internet access.
• Accessibility:
 ✓ Television is a common household item in many regions, making TV-based
learning accessible to a broad population without the need for specific
devices.
• Cost-Effective:
✓ Compared to some digital technologies, setting up and broadcasting
educational content through television can be cost-effective, especially
when considering the potential reach.
• Versatility:
✓ Educational programs can be adapted to different age groups, levels of
expertise, and cultural contexts, making TV-based learning versatile in its
applicability.
• Visual Appeal:
✓ Television allows for the integration of multimedia elements, making
educational content visually appealing and potentially more engaging for
learners.
• No Internet Dependency:
✓ In regions where internet access is limited or unreliable, TV-based learning
provides an alternative that doesn't depend on online connectivity.

Disadvantages
• Limited Interactivity:
✓ TV-based learning may lack the interactive elements found in digital
platforms, limiting opportunities for active engagement, feedback, and
learner participation.
• One-Way Communication:
✓ Television is typically a one-way communication medium. Students
passively receive information without the immediate opportunity to ask
questions or engage in real-time discussions.
• Outdated Content:
✓ Educational content on television may become outdated, and updates may
not be as immediate or flexible as in digital formats.
• Lack of Personalization:
✓ TV-based learning may not cater to individual learning styles or offer
personalized learning experiences, as content is broadcast to a broad
audience.
• Limited Feedback:
 ✓ Learners may face challenges in obtaining timely feedback on their
progress or understanding, which can hinder their ability to address
misconceptions.
Instructional Material Used in Synchronous Learning

• Slide Presentations:
✓ Live Lectures: Instructors use slide presentations to deliver live lectures,
covering key concepts, visuals, and supporting information.
✓ PowerPoint or Google Slides: Slides with text, images, and diagrams are
commonly used for structured presentations.

• Whiteboard and Annotations:

✓ Digital Whiteboard: Instructors can use digital whiteboards to illustrate
concepts, draw diagrams, and annotate content in real-time.
✓ Annotation Tools: Interactive tools for annotating slides or shared documents
during live sessions.

• Video Content:
✓ Live Video Streams: Instructors may use live video streaming to broadcast
lectures or demonstrations.
✓ Embedded Videos: Integration of relevant video clips during the
synchronous session for visual demonstrations.

• Polls and Quizzes:

✓ Live Polls: Instructors use polling tools to gather real-time feedback,
opinions, or responses from students.
✓ Quick Quizzes: Short quizzes conducted during the synchronous session
to assess understanding.
• Chat and Messaging:
✓ Live Chat: Chat features for real-time communication between participants,
enabling questions, discussions, and collaboration.
✓ Private Messaging: Instructors may use private messaging for one-on-one
communication with students.

• Document Sharing:
✓ Live Document Collaboration: Real-time collaboration on documents,
allowing participants to contribute simultaneously.
 ✓ Shared Google Docs or Microsoft Word: Collaboration on written
assignments or group projects during live sessions.
• Discussion Forums:
✓ Live Discussions: Structured discussions facilitated by the instructor during
the synchronous session.
✓ Breakout Rooms: Subdividing the class into smaller groups for focused
discussions or activities.

• Interactive Quizzes and Games:

✓ Live Quiz Games: Gamified quizzes or interactive activities conducted in
real-time for engagement.
✓ Kahoot! or Quizizz: Platforms that support live quizzes with competitive
elements.

Commonly Used Apps/Platforms During Synchronous Learning in the

Philippine Education

• Video Conferencing Platforms and instant chat:

✓ Zoom: Widely used for virtual meetings, webinars, and online classes with
features like video conferencing, screen sharing, and breakout rooms.
✓ Microsoft Teams: Combines video conferencing, chat, and collaboration
tools, often integrated with Microsoft 365.
✓ Google Meet: Part of the Google Workspace suite, offering video
conferencing and collaboration features.

• Live Presentations/Discussion
✓ Microsoft 365 (Word, Excel, PowerPoint): used in making reporting.
✓ Canva: makes the students presentation more creative and presentable.

• Interactive Games and quizzes

✓ Kahoot: a game-based learning platform that allows educators to create
quizzes, surveys, and games that can be played by students in real-time.
 ✓ Quizlet: Teachers can create quizzes and tests using the flashcard content
they have generated. This feature allows for more formalized assessments
in real time with timer.

2. Asynchronous Learning
Asynchronous learning is an
instructional approach that allows
students to access educational
materials and engage in learning
activities at their own pace and on their
own schedule, without the need for
simultaneous, real-time interaction with
an instructor or other students. In
asynchronous learning, participants
have the flexibility to learn independently, and interactions are not bound by a
specific time or location.

Characteristics of Asynchronous Learning

• Flexible Schedule:
✓ Asynchronous learning allows learners to access course materials and
complete assignments at a time that is convenient for them. This flexibility
accommodates various schedules and time zones.
• Self-Paced:
✓ Participants progress through the learning materials at their own pace.
This caters to different learning styles and allows individuals to spend
more time on challenging concepts or move quickly through familiar
content.
• No Real-Time Interaction:
✓ Unlike synchronous learning, there is no requirement for simultaneous,
real-time interaction between instructors and students. Communication
and engagement are not bound by specific class times.
• Access to Resources:
✓ Learners have access to a variety of resources, including pre-recorded
lectures, readings, multimedia content, and discussion forums. These
resources are available for review whenever needed.
• Message Boards:
✓ Participants can post questions, engage in discussions, and respond to
prompts at their convenience.
• Recorded Lectures and Presentations:
✓ Instructors can provide recorded lectures and presentations that learners
can watch or listen to at any time. This flexibility is particularly beneficial
for review and reference.
• Time for Reflection:
✓ Asynchronous learning provides participants with time for reflection.
Learners can think critically about the content, engage in thoughtful
discussions, and take the time needed to grasp complex concepts.
• Increased Inclusivity:
✓ Asynchronous learning can be more inclusive, accommodating individuals
with varying learning styles, preferences, and commitments outside of
academia.
• Effective for Busy Schedules:
✓ Asynchronous learning is well-suited for individuals with busy schedules,
such as working professionals or students managing multiple
responsibilities.

Instructional Material Used in Asynchronous Learning

• Text-based Content:
✓ Readings and Textbooks: Digital or online readings provide written content,
explanations, and information on the subject matter.
✓ PDFs and Documents: Instructional materials may include downloadable
documents, such as PDFs, Word documents, or slides, with written content
and visuals.
• Multimedia Presentations:
✓ Recorded Lectures: Video or audio recordings of lectures allow students to
listen to or watch course content at their own pace.
✓ Slide Presentations: PowerPoint or similar presentations with visuals,
diagrams, and key points are often shared for self-guided learning.
• Video Content:
✓ Educational Videos: Short video clips or longer educational videos that
cover specific topics and concepts.
✓ Documentaries: When relevant, documentaries can provide a deeper
understanding of real-world applications or historical context.
• Podcasts and Audio Resources:
✓ Educational Podcasts: Audio content covering course-related topics,
discussions, or interviews with experts in the field.
• Written Assignments:
 ✓ Essays and Papers: Assignments that require students to write essays,
research papers, or reflections on course content.
✓ Discussion Posts: Written responses to prompts or questions, giving
feedback and serves as a guide to the students.
• Webinars and Recorded Web Conferences:
✓ Recorded Webinars: Access to recorded sessions of webinars or virtual
events related to the course.

Common Apps/Platform Used During Asynchronous Learning in the

Philippine Education
• Communication and Collaboration:
✓ Microsoft Teams (Chat): Offers a chat platform for asynchronous
communication and collaboration.
✓ Facebook Messenger (Group Chat): allows the students to ask questions
and gives suggestions.
• Task, Portal for Course Material, Announcement
✓ University Virtual App (UVE): where the teachers, posts all the needed
course pack, activities/tasks and gives feedback. As well as in giving
instructions and announcements.
✓ Google Classroom: Students can pass their works here and interact with
each other, as well as in notifying if there are posted announcement.
• File Sharing and Document Collaboration:
✓ Google Drive: Facilitates document sharing, collaboration, and storage
with Google Docs, Sheets, and Slides.
✓ Microsoft OneDrive: Allows for the creation and sharing of documents
within the Microsoft 365 suite.
• Email Communication:
✓ Gmail: Commonly used for asynchronous communication between
instructors and students.
✓ Outlook: Microsoft's email platform, often integrated with other Microsoft
365 apps.
• Video Hosting Platforms:
✓ YouTube: Allows for the creation and sharing of instructional videos,
beneficial for a self-paced learning.
3. Blended Learning
Blended learning, also known as hybrid
or mixed-mode learning, is an
instructional approach that combines
traditional face-to-face and online
learning. In a blended learning model,
educators integrate technology and
online resources into the traditional
classroom setting, creating a dynamic
and flexible learning environment. The goal is to leverage the strengths of both in-
person and online instruction to enhance the overall learning experience.

Characteristics of Blended Learning

• Synchronous and Asynchronous Activities:
✓ Blended learning includes a mix of synchronous activities (real-time
interactions, discussions, or lectures) and asynchronous activities (self-
paced reading, assignments, or discussions) to accommodate different
schedules and learning preferences.
• Technology Integration:
✓ Educational technologies, such as multimedia presentations, interactive
simulations, and collaborative tools, are integrated into both in-person and
online components to enhance the learning experience.
• Flipped Classroom
✓ Pre-Class Preparation: Students prepare for the class by independently
reviewing instructional materials, such as video lectures, readings, or online
resources, before coming to class.
✓ In-Class Activities: Classroom time is dedicated to interactive and
collaborative activities, discussions, problem-solving, and application of
concepts. The teacher facilitates and supports student engagement.
• Feedback and Assessment:
✓ Blended learning incorporates both online and in-person assessments.
Formative and summative assessments may include quizzes, exams,
discussions, and project-based evaluations.
• Adaptability to Diverse Learning Needs:
✓ Blended learning models are adaptable to accommodate diverse learning
needs, catering to students with different learning styles, preferences, and
technological proficiencies.
 ✓ Student Accountability:
✓ Flipped classrooms require students to be accountable for their learning
outside of class by completing assigned readings or watching videos,
preparing them for active engagement in class.

Questions To Consider Prior To The Implementation of Alternative Delivery

System

1. What is my learning outcome for the course

✓ Clearly define the educational objectives and goals you aim to achieve with
your course. This includes understanding what knowledge, skills, or
competencies you want your students to gain by the end of the instructional
period.
2. How will the delivery of the lesson be understandable for the students?
✓ Consider the clarity and accessibility of your instructional materials. Ensure
that the content is presented in a way that is easily understandable for your
target audience, taking into account diverse learning styles and potential
challenges in comprehension.
3. What approach is effective to this kind of delivery?
✓ Identify the most suitable instructional approach for the alternative delivery
system you're planning to use. Whether it's asynchronous online courses,
blended learning, or another method, choose an approach that aligns with
your learning objectives and the preferences of your students.
4. Where are my students situated?
✓ Identify the most suitable instructional approach for the alternative delivery
system you're planning to use. Whether it's asynchronous online courses,
blended learning, or another method, choose an approach that aligns with
your learning objectives and the preferences of your students.
5. How many students do I have?
✓ Assess the number of students in your course. The size of your audience
can influence the choice of instructional methods, communication
strategies, and the level of personalization you can provide in the learning
experience.
6. How long does the delivery of instruction takes (hours and number of sessions)?
 ✓ Determine the duration of your instructional sessions and the overall course.
This helps in planning the pacing of the content delivery, structuring
assessments, and managing the workload for both you and your students.

Advantages of Alternative Delivery Systems in General

Having alternative delivery systems in education is important for several reasons,
and it addresses various challenges and opportunities in the evolving landscape
of learning.
• Preparedness for the Future:
✓ Embracing alternative delivery systems prepares educational institutions
and learners for the future. As technology continues to advance, having a
variety of delivery options ensures adaptability and relevance in an ever-
changing educational landscape.
• Pandemic Preparedness:
✓ The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of having alternative
delivery systems for education. Online learning, remote teaching, and
flexible learning models became essential during times of disruptions,
allowing education to continue despite physical restrictions.
• Flexibility and Accessibility:
✓ Alternative delivery systems, such as online courses, blended learning, or
asynchronous learning, provide flexibility for learners to access educational
content at their own pace and from different locations. This flexibility is
particularly beneficial for non-traditional students, working professionals,
and those with diverse learning needs.
• Catering to Different Learning Styles:
✓ Students have varied learning styles, and alternative delivery systems allow
educators to incorporate diverse instructional methods, multimedia, and
interactive content to accommodate different preferences. This can
enhance engagement and understanding among a diverse student
population.
• Lifelong Learning and Continuous Education:
✓ Alternative delivery systems support the concept of lifelong learning by
providing opportunities for individuals to acquire new skills, update
knowledge, and pursue education at any stage of their lives. This is
essential in a rapidly changing job market that demands continuous
adaptation and upskilling.
• Effective Use of Technology:
 ✓ Leveraging technology in education allows for innovative and engaging
learning experiences. Interactive simulations, virtual labs, video lectures,
and collaborative tools contribute to a richer educational environment that
goes beyond traditional methods.

Disadvantages of Alternative Delivery Systems in General

• Limited Social Interaction:
✓ Alternative delivery systems may lack the face-to-face interaction found in
traditional classrooms, leading to reduced opportunities for socialization,
group activities, and spontaneous discussions.
• Technology Dependency:
✓ Learners without access to suitable devices or reliable internet connectivity
may face barriers to participating in alternative delivery systems,
contributing to the digital divide.
• Potential for Isolation:
✓ Learners in alternative delivery systems may experience feelings of
isolation or disconnection from the learning community due to the absence
of physical presence and in-person interactions.
• Adaptability Challenges:
✓ Some individuals, particularly those accustomed to traditional learning
methods, may find it challenging to adapt to alternative delivery systems,
leading to resistance or reduced engagement.
• Complex Assessment:
✓ Designing effective assessments in alternative delivery systems can be
complex. Ensuring the integrity of assessments and preventing cheating
may require additional measures.
• Overemphasis on Technology:
✓ Overreliance on technology can overshadow the importance of other
essential skills, such as interpersonal communication and hands-on
practical experience.

Reference/s:

PressReader.com - Digital Newspaper & Magazine Subscriptions. (n.d.).

Www.pressreader.com. https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/sunstar-
pampanga/20181013/281681140839189
alternative delivery system. (2018, October 26). SlideShare.
https://www.slideshare.net/janeaudreyanionmay291998/alternative-
delivery-system?fbclid=IwAR3nxsbQdGjLizw-
MkrPV8qNZ74mr9DpeFwCF4A5x6CjEOF0qwviFTVyF2c

Scribd. (n.d.). Scribd. Retrieved January 31, 2024, from

https://www.scribd.com/embeds/402038343/content?start_page=1&view_
mode=scroll&access_key=key-
fFexxf7r1bzEfWu3HKwf&fbclid=IwAR1l9iqJQY35NgWibKRm8zUa9l6V3gC
OTloueqitKrLaMgq0UZbVHFWx1Mg

Gerald. (n.d.). Choosing The Best Delivery System For Your Educational Setting:
Traditional Vs Alternative Methods – june29.com. Retrieved January 31,
2024, from https://www.june29.com/what-is-alternative-delivery-system-in-
education/?fbclid=IwAR195e0vCojIhwoLS5dWNmcu3ftAgka6tSzDTqxOzx
qz4lQhxUEcKqUlp40

ALTERNATIVE DELIVERY SYSTEM. (n.d.). Www.youtube.com. Retrieved

January 31, 2024, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UF1QgW7jjRY

Alternative Delivery System- Chapter 9. (n.d.). Www.youtube.com. Retrieved

January 31, 2024, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FMWgiuZydkk

Reported By:

MAGANDAM, JENNY ROSE M.

BPEd-3 Student
 TEACHERS AS INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL

Learning Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. List down the teachers’ qualities to be considered valuable instructional
material.
2. Create a role-play scenario proving teachers cannot be replaced by artificial
intelligence (AI) as effective instructional material.
3. Value the role of teachers as effective instructional material and artificial
intelligence (AI) as a helpful assistant rather than a potential replacement for
human teachers.

The term "teacher as an instructional material" refers to the role of the

teacher as a crucial and dynamic resource in the educational process. While
teachers are not physical materials like textbooks or charts, they play a central role
in delivering instruction, facilitating learning, and creating a supportive learning
environment.
The role of a teacher extends far beyond delivering lectures and assigning
assessments. In the dynamic realm of education, teachers are not merely
conveyors of information; they are, in essence, instructional materials that play a
pivotal role in shaping the minds of their students. This compilation explores the
multifaceted dimensions of the teacher as instructional material, highlighting the
profound impact educators have on the learning journey.
Teachers are often considered the best instructional material due to their
unique and dynamic role in the educational process. Unlike traditional instructional
materials, which may include textbooks, videos, or online resources, teachers
possess distinctive qualities that contribute significantly to the learning experience.

Here are several reasons why teachers are considered the best instructional
material,

1. Facilitators of Learning:
Teachers guide students through the learning process, explaining concepts,
providing examples, and answering questions. They adapt their teaching
methods to meet the needs of individual students and the overall class.
2. Modeling Behavior and Values:
Teachers are not only purveyors of academic knowledge but also exemplars of
behavior and values. Students often learn not only from what is taught but also
from observing the teacher's actions and attitudes. The teacher's conduct, work
ethic, and interpersonal skills become instructional materials that contribute to
the holistic development of learners.
3. Building Relationships:
Effective teaching involves establishing meaningful connections with students.
The teacher's ability to create a positive and inclusive learning environment
becomes a crucial instructional material. A supportive atmosphere fosters trust,
encourages participation, and enhances the overall educational experience.
4. Interpersonal Skills:
Teachers build relationships with students, creating a positive and inclusive
learning environment. Their interpersonal skills foster trust, engagement, and
effective communication within the classroom. It is where a teacher takes the
time to understand each student's background, interests, and challenges,
creating a supportive atmosphere where students feel comfortable expressing
their thoughts and seeking help.
5. Immediate Feedback:
Unlike static instructional materials, teachers provide immediate and
personalized feedback to students. This helps in clarifying doubts, reinforcing
concepts, and guiding students toward improvement. It is where after a class
discussion, a teacher provides specific feedback on individual contributions,
addressing misconceptions, and offering praise for thoughtful insights, creating
a dynamic feedback loop.
6. Catering to Emotional Needs:
Teachers understand the emotional well-being of their students and provide a
supportive and caring environment. This emotional support contributes to
effective learning and holistic development. It is where a teacher acknowledges
the emotional challenges students may face, offering encouragement,
empathy, and creating a classroom culture that values emotional well-being
alongside academic success.
7. Dynamic Classroom Management:
Teachers employ effective classroom management strategies, creating an
environment conducive to learning. They can adapt their methods based on the
specific needs and behaviors of the class. Recognizing the need for
engagement, a teacher incorporates interactive activities, group discussions,
and individual projects to maintain a lively and focused classroom atmosphere.
A teacher can modify lesson plans, introduce creative teaching strategies, and
design engaging activities to cater to different learning styles and challenges.
8. Complex Decision-Making:
Teaching often involves making complex decisions that require a deep
understanding of context, ethics, and the unique characteristics of each
student. AI may struggle with the complexity of these decisions, especially in
situations where ethical considerations and real-time judgment are crucial. A
teacher might make decisions related to classroom management, assessment
strategies, and student support that go beyond the capabilities of AI algorithms.
9. Cultural Sensitivity:
Teachers often need to navigate and understand diverse cultural backgrounds
within the classroom. They provide contextually sensitive education, respecting
cultural differences and promoting inclusivity, a task that AI may struggle to
perform with the same level of nuance.

The teacher as instructional material embodies the heart and soul of education.
Beyond disseminating information, educators inspire, mentor, and guide students
on their educational journey. Recognizing the teacher's pivotal role in shaping
minds and fostering growth underscores the importance of investing in
professional development, creating supportive learning environments, and
acknowledging the transformative power of educators in the lives of their students.
Does Teacher Can Be Replaced by Any Artificial Intelligence?

The senior lecturer Mr. Stephen

Hall once said that “The AI may
have the potential to eventually
replace the teacher but I don’t think
it can replace the teacher”,
meaning AI might be smart enough,
but not enough to be a teacher.
Since the true idea of teaching means love which reflects the profound and
compassionate nature of the teacher-student relationship. In this context,
"teaching with love" goes beyond the mere transmission of information and
encompasses a deep commitment to the well-being and growth of the learner.
Love in teaching involves fostering a supportive and nurturing environment where
students feel valued, respected, and understood. It means recognizing and
appreciating the unique strengths and challenges of each student, and guiding
them with patience and empathy. While AI can assist in certain aspects of
education, it lacks the emotional intelligence, intuition, and genuine care that a
human teacher brings to the learning environment.
The true education is not just about acquiring knowledge; it's about shaping
young minds, instilling values, and nurturing human connections. And that is where
the magic of human teachers truly shines.
AI has undoubtedly proven its prowess in explaining popular topics and
providing information on a wide array of subjects. It can present facts and figures
in a concise and digestible manner, catering to various learning styles. In this fast-
paced digital age, where students are well-versed in technology and have the
world's information at their fingertips, AI can be a valuable tool to enhance their
learning experience.
Human teachers possess a unique blend of empathy, intuition, and
adaptability that cannot be replicated by machines. They can read the room, sense
when a student is struggling, and offer personalized guidance tailored to each
individual's needs. They provide encouragement, inspiration, and serve as
mentors who not only teach subject matter but also help students navigate the
complexities of life.
Education is also a deeply human experience that thrives on connection
and collaboration. Classroom discussions, debates, and group projects are
avenues where students learn from one another, share diverse perspectives, and
develop crucial interpersonal skills. While AI might offer pre-programmed
responses and simulate conversation, it lacks the depth of understanding and
genuine interaction that human teachers bring to the table.
Now, before you start feeling threatened by the advancements in AI, let me
offer you some reassurance. Rather than seeing AI as a potential replacement,
let's envision it as a teaching assistant, a co-worker who can help make your job
much easier. AI can assist with administrative tasks, such as grading assignments
or generating personalized lesson plans. It can provide data-driven insights into
student performance, enabling you to tailor your teaching strategies more
effectively. AI can even offer suggestions for engaging educational resources or
recommend strategies to address specific learning challenges.
Embracing AI in education can be a win-win situation. It allows teachers to
focus on what they do best—inspiring, guiding, and connecting with students on a
deeper level. Instead of spending hours on repetitive tasks, teachers can invest
their time in building relationships, designing innovative lessons, and fostering a
positive classroom culture. With AI taking care of the more mundane aspects of
teaching, educators can unleash their creativity and make a lasting impact on their
students' lives.

Conclusion:

While AI has undoubtedly made remarkable advancements in education, it

is unlikely to replace human teachers entirely. Education is a multifaceted journey
that goes beyond the transmission of knowledge. It's about shaping young minds,
instilling values, and fostering human connections. Human teachers possess the
unique ability to nurture and inspire students in ways that AI simply cannot
replicate.

So, don't be afraid. Embrace AI as a helpful assistant, a technological ally

that can enhance your teaching practice. Embrace the possibilities it brings, but
also recognize the profound impact you have as human teachers. You are the
mentors, guides, and role models who shape the next generation. And no matter
how advanced AI becomes, it will never replace the essence of what you do—
inspiring, guiding, and shaping young minds with your love and human touch.
Reference/s:

TEDx Talks. (2018). A.I. will never replace human teachers | Soufiane Amzur |
TEDxUCLouvain. In YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HAJORjDMw5c

Will AI Replace Teachers? Thoughts by Mr Stephen Hall. (n.d.).

Www.youtube.com. Retrieved February 1, 2024, from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9VGKC2vQicQ&fbclid=IwAR30O1DJhE
XG2WZq0aqme515MNIlB8x_kEY6b73IttxSn6goc7Ublq8eETo

Marbas, J. (n.d.). THE IMPORTANCE OF INSTRUCTIONAL

MATERIALS. Www.academia.edu. Retrieved February 1, 2024, from
https://www.academia.edu/8704377/THE_IMPORTANCE_OF_INSTRUCTI
ONAL_MATERIALS?fbclid=IwAR2t82iGgh6fK10BRAGS0_1nJ1Ec8Kh1E1
eMIkdRRRvHS2SlVbCVWok7K-w

Reported By:

MAGANDAM, JENNY ROSE M.

BPEd-3 Student
QUESTIONNAIRE

Multiple Choice: Read the questions carefully and write the letter of the correct
answer.

1. How does synchronous learning differ from asynchronous learning?

A. In real-time interaction
B. Through recorded lectures
C. Both a and b
D. None of the above
2. When is radio broadcasting in education considered particularly effective?
A. In crowded classrooms
B. In areas with limited internet connectivity
C. During synchronous sessions
D. Both a and c
3. Why is audio conferencing considered suitable for asynchronous learning?
A. It requires minimal internet reception.
B. It involves video communication.
C. It supports real-time interaction.
D. All of the above
4. How does web conferencing contribute to global reach in education?
A. By incorporating multimedia content
B. Through virtual classrooms
C. By facilitating remote learning
D. None of the above
5. Why are synchronous sessions structured with specific timeframes?
A. To accommodate different learning styles
B. To resemble traditional classroom schedules
C. To encourage asynchronous participation
D. Both a and c
6. Why are live demonstrations conducted during synchronous learning?
A. To promote asynchronous engagement
B. To enhance engagement in real-time
C. To facilitate offline discussions
D. None of the above
7. How does broadcast radio support accessibility in education?
A. By requiring internet connectivity
B. By reaching areas with limited internet access
C. By conducting live experiments
D. Both b and c
8. Why is cost-effectiveness a notable feature of broadcast radio in education?
A. Due to its reliance on advanced technologies
B. Because it requires substantial financial resources
C. As it is more affordable compared to other media
D. None of the above
9. In what situations is audio conferencing particularly beneficial?
A. During synchronous learning
B. When high-speed internet is readily available
C. For remote learning and parent-teacher communication
D. Both a and b
10. How does web conferencing contribute to inclusive learning environments?
A. By excluding students with diverse needs
B. Through closed captions and accessible materials
C. By limiting the engagement of students
D. None of the above

11. Why are teachers considered dynamic instructional materials?

A. Because they are printed materials
B. Because they adapt, personalize, and contextualize information
C. Because they follow a fixed curriculum
D. Because they only provide lectures
12. How do teachers contribute to the holistic development of students?
A. By only providing academic knowledge
B. By serving as passive observers
C. By exemplifying behavior and values
D. By avoiding personal connections with students
13. When do teachers provide immediate feedback to students?
A. Never
B. Only during exams
C. During group discussions
D. Only at the end of the semester
14. Why is a positive and inclusive learning environment crucial for effective
teaching?
A. It's not necessary
B. Because it looks good on reports
C. It fosters trust, encourages participation, and enhances the overall
educational experience
D. It's only for the benefit of the teacher
15. How do teachers cater to individual needs in the classroom?
A. By ignoring diverse learning styles
B. By providing the same materials to all students
C. By tailoring their approach through differentiated instruction
D. By following a one-size-fits-all approach
16. When does a teacher act as a mentor and guide for students?
A. Rarely
B. Only during scheduled mentoring sessions
C. Only during exams
D. Throughout the educational journey
17. How can teachers leverage technology as instructional material?
A. By avoiding technology in the classroom
B. By integrating innovative tools, educational platforms, and multimedia
resources
C. By solely relying on traditional methods
D. By using technology for personal entertainment
18. Why is continuous professional development important for teachers?
A. It's not necessary after obtaining a teaching degree
B. To maintain their employment status
C. To stay abreast of the latest pedagogical approaches and technological
advancements
D. Only for personal interest
19: When do teachers provide personalized guidance to students?
A. Never
B. Only during exams
C. Only during formal counseling sessions
D. When students are struggling or need assistance
20: Why is the teacher-student relationship considered essential in education?
A. It's not important
 B. Because it improves teacher evaluations
C. Because teaching is only about transmitting information
D. Because it fosters a supportive and nurturing learning environment
21. What is the primary role of instructional materials in a course?
A. To entertain students
B. To engage and demotivate students
C. To facilitate effective learning
D. To confuse students
22. Why is careful planning and selection of instructional materials crucial for
online courses?
A. To increase the cost of the course
B. To maximize student engagement and learning
C. To discourage students from participating
D. To limit access to course materials
23. What does ICT stand for in the context of education?
A. Internet and Communication Technologies
B. Information and Computer Tools
C. Interactive Content and Techniques
D. Instructional Curriculum Training
24. According to the provided information, what does ICT include besides
hardware and software?
A. Traditional teaching methods
B. Satellite communication devices
C. Outdoor activities
D. Physical education equipment
25. How is a projector useful in education?
A. It helps students in physical activities
B. It displays photos or images in a larger size
C. It scans documents and photos
D. It prints important documents quickly
26. What is the role of a digital camera in education, as mentioned in the text?
A. It scans documents
B. It is used for documentation of important events
C. It creates websites
D. It helps in spreadsheet computation
27. Which ICT tool is specifically mentioned for creating websites?
 A. Digital Camera
B. Projector
C. Web Design
D. Publishing Programs
28. How is TV used in teaching, according to the information provided?
A. To print documents
B. To create animations
C. To play movies related to lessons
D. To design websites
29. What is the significance of spreadsheets in education?
A. Creating animations
B. Scanning documents
C. Computing student scores or grades
D. Creating websites
30. In the context of education, what role does blogging play as an ICT tool?
A. Scanning documents
B. Creating websites
C. Computing student scores
D. Playing movies in class
31. According to the information, what is the role of presentation software in
education?
A. Creating websites
B. Computing student scores
C. Making discussions easier to understand
D. Scanning documents
32. What is the primary advantage of using animations as an ICT tool in
education?
A. Creating websites
B. Computing student scores
C. Making learning entertaining
D. Scanning documents
33. How does ICT help in the transition from a teacher-centered to a learner-
centered instruction model?
A. By discouraging student participation
B. By emphasizing teaching over learning
C. By making students self-reliant and active in the learning process
D. By limiting access to information
34. What does the information say about the role of teachers in an ICT-enabled
learning environment?
A. Teachers are only knowledge transmitters
B. Teachers become learning facilitators, guides, and co-learners
C. Teachers should limit interaction with students
D. Teachers should avoid using ICT tools
35. How does ICT contribute to making students more responsible for their
learning?
A. By restricting access to information
B. By making learning more passive
C. By enabling students to seek out relevant information and share
knowledge
D. By discouraging critical thinking
36. In the challenges section, what is identified as the most important challenge
in integrating ICT into education?
A. Lack of technical support
B. High cost of ICT tools
C. Poor ICT infrastructure
D. Weak government policies
37. What is mentioned as a challenge related to language and culture in the use
of ICT in education?
A. Lack of trained teachers
B. High cost of ICT tools
C. Poor ICT infrastructure
D. Majority of educational software in English
38. What is identified as a significant issue in integrating ICT in education due to
lack of specialized personnel?
A. Insufficient funds
B. Lack of technical support
C. Poor ICT infrastructure
D. Lack of trained teachers
39. According to the information, what is one way for schools without internet
access to utilize ICT in education?
A. Use of web design software
B. Radiobroadcasts and telecast
C. Pre-recorded CDs and DVDs
D. Interactive whiteboards
40. What is mentioned as a benefit of ICT in education in terms of students'
attendance and motivation?
a. Decreased motivation to go to school
b. Increased motivation to go to school
c. No impact on student motivation
d. Negative impact on attendance and motivation.
41. What defines Instructional Materials (TIMs)?
A. Only digital resources
B. Collection of materials for teaching and learning
C. Non-human resources only
D. Memorization tools
42. Which characteristic is true about TIMs?
A. Primary Digital
B. Student led exploration
C. Emphasis on creativity
D. Tangible and physical
43. What is a key advantage of TIMs?
A. Limited accessibility
B. Lack of versatility
C. High cost
D. Accessibility
44. In which domain do TIMs often focus on?
A. Psychomotor
B. Affective
C. Cognitive
D. Creative
45. What is the emphasis of TIMs in terms of learning style?
A. Rote learning
B. Active learning
C. Collaborative learning
D. Experiential learning
46. What is a characteristic of traditional instructional materials (TIMs)?
 A. Highly adaptable
B. Student-centered
C. Standardized and structured
D. Digital only format
47. Which is an example of TIM
A. Virtual reality simulation
B. Online discussion forum
C. Textbook
D. Educational app
48. What do workbooks typically contain?
A. Blank pages for drawing
B. Question and space for answer
C. Only Image
D. Audio instruction
49. What is the purpose of handouts in education?
A. To confuse students
B. To contain question exam
C. To provide information about the subject
D. To be used as teaching aid
50. What can charts and graphs help teachers determine?
A. Student attendance
B. Pattern of behavior
C. Classroom temperature
D. Teacher effectiveness
51. What are manipulatives in education?
A. Digital tools
B. Physical tools for teaching
C. Only Visual aids
D. Audio materials
52. What do blackboards and whiteboards facilitate?
A. Digital presentation
 B. Information sharing
C. Virtual instruction
D. Student-led exploration
53. In what context are manipulatives used?
A. Emotional intelligence
B. Physical education
C. Financial Literacy
D. Teaching and Learning
54. Which is NOT a characteristic of TIMs?
A. Teacher-centered
B. Hand-on Learning
C. Emphasis on exploration
D. Familiarity
55. What do traditional instructional materials provide in terms of learning
experience?
A. Boredom
B. Excitement and interactivity
C. Isolation
D. Digital experience
56. What is a disadvantage of TIMs mentioned in the passage?
A. lack of availability
B. Limited adaptability
C. High cost
D. Anxiety among students
57. Why are TIMs well-known to educators and students?
A. Due to digital nature
B. Easy use
C. High cost
D. Limited availability
58. How are TIMs often used in terms of instruction?
A. Exclusively with technology
 B. Carefully and in conjunction with other approaches
C. Without consideration of student needs
D. Primarily for assessment purposes
59. What is a key aspect of TIMs mentioned in the conclusion?
A. Ineffectiveness
B. Limited value
C. Adaptability
D. Exclusivity to specific subjects
60. What does the passage recommend regarding the use of TIMs in education?
A. Exclusive reliance on TIMs
B. Limited use in conjunction with technology
C. Disregard for student preferences
D. Strategic use as part of a broader teaching approach

Answer Key
14. C
1. A. 15. C
2. B. 16. D
3. A. 17. B
4. B. 18. C
5. B. 19. D
6. B. 20. D
7. B. 21. C
8. C. 22. B
9. C. 23. A
10. B. 24. B
11. B 25. B
12. C 26. B
13. C 27. C
28. C 56. B
29. C 57. B
30. B 58. B
31. C 59. C
32. C 60. D
33. C
34. B
35. C
36. B
37. D
38. B
39. C
40. B
41. B
42. D
43. D
44. C
45. A
46. C
47. C
48. B
49. C
50. B
51. B
52. B
53. D
54. C
55. B