History of Architecture China & Japan

GROUP C01
MUHAMMAD BINTANG NABILUNNUHA - 08111840000004
AFFAA LAYLA NUR AMARDHATILLAH -08111840000006
AUDIDA NARITYA - 08111840000045
FITRA RACHMA SAPHIRA - 08111740000018
FOGUANG TEMPLE GREAT EAST HALL
TANG DYNASTY (857 CE)
-large stone platform
-single storey
-inner & outer space
support by columns
-hip roof & complex
N bracket https://chrispythoughts.wordpress.com/2013/06/12/the-wooden-pagodas-
of-china/

ZUSHI PAGODA

-Funerary pagoda
-hexagonal
ESTABLISHED 5TH CE
-2 storey
(NORTHEN WEI DYNASTY)
>

HALL OF MANJUSRI http://www.china.org.cn/travel/cultural_relics/2012-07/31

845 CE BURNT DOWN https://images.lib.ncsu.edu/luna/servlet/detail/NCSULIB~1~1~884

/content_26079757_6.htm

96~147026?qvq=w4s%3A%2Fwhat%2FArchitecture%2Fwhere%
2FTaicheng%2C%2520Shanxi%2C%2520China&mi=9&trs=19

-single-cave hip
>

gable roof
857 REBUILT -4 support pillars
GATE (inside) > diagonal
>

beams
1937 REDISCOVERED https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Manjusri_Hall.JPG
(LIANG SICHENG) Reference : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foguang_Temple
ching,Francis D.K., Mark J., Vikramaditya P.
Sanju-sangen-do
Source :

(A Hall of thirty three bays) 1. Anon., 2016. Scribd. [Online].

Available at: https://www.scribd.com/document/316904921/Kyoto-Temple-Sanjusangendo
[Accessed 19 March 2020].
Kyoto, Japan (1200 CE) 2. DK Ching, Jarzombek and Prakash (2017). A Global History of Architecture.New Jersey : Wiley

Symbolizing peace by spreading Buddhistic faith throughout the country.

Using wood as main Willow stick and sacred
1. Frequent wars bulding material Architectural plan of this hall is based on arranging water are sprinkled over
2. 2 attempted 1.001 Kannon statues on the vast altar with 33 visitor at the ritual.
bays.
Mongolian invasions

Feeling of instability
Social Mountain priests pray for
peace.

Kannon Statues Hall of thirty three bays.

" Keshou-yaneu ra" Symbolizing Kannon Bodhisattva’s 33
Richly colored painting of clouds and flower
Construction different figures and display a thousand
petals similar Buddhist patterns
life-size statues of the thousand-armed
Technology Kannon (a bodhisattva goddess of mercy)
Archery contest started
since l6th century.

Today, annual Japanese

Natural disasters archery contest held on
the second Sunday of
January.
Feeling of instability
Environment " Keshou-yaneu ra" Construction.
Traditional construction style which has Original Site of Ho-juji Palace (Restoration).
been prevalently used since the Nara Located on the center of the Palace. Human expirience
Plan
Period (710-794).
FORCES REALIZATION IMPACT
 Reference :
DK Ching, Jarzombek and Prakash (2017). A Global History of
Architecture.New Jersey : Wiley

Kinkaku-Ji (The Golden Temple) Cart, Wright. 2019 Kinkaku-ji Temple. https://www.ancient.eu/Kinkakuji/

Kyoto, Japan. 1400 CE HISTORY :

LOCATION
2. Built as a retirement villa for Shogun Ahikaga
Yoshimitsu in the late 14th century

Converted into a Zen temple by his son

Burnt down in 1950 by a young monk
Rebuilt as an exact copy of original five years
later
1.
ARCHITECTURE:
1. The pavilion successfully incorporates
3 three distinct styles of architecture,

Third Floor (Zen Style)

Covered with gold. Contains a triad of Buddhas
figurines and holy room.

Second Floor (Samurai Style)

Covered with gold. Formed by an enclosed room

First Floor (Imperial Palace Style):

Creates a contrast between the earthly and
celestial. Walls are made of shutters to allow a SOCIAL & FUNCTIONS
certain amount of light and air
● was built as a place of
2. The roof is in a thatched pyramid with tranquility for a warlord and to
shingles and topped with a bronze hoo reflect his power and
(phoenix) ornament dedication to Japanese culture
● used today as a repository for
3. The gold leaf covering the upper stories the ashes of the Buddha and
hints at what is housed inside: the shrines one of the most enduring
Pond & the garden Entrance Tea House symbols of Kyoto
Summary
Historical Periods Social
● sculptures and murals on the
wall representing the
● Dou-gong bracket that keep ● The building layout as a respond
Foguang Temple importance of the building as
the building stiff (against to its surrounding (3 mountains;
800 CE Buddhist pilgrims stops
rotation force)
● Tribute to the peak of Chinese
Buddhist art
•This pagoda built in Song’s
dynasty era. This dinasy
Iron Pagoda known for its elegant living.
1000-1199 CE •As Buddhism spread into
China, the stupa fused with the
traditional Chinese tower.
Sanju-sangen-do ● Build in attempt to bring peace by ● "Keshou-yaneu ra" Construction. An
1200 CE spreading Buddhistic faith.
● Gold was an important
material because of its
underlying meaning and to
Kinkaku-ji
show great authority
1400 CE
● Houses statue of important
figures in Japanese religious
history
Technological Environmental Human Experience
east, north, south)
•There are 50 different
•It is a solid-core brick tower
•Historically, the pagoda has varieties of glazed brick on the
with an inner spiral stone
experienced 38 earthquakes, six pagoda’s exterior. The exterior
staircase and outside openings.
floods and many other disasters, also has 1,600 detailed and
•The new tower was built of
but it remains intact after almost intricate carvings. It is
nonflammable brick and
1,000 years intricately ornamented and
stone.
tall.
● After the completion of building there
● Using wood as the main bulding material are new tradition that continued
exposed roof structure. because of many natural disasters. until today (Toh-shiya, Yoji-josuiku,
Saito-goma).
● The organization of the built
elements in order to optimize the ● a grove as a subtle warning
● The pavilion uses gilding
flow of energy from the that tells he or she is entering
techniques to coat the
environment a holy place
building with gold leaf
● The garden made to resemble
nature