4.

Research Findings The review of the students' charging station evaluation suggests that the
current charging station does not provide adequate durability, power, and autonomy.
Additionally, the material costing was not optimized. Based on the Likert scale ratings, the
overall performance of the charging station is found to be average, with several improvements
recommended.

4.1 Charging Station Performance Review of the students' evaluation suggests that the charging station
has limited capacity for device charging and low battery autonomy. It also highlights that the current
system has issues with power stability, as indicated by several ratings indicating a weak or average
power. Moreover, the current charging station is reported to be prone to material deterioration and
requires regular maintenance, leading to lower durability ratings.

4.2 Charging Station Autonomy and Days of Autonomy Review of the students' evaluation reveals that
the charging station does not offer a significant number of days of autonomy. Furthermore, the majority
of students indicated that the current charging station is not able to maintain a full battery charge for a
significant period. This highlights the need for improved battery management and capacity in the
current charging station system.

4.3 Material Costing and Cost Effectiveness The review of the students' evaluation suggests that the
current charging station does not optimize material costing. Students indicated that the system is not
cost-effective and that its operation may result in increased expenses due to material wear and tear and
potential breakdowns. This highlights the need for more cost-effective materials and a redesign of the
current charging station system to minimize these costs.

4.4 Conclusion and Recommendations Based on the students' evaluation of the current charging station,
it is recommended that the system be redesigned and upgraded to enhance its performance and
efficiency. Improvements are suggested in the areas of material costing, durability, power, and
autonomy. This will involve replacing the current solar panels with larger and more efficient ones,
optimizing battery management and capacity, and improving the overall stability and durability of the
charging station. Additionally, regular maintenance and inspections should be conducted to minimize
the occurrence of material deterioration and system breakdowns.

Chapter 5. Implementation Plan 5.1 System Requirements The new charging station system should have
enhanced solar panel sizing and capacity, improved battery management and capacity, optimized power
stability, and more efficient material costing.

5.2 Project Milestones Milestone 1: Charging Station Redesign (3 months)

 Assess the current charging station's design and performance.

 Identify areas for improvement, including material costing, durability, power, and autonomy.

 Design a new charging station system with enhanced features.

Milestone 2: System Installation and Commissioning (2 months)

  Purchase the necessary components, including the upgraded solar panels, inverter, battery, and
other material.

 Install the new charging station system according to the design.

 Conduct commissioning tests to ensure the system's performance and functionality.

Milestone 3: Monitoring and Evaluation (3 months)

 Implement a monitoring system to track the performance and usage of the charging station.

 Conduct periodic evaluations of the system's performance, durability, power, autonomy, and
material costing.

 Make necessary adjustments and improvements based on the evaluation results.

Chapter 6. Future Work The success of the new charging station system should be monitored and
evaluated regularly to ensure its optimal performance. This will enable continuous improvement and
adaptation to emerging technologies and advancements in the field of solar energy and electricity
charging.

Appendix A: Student Charging Station Evaluation Survey

Appendix B: Revised Charging Station System Design

References

Chapter 7. Conclusion

The study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the current charging station system and recommends
improvements in areas such as material costing, durability, power, and autonomy. By implementing the
proposed system redesign and upgrading, the charging station can be significantly enhanced in terms of
performance, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Regular monitoring and evaluation of the system's
performance are essential to ensure its optimal functioning and ongoing adaptation to technological
advancements in the field of solar energy and electricity charging.

References

CSIR (2020). NISMODS (National Solar Radiation and Insolation Models for the Operation and
Deployment of Solar Applications). [online] Available
at: https://www.bom.gov.au/climate/monitoring/technology/solar/nism.shtml [Accessed 11 Nov. 2020].

Garg, R., Kothari, M., & Yadav, V. K. (2014). Charging station of electric vehicles using solar panels and
wind energy. Journal of Electrical Engineering & Automation, 3(3), 214-219.

Irfan, S., Islam, S., & Tareen, F. (2019). Performance assessment of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV)
charging system using a PV-grid energy source. IEEE Access, 7, 63178-63187.
Miracle-Smith, J., Hindmarch, J., Sivanathan, N., Brogan, D., Rautenstrauch, T., Chromy, P., et al. (2017).
Impacts of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and vehicle-to-home (V2H) on power system reliability. Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, 392-409.

Pernicka, R., Kondylakis, M., Vissarionou, C., Felipe, C., Alvarez, L., Svanholm, E., et al. (2016). Global
scenarios for electricity demand in building and transport sectors to 2050. Energy Strategy Reviews, 4,
235-244.

Richarddavis, D. (2021). What is Prototyping? The Prototyping Process in Interactive Systems

Development. [online] Available at: https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/what-is-
prototyping-the-prototyping-process-in-interactive-systems-development [Accessed 26 Dec. 2021].

Vogt, C., Vant Bril, L., Schleußner, J., Vielhauer, B., Warnat, R., Mönch, K., et al. (2014). On-road charging
station performance assessment considering dynamic range conditions. Transportation Research Part D:
Transport and Environment, 37, 214-225.

World Bank (2017). Electric Vehicles and Public Charging: An Investment in Low Carbon and Economic
Development. Washington, D.C.: World Bank Group.

Yu, Z., Gao, Z., Zhang, H., & Yang, Z. (2016). Evaluation of solar electric vehicle charging stations using
energy hub. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114, 511-518.

[end of the research paper]