3.

ELECTRICAL POWER GROUND

POWER

3.1 GROUND POWER 3.2 GROUND SERVICE POWER 1 3.2 GROUND SERVICE POWER 2

Introdiction: Normally, one external power Instead of supplying the whole network, In this boeing aircraft, similar switching is
source or one APU generator is sufficient external power can also be used to supply available for the ground service bus.
to supply all the consumers needs on the just the equipment for cleaning and 1. INTRODUCTION TO
ground. Either the APU generator or loading or unloading of the aircraft such ELECTRICAL POWER:
external power can supply the complete as lights, vacuum cleaner outlets and
electrical power distribution. cargo loading components. Generator: 3-phase, 115VAC,
External power connection:There are two This equipment is connected to ground Part 1: Electrical 400HZ
types of external power source. The first service busses.
type shown here is the fixed station which System 1.1 Electrical power sources:
is mainly used in or near to the The ground service busses are normally
maintenance hangar and the second type supplied by the normal power distribution.
Five different AC power source: Generator,
is a movable cart.
external power, APU, emergnecy, static
However these busses can be switched
External power activition:When external directly to the ground power source by a 1.2 POWER DISTRIBUTION:
AC, DC distribution can be divided into 3 inverter All AC power is provided at
power is available, you have to perform ground service or maintenance bus
parts: Normal, Essential, emergency 115VAC, 400Hz, 3 phases (except the static
several checks before you are allowed to switch.This switch is usually located in the
inverter
switch on the power.This ensures that all cabin near the entrance door.
systems are in a defined switching state to 1.3 ELECTRICAL MONITORING
prevent unexpected and even dangerous
situations. The control of the eletrical system mainly
2. ELECTRICAL POWER MAIN DC, automatic, but some must be performed
ESSENTIAL AND EMERGENCY 1.4 Main AC Power distribution manualy
POWER DISTRIBUTION The main AC distribution consits: The main AC busses, The
power source switching, The bus tie switching, main AC bus The electrical power control panel located
for each engine driven generator on the overhead panel of the cockpit.
2.1 MAIN DC POWER PARALLEL
OPERATION The AC bus function: Connects the power source to all the
electrical consumers which use the same type of electrical
Main DC distribution: It consists of the power.
main DC busses and the main DC power
switching. Normally each mainDC bus is Load shedding: Load shedding improves the reliability of the
2.2 MAIN DC POWER ISOLATED
powered by the corresponding main AC power relays and prevents an overload of the power source.A
OPERATION
bus via a transformer rectifier unit. power source switching always occurs when an existing
Therefore, we have as many main DC power source is lost or when a new power source becomes
The main DC Power distribution must
busses as main AC busses. available.
always work in isolated operation on an
aircraft equipped with an electrical flight
2.3 AC ESSENTIAL POWER DISTRIBUTION Automatic bus tie switching: If one engine driven generator
control system
fails, the bus tie switching automatically closes both bus tie
The essential power distribution consists power relays and the remaining generator supplies the
This prevents a single failure such as a
mainly of an AC part and a DC part and complete electrical power distribution.
short circuit, from affecting the com-
plete flight control system all at once. suppliesall the systems that are necessary
to operate the aircraft safely, such as the Manual bus tie switching: Used to prevent bus tie switching in
2.4 DC ESSENTIAL POWER DISTRIBUTION
captain's navigation and communication case of smoke in the cockpit generated by a short circuit. The
equipment and important control and only manual action that is possible with bus tie switching is to
DC essential bus and the corresponding
warning systems. inhibit a closure of the bus tie power relays.
DC essential busswitching: The DC
essential bus is the real power source for
Parrarel operation of generator (multiengine aircraft): The only
the electrical flight control system
manualaction that is possible with bus tie switching is to
number 1. The DC essential bus switching
inhibit a closure of the bus tie power relays.
activates the Essential TR Unit as the
alternate power source for the DC
Bus tie switching in parrarel operation
essential bus. 2.5 EMERGENCY POWER SWITCHING
Ground power source switching part 1:
Transfer busses The emergency power switching is fully
automatic during flight. But in Ground power source switching part 2
Emergency power introduction:When all additionmanual switching is always
main power sources are lost, the captain possible, manual switching function is No break power transfer: When power source switching is
still needs all necessary information to very important on the ground. This is to performed from one power source to another one which is
land the aircraft safely as instruments, the inhibit the emergency and battery power not allowed to work in parallel, a loss of power for about a
engine and warning indications and the switching before the last main power tenth of a second normally occurs.
major communication systems. source, such as external power is switched
off.