DAYCARE CENTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CASE STUDY

CITY KIDS DAY CARE CENTER FORTPORTAL CITY

BY

ATEGEKAMONICA

2020/U/MMU/BCS/002

E-mail: ategekamonica45@gmail.com

Phone Number: 0786829519/0703787212

FACULTY OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION

A Research proposal submitted to the faculty of science technology and innovation in

partial fulfillment of Award of Bachelors Degree of science in computer science at
Mountains of the Moon University

Supervisor

MR TUMWEBAZE GODFREY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION

Mountains of the Moon University

DECLARATION

I ATEGEKA MONICA declare that this piece of work is my original effort and that it has never
been submitted in any other institution of learning for the award of any academic credential.

Signature………………………………. Date ……………………………..

ATEGEKA MONICA

2020/U/MMU/BCS/002

Department of Computer Science

Faculty of science technology and innovation Mountains of the Moon University

Approval
This research proposal will be submitted to the Faculty of science technology and Innovation
Mountains of the moon University for Examination with the approval of the following supervisor

Signature………………………………………………………………………

Date …....................................

Mr.Tumwebaze Godfrey

Department of computer science

Faculty of science technology and innovation

Mountains of the moon university.

i
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

USD united states dollars

MMU Mountains of the moon university

BIT Bachelors of information technology

BCS Bachelors of Computer science

DBMS Data Base Management System

HTML Hyper text markup language

UNICEF

ECCE Early childhood education

CCIs child care institutions

ii
Table of Content

Approval...........................................................................................................................................i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...............................................................................................................ii
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................v
CHAPTER ONE..............................................................................................................................1
1.1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................1
1.2 BACKGROUND...................................................................................................................1
1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT....................................................................................................2
1.4 OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................................2
1.4.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES...................................................................................................2
1.5.1PHYSICAL SCOPE................................................................................................................3
1.5.2TECHNICAL SCOPE:........................................................................................................3
This scope specifically will point out key features for the proposed day care management
system...........................................................................................................................................3
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.......................................................................................3
2.0 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW...................................................................................4
2.1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................4
2.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK..........................................................................................4
2.3.0 DEFINITION OF TERMS.....................................................................................................4
2.3.3 EARLY CHILDHOOD.......................................................................................................4
2.3.4 DAYCARE.........................................................................................................................4
2.3.5 FULL DAY SYSTEM........................................................................................................5

iii
2.4.0 CATEGORIES OF DAYCARE SERVICES.........................................................................5
2.4.1 NANNIES...........................................................................................................................5
2.4.4 PROBLEMS WITH INSTITUTIONAL CHILDCARE.....................................................6
2.5 FAMILIES THAT USE HOME-BASED DAYCARE.............................................................6
2.6 CHALLENGES FACED BY CAREGIVERS..........................................................................7
2.7 STUDY OF THE EXISTING DAY CARE SYSTEMS...........................................................8
2.7.1 Kinder Care.........................................................................................................................9
2.7.2 Sitter city.............................................................................................................................9
2.8 DAYCARE CENTER OBJECTIVES.......................................................................................9
2.9.2 IMPORTANCE OF QUALITY EDUCATION IN DAYCARE CENTERS.....................9
3.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................15
3.3.1 Document review..............................................................................................................15
3.3.2 Interview...........................................................................................................................15
3.3.3Observation........................................................................................................................16
3.3 System design and implementation.........................................................................................16
3.3.1 HTML...............................................................................................................................16
3.3.2 PHP...................................................................................................................................16
3.3.3 MYSQL:............................................................................................................................17
3.4 Development methodology......................................................................................................17
3.5 Ethical considerations..............................................................................................................18
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................20
List of figures

Diagram to show prototyping model…………………………………………………22

iv
ABSTRACT
Online daycare service is becoming a promising business worldwide. Though it is a new idea in
Uganda. We can reasonably say that the process of searching &acquiring service on the web is
becoming common task. An online daycare management system is an online web application
where the customers can search online service of those caring for their kids. Through a web
browser the customers can search for daycare service online by its name, package (profile), later
can place an appointment request. The user can login using his account details or new customers
can set up an account very quickly. They should give the details of their full name, email
account, username and password’s.

This system will overcome the issues of managing and booking appointments according to user’s
choice or demands .and solve the problem of parents picking caretakers from anywhere anyhow.
The admin will be the responsible to confirm or cancel the appointment accordingly; on another
hand the system will help the daycare management to run the daily daycare operations
effectively such managing attendance, fees, communication with parents, immunization
schedules, children pick up person and generation of periodic reports.

v
CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter includes the background, the problem statement, the purpose, the main and specific
objectives, scope of the study, research questions and the Significance of the study

1.2 BACKGROUND
According to [1] an online daycare management system is web-based application software
designed to introduce a conducive and structured information exchange environment for
integrating parents, day care teachers and the administration of the day care center. Online day
care management information System and day care Records System are software systems that
enable day care centers to supervise children-related activities such as keeping records of their
families, attendance, health conditions, particulars of everyday attendance, and all other
institution-related activities [2]. In United States, recent statistics shows that nearly two thirds of
all 3- to 5-year-old children in the attend some form of regular child care prior to day care
centers. In order to ease the work done in the day care centers, owners purchase or subscribe day
care management system software. Daycare is one of services in which there are education and
parenting programs at the same time and social welfare for children from birth to six years of age
In Africa, research shows that access to Early Childhood Education has increased over the past
decade, we now face the notable challenge of ensuring quality Early Childhood Education for all
children, especially considering COVID’s negative impact on ECCE and children’s learning
more broadly. Scaling quality learning begins with developing quality standards for ECCE
service delivery (UNICEF 2019) that promote play-based learning, which places a larger
emphasis on social and emotional learning, creativity, and psycho-motor skills [1].hence, the
above-mentioned problems prompted for the Design and implementation of a web based daycare
information management, to enable the organization to work more effectively. [2]

In Uganda, to keep pace with the world both men and women are getting involved to work field.
So it’s very difficult for them to raise their babies properly where husband and wife both are
involved in jobs. Now they are keeping servant to take care of their babies. But, those servants
aren’t trained about how to raise babies properly. Besides this, for developing babies’ mental

1
growth servant is not enough. The study covered 29 child care institutions: 27 institutions were
privately owned, while two CCIs were under the Ministry of Gender Labour and Social
Development. · A total of 1,282 children were living in the CCIs surveyed. There were more
boys (725) than girls (557) in the institutions. · The mean age of children in the surveyed child
care institutions was 8.5 years. The majority of children in institutions were between the ages of
four and 14 years (55 per cent); and 28 per cent of the children were less than three years old.
Regrettably, there were 67 young adults (nearly 7 per cent) aged between 18 and 28 years still
living in children’s institutions and counted among the children receiving care. · About half (45
per cent) of children were aged 0-3 years at the time they were placed in the institutions; 15 per
cent of children were placed into institutions before attaining six months. This is quite alarming
considering the detrimental effects of institutionalization particularly on children less than three
years. · More than two-thirds (64 per cent) of the children living in the CCIs had at least one
living parent, 13 per cent had lost both parents. · Material poverty, rather than lack of caregivers,
emerged as the main reason for placing children in institutions. · The placement of majority of
children in the CCIs occurred in contravention of legal procedures with more than half of them
(51 per cent) admitted without a care order

City kids’ day care center, is a well-known day care by most people around fort-portal is located
along Kahinju road opposite baby coach terminus in fort-portal city that offers day care services,
that include taking care of kids most especially during the day, feeding them when their parents
are away for work. Also,[11] reports that the school and parents face with challenges getting the
best baby seaters for their children, besides parent communication is so minimal regarding which
type of baby seaters is needed, by whom, when it was ordered and where? It is indeed evident
that the city kids day care has been facing difficulties in record management besides parents get
challenges with getting best and proper baby seaters for their children whereby the current
system.

Day care is carried out where by parents and children come physically at the daycare and register
their kids with the school and every one and make daily payments for the children. According to
the latest research, the Global Daycare Management Software market size was valued at USD
million in 2022 and is expected to expand at a CAGR of Percent during the forecast period,
reaching USD million by 2028.

2
By introducing this a day care management system it will help city kids day care by making the
work easy since it will be online.

1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Currently, the most common problem that parents always face is getting best baby seaters for
their kids. This has discouraged parents from accessing this service because it puts their kids at
risk of mistreatment and being mishandled and may be dangerous to their lives. With the
development of the software, it will help parents to easily access the services on the other hand it
will help city kids’ day care center in record management and reduce data redundancy.

1.4 OBJECTIVES
They are divided into two: main objective and specific objectives.

1.4.1MAIN OBJECTIVE

To develop a day care management system for city kids day care center.

1.4.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

 To review the current systems being used in day care management.
 To design the proposed system for the day care center.
 To test and validate the proposed system.

1.5 Scope of the study:

The scope is divided into three types: Physical, Technical and Time scope.

1.5.1PHYSICAL SCOPE
The system will be used at City kids Day Care which is located along Kahinju road opposite
baby coach bus terminal in Fort portal city.

3
1.5.2TECHNICAL SCOPE:

This scope specifically will point out key features for the proposed day care management system.
 The system will be used to provide parent communication between the parents and day
care management.
 The application will automatically allocate baby seaters to different kids at the day care
center.
 Parents will be able to easily search for baby seaters.
 The system will be used to manage children Immunization records for the kids at the day
care center.
 The application will be used to manage user registered user accounts and manage
employee records
 The system will be used to generate periodic Report

1.5.3TIME SCOPE:

This system development will take 5-6 months.

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The research will help the daycare center to come up with better techniques on information
management and communication with the parents. The research more so will contribute on
academic knowledge in the field of information management

1. Efficient Record Keeping: The day care management system helps in maintaining
accurate records of children, parents, and staff. It can include details such as emergency
contacts, medical information, attendance records, and billing information. This efficient
record-keeping ensures that important information is readily accessible and reduces the
risk of errors.

2. Attendance Tracking: The system facilitates easy and accurate tracking of children's
attendance. This is crucial for ensuring the safety of children and provides parents with
confidence that their child is in the daycare when expected.

4
3. Communication: Many daycare management systems include communication features
that enable real-time communication between parents and daycare staff. This can include
updates on a child's activities, daily reports, and important announcements, fostering
better communication and trust between parents and caregivers.

5
2.0 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter surveys books, scholarly articles, and any other sources relevant to daycare
management, theories, the existing knowledge related to those of online daycare information
management system such as different systems being used in daycare centers, daycare center
services and other related literature.

2.3.0 DEFINITION OF TERMS USED IN DAY CARE

2.3.3 EARLY CHILDHOOD

Early childhood is a group of children who are in a unique process of growth and development,
in the sense of having patterns of growth and development (fine and rough motor coordination),
intelligence (thinking, creativity, intelligence, motivation, spiritual intelligence), Indonesian
social emotional language, language and communication specifically for growth and
development[4].

2.3.4 DAYCARE
Daycare is a means of parenting in groups, usually carried out during working hours. Daycare is
an organized effort to care for children outside their homes for several hours on a day when
parental care is not fully implemented. in this case, the notion of daycare is only a complement to
parental care and not as a substitute for parental care[5]

2.3.5 FULL DAY SYSTEM

The Full Day system is a type of service that provides full-time child care services, based on the
length of time the child is entrusted [4]

2.4.0 CATEGORIES OF DAYCARE SERVICES

There are basically three main categories of childcare which parents can use: care in the child’s
home (a nanny); care in a child minder’s home; and Centre-based care. Childcare centers tend to
cater for specific age groups whereas nannies and child minders can be used for children of any

6
age. The research will focus more on the center based childcare .But let us understand all these
three types of arrangements first. [4]

2.3.1 Nannies

Employing a nanny has been a popular childcare solution in both developed and developing
countries for those families that can afford the cost. The actual numbers involved are difficult to
determine since nannies are usually assimilated to domestic workers whose duties may involve
more or less childcare. In countries where income disparities are great and there are large pools
of unemployed or under-employed women, the employment of domestic workers is frequent, as
in the cases of Uganda. In other countries, migrant workers have been a major source of
domestic workers, as in the cases of Singapore and Spain. Children of all ages can be looked
after by a nanny and this solution can be advantageous when there are a number of children to be
cared for. Government policies concerning nannies usually relate to their conditions of work
under the labor laws that apply to them, often being classified as domestic workers. Legislation
concerning child labour may also be relevant when there is a tendency to hire very young girls as
nannies, as can be seen in the case examples from Kenya. Immigration policies may also affect
the availability of migrant women for this kind of work. An ILO review of legislation related to
domestic workers in 60 countries found that they are often afforded lower protection than other
workers and Employment of domestic workers in Latin America. 13.5 percent of employed
women in urban areas and 10.7 percent in rural areas work as domestic workers. Singapore.
Approximately 170,000 migrant women are currently employed in Singapore as domestic
workers and one in six Singapore families currently hire one. South Africa. 16 per cent of
working women are employed in households as domestic workers, many of whom provide
childcare among other services. Spain. The 2005 Survey of the Active Population shows that
more than half of the women who work in domestic services are non-Spanish citizens, mainly
from South America. The greater demand for domestic services, along with the legalization of
immigrants in domestic services, explains the increase in the number of non-national domestic
workers.

2.3.2Child guardian

7
Paying a person, almost always a woman (variously called child minder, family daycare, day
mother), to look after a child in her home is often an informal arrangement that parents make
with neighbors, in which case it is impossible to know the numbers involved. In the United
States, where there is more specific information on childcare workers, the total number of jobs
was estimated at about 1.4 million in 2006, of which about 35 per cent were self-employed;
mostly as family childcare providers. 26 Increasingly governments are seeking to formalize this
type of care by registering child minders and setting standards. In a number of countries (such as
France, Singapore and the United Kingdom), there is a system for their registration and some
minimum of training required, as well as local (oft en municipal) information services which can
help parents to find local child minders. In Hungary, there is now the possibility for licensed
family daycare services but they have been slow to develop, perhaps because they are less
subsidized than nurseries and thus much more expensive for parents. For children under the age
of 3 who require childcare, there seems to be a preference in some countries for care that is in
homes rather than centers. In France, for example, 18 per cent of this age group were cared for
by child minders while 8 percent attended crèches. Research results suggest that working parents
appreciate the convenience of a child minder whose hours are oft en more flexible than those of a
centre. 27 percent In Singapore, family daycare has been promoted by government as being
particularly suitable for children from 2 to 18 months since they need more individual care and
there is felt to be less risk of catching infectious diseases than in a centre with many children. 28
For parents with atypical working schedules who need childcare when centers are closed, some
form of home-based care may be the only solution (although finding child minders willing to
work evenings or weekends may not always be easy; In some countries of Latin America,
government programmers for the care of poor children have also used an approach which is
home based. In Colombia, the Government set up the Hogares Communitarians programmed in
the mid-1980s for poor children from birth to age 6 years. The program now serves more than
one million children. Households eligible for the programmed form parent associations that elect
a “community mother”, who must meet minimal requirements, set by the authorities. The
community mother opens her home to as many as 15 children. She gives those three meals a day.

A major disadvantage of using child minders is that they often have little training and may not
provide the stimulation and educational opportunities that children are more likely to receive in
centre-based care. The earnings of child minders depend on the number of children in their care

8
and the hours worked. In France, for example, a collective agreement fixes the minimum hourly
salary to be paid by parents. In 2005, it was estimated that a full-time child minder earned 815
euro per month, which amounts to only 56 percent of the average salary of full-time women
workers in the private sector.30 The OECD estimates that unless family daycares operate in a
market with weak supply and high demand, compensation in this field is considerably less than
an average family wage and tends to be considered by the woman as a supplement to the main
salary earned by a working spouse.

2.3.3 Childcare centre

These program typically provide organized custodial care and, in some cases, health services and
educational activities. They often have limited coverage, targeting a small proportion of very
poor families, with most families left to pay for whatever private facilities they can find and
afford. In countries with no government programs, any available services would be private. In
Chile, about two-thirds of the children attending centers are in free public centers. The Chilean
Government is currently working aggressively to expand the number of childcare places for
children under 3. Among the industrialized countries, the proportion is particularly low (7 per
cent) in Hungary where maternity leave combined with parental leave can last until the child
turns Estimates for France, the United Kingdom and the United States are much higher (27 per
cent, 26 percent and 30 percent respectively), although it should be noted that these figures
include child minders as well as childcare centers. The total number of children involved is
difficult to estimate and estimates are not necessarily comparable among countries. In France, for
example, one young child may go to the daycare but also spend regular time with a child minder
so it is difficult to know the percentage using some kind of care.

2.6 CHALLENGES FACED BY CAREGIVERS

Regardless of the differences in motivation for providing care among home-based caregivers,
research shows that they share some similar challenges in caring for other people’s children. In

9
this section, we discuss three key challenges home-based caregivers face: (1) conflicts with
parents, (2) isolation, (3) work-related stress, and outside the home.

Some studies suggest that the nature of the conflict seems to vary depending on the caregiver’s
motivation for providing care and relationship to the parents of the children for whom care is
provided. When income is a motivating factor for the caregiver, caregivers report that parents
sometimes demonstrate a lack of respect for the professional status of their child care work [3] .
Home-based care providers who receive payment for providing care, especially family child care
Providers, reported challenges with scheduling and payment. Inconsistent payment or amounts
that are less than agreed upon are issues as well [1]

Another common concern is the isolation related to the nature of caring for children at home.
Studies of regulated family child care have pointed to this issue more directly than those of
family, friend, and neighbor care in which isolation is inferred through caregivers’ interest in get-
togethers with other car. For family, friend, and neighbor caregivers, evidence of caregivers’
specific reports of this problem is limited and the reports are mixed. One review of the literature
on family, friend, and neighbor care indicated that relatives had less contact than nonrelatives
with other caregivers [3]

A third shared concern is work-related stress. For caregivers operating a business, this may take
the form of long hours with little pay [2], the challenge of caring for other children along with
their own [4], as well as the problems cited earlier (that is, disagreements with parents, and
isolation). Family, friend, and neighbor caregivers are more likely to report physical exhaustion
from long hours of caring for children and resistance from spouses about their work.

2.7 STUDY OF THE EXISTING DAY CARE SYSTEMS

In order for me to produce this work, I will study several existing systems matching my
requirement objectives in order to achieve detailed knowledge about required features for my
own system.

▪ Kinder Care (www.kindercare.com)

▪ Sitter city (www.sittercity.com)

10
2.7.1 Kinder Care
KinderCare Learning Centers is an American operator of for-profit child care and early
childhood education facilities. It was founded in 1969, and owned by KinderCare Education. The
company provides educational programs for children from six weeks to 12 years old. Its
headquarters are in Portland, Oregon. They have several branches all over United States. They
only have Daycare facilities. They don’t provide care giving/babysitting services.

2.7.2 Sitter city

Bright Horizons Family Solutions is a United States–based child-care provider and is the largest
provider of employer-sponsored child care. It is headquartered in Watertown, Massachusetts.
Bright Horizons operates more than 900 child care centers worldwide, more than 600 across the
U.S. and more than 300 in the UK and Ireland. This company also has centers in Canada, Puerto
Rico, India and the Netherlands. It provides only Daycare services, not providing personal cares
for home service. [1] It was founded in 2001. Various types of caregivers that can be found on
Sittercity.com include babysitters, pet sitters, elderly care providers, and housekeepers. The site
currently has over 5 million registered caregivers. They don’t have daycare facilities of their own
Analysis of the existing day care management system

A vast number of families’ lifestyles is changing, as a result of different factors, such as the
situation of both parents tend to work during the day. This change led to an increase in the
demand for someone to take care of their children and infants. Therefore, an increase of daycare
centers is found. Day care centers, also called day nursery, nursery school, are defined as an
“institution that provides supervision and care of infants and young children during the daytime,
particularly so that their parents can hold jobs” [10]. Previous studies conducted in U.S have
found that in 2018, the number of families that have children below the age of 18, was 33.6
million families ,and the percentage of families that have at the least one parent who’s employed
is 90.8%, which is higher than the previous year by 0.6%. Besides, there is a 97.4% of married-
couple families that have at the least one parent holding a job, and 63.0% of them have both
parents holding a job. Among families that have only a single parent, 84.2% of them have
employed fathers, and 74.1% of them have employed mothers [11]. On the other hand, there is a
lack to find academic studies to explore the situation in Saudi Arabia regarding working parents.
Nonetheless, in 2015 the ministry of education announced that, there is more than 2,000
nurseries in different countries of Saudi Arabia that are prepared to receive 18,000 children,
which will be supervised by 2,185 administrative employees, 2,709 professional babysitters, and
1,355 other employees[9]. All of the numbers mentioned above demonstrate the need for well-
managed daycare centers and electronic systems to help the parents and keep them.

The Global Daycare Management Software Market is anticipated to rise at a considerable rate
during the forecast period, between 2022 and 2031. In 2021, the market is growing at a steady

11
rate and with the rising adoption of strategies by key players, the market is expected to rise over
the projected horizon. According to the latest research, the Global Daycare Management
Software market size was valued at USD million in 2022 and is expected to expand at a CAGR
of Percent during the forecast period, reaching USD million by 2028

RELATED ARTICLES

Author, Title Methodology Findings recommendations

year

Gustavo The impact of Mother, child and We showed that it is

Angeles et daycare on household variables most of the process recommended
al.,2014 maternal quality behaviors that
PEI(Programa
positively correlate
labor supply de Estancias
with the Infantiles para
and child caregiver's Apoyar a Madres
development
Trabajadoras
Number of years in (childcare
in Mexico education. This programme to
child suggests that the support working
development level of interaction mothers)) stress
in Mexico among the children the importance of
in the class-rooms regular and
thorough hand
is improved by the
washing, as well
presence of as daily cleaning
teachers who have of toys and
a higher level of objects that may
education. transfer disease.

Most low-income
Nicole Child Care parents perceive
Forry Decision- Open-ended having limited Limited

12
et al.,2013 Making questions: Typically child care options awareness of
Literature used in qualitative and consider few options. Parental
Review research, open-ended options awareness of
Most low-income
questions allow child care
parents learn about
parents to describe options,
their child’s
their regardless of the
provider from
preferences/priorities supply, also
friends, family
using their own influences the
members, and
words. decision-making
neighbors
process. Studies
Close ended have found that
Child care options
questions some parents
for infants and
Scenario-based school-age have limited
techniques: children tend to be sources of
Scenario-based data more limited than information and
collection techniques options for are unaware of
present parents with preschool-age how to search for
a scenario to rate. children. available options
Two commonly used
methods for
analyzing scenario- Quality Rating
based data are and Improvement
factorial analysis and Systems that are
conjoint analysis open to a variety
of provider types
can assist with
this by not only
providing quality
supports for
different provider
types, but by also
giving families
an easy to
recognize symbol
of quality by
which to reliably
compare different
choices

Comparing Child care process we found that Despite these

center-based home-based strengths, the
13
Rosanne with home- quality child care study also has its
M.V. Sluiter based child provided on limitations. First,
care: type of average higher it was
Et al.,2023 care quality care, challenging to
moderates the and children recruit
association had higher participants from
between levels of well- the home-based
process being child care
quality and compared to setting. It is
child center-based possible that we
functioning care. We found selected home-
a robust based child care
relationship caregivers that
between were highly
process quality motivated to
and the participate in our
caregiver- study or may
child otherwise not be
relationship representative for
with children’s the Dutch popu-
social- lation.
emotional
development.

Our finding
that children in
home-based
child care have
slightly higher
levels of well-
being is in line
with previous
studies

14
Nuha Aldini A Review of A mixed research Previous The systems of
Children's method studies daycare centers
Et al.,2020 Day-Care conducted should include at
Centers least
Systems in U.S have
found that in these main
2018, the features such as
number of parent
families that communication,

have children check-in/out,

below the age meal tracking,
of 18, was payments/billing
33.6 million andreporting.
families, There is
currently a lack
and the of training and it
percentage of is one of the
families that
have at the barriers for using
least one electronic
parent systems in
daycare centers,
who’s thus, increasing
employed is employees’
training in the
90.8%, which
use of
is higher than electronic
the previous systems is
year by 0.6%. imperative
Besides, there
is a 97.4% of
married-couple

families that
have at the
least one
parent holding
a job, and

63.0% of them
have both
parents

15
 holding a job

16
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction
This chapter consists of a description of various methods that were used in research to achieve
the objectives of the designed system. It also includes the data collection techniques and their
description such as interview, observation, sampling, and document review

3.2 Study population

This daycare management system targets all parents having babies, the baby seaters, the young
children and well-wishers. This will aim at helping them.

3.3 Data collection methods

The researcher will use the following methods in data collection, document review, sampling and
interview. Through the above methods the researcher will be able to acquire relevant information
which will help him/her to come up with the proposed design system.

3.3.1 Document review

Through this method the researcher will review documents related to her topic of research. A
number of documents will be reviewed ranging from registers, monthly reports, accounting
books in the company. This will help the researcher to know more about the operation of the day
care and more so it provide the basis for the design of the proposed designed system.

3.3.2 Interview
This method will be used to interview different levels of management that include head of the
day care and caregivers. An oral interview will be conducted in a direct contact so as to gather
information associated with their current system. This will help the researcher to obtain the
details of the existing system, identify problems and what changes they hope to be made with it.
This help will in developing an efficient system and come up with a new computerized system
that will satisfy their needs. The researcher will use this method because of the following
reasons:

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Sampling
Sampling is a research method that involves selecting a one or two individuals or from a
larger population to make inferences about that population. This will help the researcher to
find out whether the designed system will be meeting the customers goal.

3.3 System design and implementation

This method will be used to fulfill the objective of designing the designed system. In this method
programming languages such as HTML, PHP, MYSQL and java will be used.

3.3.1 HTML
This stands for hypertext markup language .this language is used to define the structure and
layout of a web document by using a variety of tags and attributes. This will enable the
researcher to come up with user friendly interface for the designed system

3.3.2 PHP
This HTML-embedded scripting language, this will enable the researcher to connect the
developed system interface to the database.

3.3.3 MYSQL:
This programming language will enable the researcher to come up with the database of the
designed system. This will help in storing data in separate tables which increases on the speed of
retrieving data.

3.4 Development methodology

3 Systems development Methodology

Prototyping: The researcher will be prototyping system development model in designing the
proposed day care management system. This is because prototyping process helps to receives
inputs, perform a few steps and delivers output artifacts. The present study offers the following
stages of prototyping based on generalized steps of problems solving in the literature review:
system requirements analysis (corresponds with analyze the problem), sketching (corresponds
with develop a plan), prototype development (corresponds with implement the plan.

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Figure 1: Prototyping Model

z
Initial Design & Feedback with new
Requirement Development requirement

NO

YES
User Validation User Deliver system
acceptanc
e

Initial requirement: A prototyping model begins with requirements analysis and the
requirements of the system are defined in detail. The user is interviewed in order to know the
requirements of the system.

Design and Development: When requirements are known, a quick design for the system is
created. It is not a detailed design and includes only the important aspects of the system, which
gives an idea of the system to the user. A quick design helps in developing the prototype.

Build prototype: Information gathered from quick design is modified to form the first prototype,
which represents the working model of the required system.

User evaluation: Next, the proposed system is presented to the user for thorough evaluation of
the prototype to recognize its strengths and weaknesses such as what is to be added or removed.
Comments and suggestions are collected from the users and provided to the developers.

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Refining prototype: Once the user evaluates the prototype and if he is not satisfied, the current
prototype is refined according to the requirements. That is, a new prototype is developed with the
additional information provided by the user. The new prototype is evaluated just like the
previous prototype. This process continues until all the requirements specified by the user are
met. Once the user is satisfied with the developed prototype, a final system is developed on the
basis of the final prototype.

3.5 Ethical considerations

1. Developing and managing a day care system involves various ethical considerations to
ensure the well-being and safety of the children and to uphold the values of trust and
responsibility. These include privacy and confidentiality, research is carried out for
academic purposes, child safety, communication and transparency. Implementing a Day
Care Management System can be costly, including software licenses, hardware, and training for
staff. The initial setup may also take some time, and staff may need time to adapt to the new
system.

Limitations of the study

2. Technical Issues: Just like any software, Day Care Management Systems can face
technical glitches, bugs, or system failures. This can disrupt operations and may require
technical support to resolve.

3. User Training and Adaptation: Staff members may require training to effectively use
the new system. Resistance to change or a steep learning curve can slow down the
adaptation process.

3.6 Appendices

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 Estimat
Activity Time ed cost responsible person
Writing the concept paper 2 weeks 10,000 researcher
Going to the case study to find out the challenges
faced by day care management center 1 week 30,000 researcher
writing the proposal for the topic of research 3weeks 50,000 researcher
approval of the proposal 1 day 20,000 supervisor
presentation of the proposal 3 weeks 50,000 panel
designing the proposed system for the day care 1-2
management system months 50,000 designer(researcher)
3-
developing the proposed day care system 5months 80,000 developer(researcher)
implementing functionalities as written in the 4-
proposal 5months 50000 designer(researcher)
5-6 designer(researcher)/
evaluation of the system months 40000 panel
presentation of the system 1 day N/A researcher

QUESTIONAIRE:

1. When was the city kid’s day care started?

2. What was the aim for starting the day care center?
3. Which challenges does the administration and baby seaters face in delivering the service?
4. What challenges do parents face in attaining the day care services?
5. How does the day care plan to solve the above challenges?

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