QUALIFYING EXAMINATION FOR APPLICANTS FOR JAPANESE

GOVERNMENT (MONBUKAGAKUSHO) SCHOLARSHIPS 2022

EXAMINATION QUESTIONS
UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
PHYSICS

Exercise List #4
May 17, 2021

M.Sc. Thiago Felı́cio de Souza

felicio@fisica.ufc.br

1. Give your correct answer in each item below.

(1) The weight of a body is mainly due to the

(a) cohesion between its molecules. (c) atmospheric pressure.

(b) gravitational attraction of Earth. (d) attraction of the Earth (centripetal force).

(2) Let L and S, respectively, be the free ends of the large and small hands of a watch, which, in
hypothesis, have perfect functioning. Since vL and vS are the respective linear velocities, we
can say that

(a) vL = vS /12. (d) vL = 24vS .

(b) vL = 12vS . (e) Nothing like that.
(c) vL = vS /24.

(3) At constant temperature, the absolute density of a perfect gas

(a) independent of pressure. (d) varies in the inverse pressure ratio.

(b) varies exponentially with pressure. (e) None of the above prepositions apply.
(c) varies in direct pressure ratio.

(4) A flat capacitor is electrified and isolated. Increasing the separation between the armatures
(a) the load on each armature decreases.
(b) the load on each armature increases.
(c) the capacitor capacity increases.
(d) the tension between the armatures increases.
(e) the tension between the armatures decreases.
(5) the timbre of a musical sound must be
(a) the intensity of the sound force.
(b) to the frequency of the fundamental sound.
(c) to the wavelength of the fundamental sound.
(d) to the existence of harmonics.
(e) to other loved ones.

2. Give your correct answer in each item below.

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 (1) Dynamometer is an instrument intended to
(a) determine the mass of bodies.
(b) determine the intensity of forces.
(c) demonstrate the principle of action and reaction.
(d) check scales.
(e) other purposes.
(2) The Fig. 2-1 represents a ladder that opens. Feet A and B, initially together, are moved
uniformly with speeds v in absolute value. Until the AM B triangle becomes equilateral, the
time elapses

~v ` ` −~v
A B

Fig. 2-1
` 2` `
(a) . (c) √ . (d) .
v 3v 4v
`
(b) . (e) Nothing like that.
2v
(3) Resume the preceding statement. Until the moment when M reaches the floor, let v be the
average speed of M .

(a) v = v (c) v = 2v (e) Nothing like that

(b) v = v/2 (d) v = v/4

(4) Rocket propulsion is based

(a) conserving the amount of movement.
(b) in the reaction of bodies in the environment.
(c) in energy conservation.
(d) empowerment.
(e) in gravitational attraction.

3. A container of volume 10 L includes 0.2 mol oxygen gas and 0.3 mol nitrogen gas. Assume the atomic
weight of oxygen is 16 and that of nitrogen 14.

(1) The total mass of the gas in the container is

(a) 7.4 g. (b) 10.6 g. (c) 11.6 g. (d) 14.8 g.

(2) Let the universal gas constant be R. Let the specific heat ratio be γ, then for a single component
gas, specific heat at a constant pressure cp is given by cp = γR/(γ − 1). For a monoatomic
molecule gas γ = 5/3, for a diatomic molecule gas γ = 7/5, and for a triatomic molecule gas
γ = 9/7. The heat capacity (at a constant pressure) of oxygen in the container is

(a) 1.5R. (b) 0.7R. (c) 0.9R.

(3) The total heat capacity in the container (at a constant pressure) is approximately

2
 (a) 0.62R. (c) 1.0R. (e) 1.75R.
(b) 0.87R. (d) 1.5R.

(4) Let the speed (root-mean-square speed) of an oxygen gas molecule be v1 , and that of a nitrogen
gas molecule v2 . Which of the following holds?

(a) v1 > v2 (b) v1 = v2 (c) v1 < v2

4. It is assumed that standing water waves are generated in a channel of two vertical parallel side walls
(separated by distance L) with mean water depth h, where water waves are reflected at the walls and
the channel length is sufficienly large compared with L. Assume that the frequency of the standing
waves is the lowest of the possible values.

(1) The number of observed nodes in the channel (including nodes on the walls if any) is

(a) 0. (b) 1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (e) 4.

(2) The number of observed antinodes in the channel (including antinodes on the walls if any) is

(a) 0. (b) 1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (e) 4.

(3) The wave length of the corresponding water wave is

(a) L. (b) 2L. (c) 3L. (d) 4L.

5. A single-turn coil of a rectangular shape falls down in a space where a uniform magnetic field of
magnitude B in a horizontal direction exists above a certain height, as show in Fig. 5-2. At a
sufficiently later time after the bottom of the coil entered in the space without a magnetic field, the
coil falls down at a constant speed v. The resistance, the mass, and the horizontal width of the
single-turn coil is R, M , and L, respectively. The face of the coil is perpendicular to the magnetic
field. The length of the coil in vertical direction is sufficiently long. The acceleration of the gravity
is denoted as g. Answer the following questions.

~
B

~v
Fig. 5-2

(1) Find the electric current passing through the coil.

(a) BvR (c) BvR/L (e) BR/(vL)

(b) BvL (d) BvL/R (f) BL/(vR)

(2) Express the speed of the falling coil in terms of other quantities.

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 (a) RM g/(BL) (c) RM g/(B 2 L2 ) (e) L2 M g/(B 2 R)
(b) R2 M g/(B 2 L) (d) LM g/(BR) (f) LM g/(B 2 R2 )

(3) Find the Joule heat produced in the coil per unit time.

(a) BvL/R (c) B 2 v 2 L2 /R (e) B 2 vR/L

(b) B 2 vL/R (d) BvR/L (f) B 2 v 2 R2 /L2

(4) When the coil is doubly turned, wath multiple of the falling speed is that of the single-turn coil.

(a) 1/4 (b) 1/2 (c) 1 (d) 2 (e) 4