REPORT

ON

RURAL HABITAT
HATHIPUR VILLAGE

B. Arch IV Year
2023-2024

Submitted by
ADIL IDRASI

Guided by

AR. MUHAMMAD FIROZ ANWAR

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE & EKISTICS

JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA NEW DELHI-11002
 FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE & EKISTICS,
JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA, NEW DELHI

Certificate

In the partial fulfilment of the B. Arch (IV YEAR) degree program, this is to certify that ‘Adil
Idrasi‘ has worked on the Report entitled “Rural Habitat OF HathiPur Village” under our
guidance and supervision.

Prof. Qamar Irshad Prof. Hina Zia

Head of Department Dean

External Examiner 1

External Examiner 2
 Declaration

I, Adil Idrasi, hereby declare that the Report entitled ‘Rural Habitat of Hathipur village’
submitted in the partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor
of Architecture (iv Year) is my original research work and that the information taken from
secondary sources is given due citations and references.

Adil Idrasi

Date:2103/2024 Bachelor of Architecture (IV Year)

Place: New Delhi

2023-2024
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

First of all, I Adil Idrasi would like to express my gratitude and almost appreciation to
God almighty who gave me the strength and motivation to complete this work. I am
indebted to him for his help.

I feel privileged to express my profound gratitude and respect to my supervisor, Ar.

Firoz Anwar for their constant support, valuable guidance, and timely suggestions.
From them I received helpful tips and continuous encouragement at every stage of my
study.

It gives me immense pleasure to thank all my friends whose helpful criticism and
constant debating helped me reach my goal with added precision.

Finally, I wish to thank my beloved parents and all my well-wishers for the keen interest
in my studies, manifold assistance, and immense support.

Adil Idrasi

B. Arch. IV Year

F/O Architecture and Ekistics

Jamia Millia Islamia

Contents
Certificate ......................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Declaration ....................................................................................................................................................................... 3
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .................................................................................................................................................... 4
1. SYNOPSIS ................................................................................................................................................................... 6
1. 1.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 6
2. 1.2 Objectives .................................................................................................................................................. 6
3. 1.3 Methodology .............................................................................................................................................. 6
4. 1.4 Site ............................................................................................................................................................. 6
5. 1.5 Demographics ............................................................................................................................................ 6
6. 1.6 Economic Activities................................................................................................................................... 7
7. 1.7 Housing and Architecture .......................................................................................................................... 7
8. 1.8infrastructure And Services ........................................................................................................................ 7
9. 1.9 Environmental Characteristics ................................................................................................................... 7
2. SITE .............................................................................................................................................................................. 8
10. 2.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 8
11. 2.2 Accessibility .............................................................................................................................................. 8
12. 2.3 Climate....................................................................................................................................................... 8
2.3.1 Weather by month ...................................................................................................................................... 9
2.3.2 Precipitation................................................................................................................................................ 9
2. DEMOGRAPHICS ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
13. 2.1 Population ................................................................................................................................................ 10
14. 2.2 Literacy Rate ............................................................................................................................................ 10
15. 3. ECONOMIC ACTIVITY........................................................................................................................ 11
16. 3.1 Occupation ............................................................................................................................................... 11
4. HOUSING AND ARCHITECTURE ......................................................................................................................... 12
17. 4.1 Traditional Mud Houses .......................................................................................................................... 12
18. ....................................................................................................................................................................... 12
19. 4.2 Brick Houses ............................................................................................................................................ 12
20. 4.3 Thatched Roof ......................................................................................................................................... 12
1. SYNOPSIS

1.1 Introduction
Rural habitats play a critical role in understanding the socio-economic dynamics of a region. This
study aims to explore and analyze the rural habitat of HathiPur Village in the Kanpur District,
shedding light on the living conditions, economic activities, and environmental aspects that
characterize the area.

1.2 Objectives
The study's primary objectives are to:
• Assess the demographics of HathiPur Village.
• Examine the predominant economic activities within the village.
• Analyze the types of housing and architectural styles in the village.
• Evaluate the availability of infrastructure and services.
• Investigate the environmental characteristics of the area.

1.3 Methodology
• Primary Source: Data was collected through a combination of surveys, interviews, and
field observations conducted during study. Data analysis involves both quantitative and
qualitative methods.
• Secondary Sources: Using the Internet and various Websites.

1.4 Site
HathiPur is a village located in Kanpur Tehsil of Kanpur Nagar district in Uttar Pradesh. It is
located 19 KM towards East from District headquarters Kanpur.
The total geographical area of the village is 665.79 hectares.
Around 134 families reside in HathiPur village. HathiPur village is administered by Sarpanch
(Head of village) who is elected every five years.

1.5 Demographics
HathiPur has a total population of 6,850 peoples, out of which male population is 3,596 while
female population is 3,254.
 Most residents have completed primary education, and the primary occupation is agriculture.

1.6 Economic Activities

Agriculture, specifically rice and wheat cultivation, is the predominant economic activity in
HathiPur Village, providing livelihood for over 70% of the population. Additionally, a small
number of residents are engaged in livestock rearing and cottage industries.

1.7 Housing and Architecture

The housing in HathiPur Village primarily consists of traditional mud and thatch-roofed huts.
However, modern brick houses are becoming more common due to improved infrastructure.

1.8infrastructure And Services

While the village has a well-developed road network, access to electricity and healthcare
facilities remains limited. Access to clean drinking water is a challenge, and education is
primarily provided by a single primary school.

1.9 Environmental Characteristics

The region boasts a diverse range of flora and fauna, with the village situated on the Indo-
Gangetic plane, soil being very fertile.
Environmental challenges include deforestation and soil erosion due to agricultural practices.
2. SITE

2.1 Introduction
HathiPur is a village located in Kanpur
Tehsil of Kanpur Nagar district in Uttar
Pradesh. It is located 19 KM towards East
from District headquarters Kanpur.
HathiPur is a village located in Kanpur
Tehsil of Kanpur Nagar district in Uttar
Pradesh. Around 134 families reside in
HathiPur village. HathiPur village is
administered by Sarpanch (Head of
village) who is elected every five years.

2.2 Accessibility

• Public Bus Service: Available within 5 - 10 km distance

• Private Bus Service: Available within <5 km distance
• Railway Station: Available within <5 km distance (Kanpur Anwarganj, Kanpur
Central).
• No Nearest National Highway in less than 10 km. No Nearest State Highway in
less than 10 km. No Nearest District Road is less than 10 km.

2.3 Climate
The climate of HathiPur is subtropical,
with a rainy season that runs roughly
from mid-June to early October, due to
the monsoon, and a dry season from
mid-October to early June.
The city is located in northern India, in
the state of Uttar Pradesh, on the banks
of the Ganges River, and at 26 degrees
north latitude.
2.3.1 Weather by month

2.3.2 Precipitation
2. DEMOGRAPHICS

2.1 Population

The total geographical area of the village is 665.79 hectares. Hathipur has a total
population of 6,850 peoples, out of which male population is 3,596 while female
population is 3,254.

Census Parameter Census Data

Total Population 6850
Total No of Houses 1236
Female Population % 47.5 % (3254)
Total Literacy rate % 63.2 % (4328)
Female Literacy rate 27.0 % (1847)
Scheduled Tribes Population % 0.0 % (0)
Scheduled Caste Population % 25.3 % (1733)
Working Population % 37.0 %
Child (0 -6) Population by 2011 979
Girl Child (0 -6) Population % by 2011 47.7 % (467)

2.2 Literacy Rate

Literacy rate of HathiPur village is 73.72% out of which 68.99% males and 56.76%
females are literate. There are about 1,236 houses in HathiPur village.

Particulars Total Male Female

Total Population 6,850 3,596 3,254
Literate 4,328 2,481 1,847
Population
Illiterate 2,522 1,115 1,407
Population
3. ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

Hathipur’s economy is receiving a significant boost with the construction of a

multimodal logistics park by the Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India
Limited (DFCCIL). This development is expected to handle 15 million tonnes of
goods annually, enhancing the village’s economic landscape.

3.1 Occupation

• In HathiPur village out of total population, 2,534 were engaged in work

activities.
• 65.8% of workers describe their work as Main Work (Employment or Earning
more than 6 Months).
• 34.2% were involved in Marginal activity providing livelihood for less than 6
months.
• Of 2,534 workers engaged in Main Work.
• 294 were cultivators (owner or co-owner)
• 220 were Agricultural laborers.

Total Male Female

Main Workers 1,667 1360 307

Cultivators 294 269 25

Agriculture 220 178 42

Labourer
Household 76 69 7
Industries
Other Workers 1077 844 233

Marginal 867 612 255

Workers
Non-Working 4316 1624 2692
4. HOUSING AND ARCHITECTURE

4.1 Traditional Mud Houses

In the village of Haripur many have traditional mud houses. These houses are made of
locally available materials, such as mud, thatch, and bamboo. They are often.
designed to provide natural insulation against extreme weather conditions.

4.2 Brick Houses

In some areas, especially those with

improved access to infrastructure, brick
houses are becoming more common.
These houses offer better durability and
may have concrete roofs.

4.3 Thatched Roof

Thatched roof huts are still

prevalent in rural areas. They
are typically used as storage
sheds or for shelter during
agricultural work.
4.4 The Chabutra or Patio

The Plinth platform or chabutra acts as an

important transitional element leading to the house
from the street and makes up for the functional as
well as social purposes. Most interactions with the
neighbors happen here in the morning and evening
of summers when men going and returning from
work stop and share experience.

4.5 The Chajja or Balcony

A chajja is essentially a projecting or overhanging
eave that extends from the roof of a building,
providing s hade and protection from the elements.
This space will be useful in the contemporary
scenario with similar characteristics however its
placement is only suggested to be in the front
façade or near activity areas.
chajjas are utilized as functional spaces for various
activities. They can serve as a place for sitting,
drying crops, or even sleeping during hot nights.

4.6 The Aangan or Courtyard

Besides the afore-mentioned areas, the
open to the sky courtyard or aangan is
a vital area for socio-cultural
interaction and activity within the
generic house kind. With larger height
to breadth proportions variable from
2:1 to 3:1 this reciprocally shaded area
serves a classic response to existing
composite climate conditions of very hot summers and balmy monsoon evenings.

4.7 The Chhat or Terrace

Another vital house forming associate indisposable a part of this generic form of home
is the terrace gift in variable levels because of the flat roofing system of the engineered
structure. This multi-use house is
employed by the occupants to
sleep throughout summer nights
and sun-bathing in winter
afternoons. Moreover, it's used
for various menage chores like
drying garments, achar, papad
pickel excluding flying kites or
conducting different recreational
activities so that they perform the
perform not only for hosting massive gatherings and social functions however
additionally enhancing the economic activity of the inhabitants.
5. Construction Materials and Climate Responsiveness

The privacy and protection from the impacts of the climate and notorious social elements
are the main factors that affect traditional houses in the city, and as clearly seen in the
selection of the materials. Local materials and construction systems had been applied
with local knowledge in relation to the functional behavior of the materials and to
respond to the climate of the area.

The main materials used in the traditional house are stone, wood, earth, brick and metals.
Brick and earth have been extensively used in almost every construction of the walls and
the ceiling slabs. The main construction technique used was – mitti and tipai. The clay
bricks would be laid one top of another, interspersed with earth mortar(gaara), any left
gap on the outside and in-between the bricks would be filled up with a cement mix (tipai)
to make sure the gaara
stays in place and further
provide a finish to the
surface. This technique
imparted the required
strength to the structure,
along with the 18’ thick
walls and about 1½-2 feet
thick slabs plastered with
lime mortar or clay, which
prevents heat loss and
protect from the cold weather, insulation from the hot summer sun and provide the
necessary flexibility against ground vibration and durability.
Wood is the most used materials after stone, both constructive as well as decorative
elements, is utilized both in indoor and outside of the houses, in the doors and windows.
The concrete floor was spread throughout the residence, and at places inside the rooms
it would be painted in red oxide. This type of flooring is made by spreading colored
cement upon a concrete floor. It requires skilled workers, to avoid cracks and maintain
an even finish. The unpolished cement floors need to be coated with a sealant annually,
apart from regular mopping.
6. Architectural Elements
6.1 Windows
Within a mihrab like design, the wood and iron windows are
placed away from the ground. The ones small are placed in
the upper parts of the walls and towards the outer walls. The
windows on the walls which open towards the interior space
like the aangan are bigger in size and closer to the floor.
These fenestrations provide the necessary ventilation in the
house. All
windows are
double framed,
grills are mounted
on the outer surface while the window panes
towards the insides. The iron grill create
privacy and stay in touch with the street and to
also ventilate the house in the summer

6.2 Doors
The door in the traditional houses is mostly made of shisham wood
and just like the windows, they were built in a mehrab like design.
In one of the house there were 3 entrance doors into the house, one
lead into the baithak, the sitting area for the guests, other being the
used solely by the residents and kitchen lead into the main aangan
through a small gallery, and the third one went upstairs to the first
floor. The doors would
have a shisham frame which created a ledge on
the bottom of the door, of which one needs to
be careful about when moving across. The
doors would be attached to the frame with the
help of iron hold fasts. The lock and latch, and
other decorative and structural element would be made of iron as well.
6.3 Taak or Niche and shelves
Through the entire house, there would be a number of niches in the walls, on the outside
as well as inside. They had a mehrab like design as well. The original intention behind
their inception was to place lamps.

6.4 Railing and ornamentation

The railing would again be made up of burnt clay bricked. The required fenestration and
perforation would be created by removing the bricks in a defined fashion and chamfering
them at a certain angle to bring out the ornamentation. The height would be around 5
feet and the top rail would be a mass of cement and concrete poured and shaped off with
trowel and float.
7. Sustainability and Development
7.1 Water Supply and Management
One of the notable projects in Hathipur is the construction of an Intze type water tank
using Staad Pro software. This project aims to provide a reliable water supply to the
village while considering various environmental loads such as earthquake, wind, snow,
rainfall, and extreme temperature variations1. The design and implementation of this
water tank are crucial for ensuring that the village has access to clean and safe water,
which is a fundamental aspect of sustainable development.

7.2 Economic Growth through Infrastructure

The development of a multimodal logistics park by the Dedicated Freight Corridor
Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) is set to significantly impact Hathipur’s
economy. This logistics park is expected to handle a substantial amount of goods, which
will not only boost the local economy but also create job opportunities for the residents.
Such infrastructure projects are essential for rural areas to integrate with larger economic
networks and achieve sustainable growth.

7.3 Education and Capacity Building

The establishment of the Integrated School of Sustainability at IIT Kanpur is a step
towards promoting education and research in sustainability2. While this institution is not
located within Hathipur itself, its proximity to the village allows for potential
collaboration, knowledge transfer, and capacity building among the local population.
Educational initiatives like this can empower residents with the skills and knowledge
necessary to pursue sustainable practices.
8. Community Participation
Community participation in Hathipur village, located in the Kanpur Nagar district of
Uttar Pradesh, India, is primarily facilitated through the local governance structure
known as the Gram Panchayat. This system allows for the involvement of villagers in
decision-making processes that affect their daily lives and the development of their
community. Here’s an elaboration on the community participation aspect:

8.1 Gram Panchayat and Local Governance

The Gram Panchayat serves as the basic unit of local self-government in Hathipur. It is
responsible for the administration of the village and works towards the welfare of its
residents. The Panchayat is headed by a Sarpanch, who is elected by the villagers, and
is supported by other elected members from various wards within the village. This
democratic structure ensures that the voices of the villagers are heard and considered in
local governance1.

8.2 Community Involvement in Development Projects

Residents of Hathipur actively participate in community development projects, such as
the construction of roads, public utilities, and the maintenance of sanitation facilities.
The Gram Panchayat often organizes meetings where villagers can express their
opinions, suggest improvements, and volunteer for various initiatives. This participatory
approach helps in aligning development projects with the actual needs of the community.

8.3 Addressing Social Issues

Community participation extends to social issues as well. Villagers come together to
address matters such as education, healthcare, and women’s empowerment. Programs
and initiatives aimed at improving literacy rates, providing health awareness, and
enhancing the status of women in the village are often driven by community members
themselves.
9. Challenges and Opportunities
Hathipur faces typical rural challenges, including limited access to healthcare and
education. However, the ongoing infrastructure and educational developments present
opportunities for the village to overcome these challenges. By leveraging these
developments, Hathipur can improve the quality of life for its residents and move
towards a more sustainable future.

In conclusion, the sustainability and development of Hathipur are being addressed

through strategic infrastructure projects, water management systems, and educational
initiatives. These efforts are aimed at creating a resilient and self-sustaining rural habitat
that can thrive in the face of environmental and economic challenges. For a more detailed
analysis, further field research and data collection would be beneficial.