Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

ABADIVENTISITI B’UMUNSI WA KARINDWI N’IVUGURURA

MU MYAMBARIRE

Byateguwe na D.E Robinson

1
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

Ibirimo:
Igice cya 1: Icyo Abagore Bahamagarirwa............................................................................................... 3
Igice cya 2: Abagore Bandukanye Bayoboye Abandi .............................................................................. 4
Igice cya 3: Madamu Bloomer Yaramamajwe ......................................................................................... 4
Igice cya 4: Ivugurura ry’Imyambarire Ryarakunzwe ........................................................................... 6
Igice cya 5: Ihamagara Rikomeye rya Dr. Austin.................................................................................... 6
Igice cya 6: Amahame y’Ivugurura mu Myambarire Yaratsinze .......................................................... 7
Igice cya 7: Gushakisha Ukwambara mu buryo Bugezweho .................................................................. 8
Igice cya 8: Umuhamagaro wa Adoniram Judson ................................................................................... 9
Igice cya 9: Ibyavuzwe na Madamu White ku Myambarire................................................................... 9
Igice cya 10: Ingaruka mbi Zigaragara z’Imyambarire ya kera .......................................................... 11
Igice cya 11: Ingaruka z’Imyambarire y’Abanyamerika...................................................................... 11
Igice cya 12: Amahame y’Ibanze ............................................................................................................. 12
Igice cya 13: Ukwitegereza Neza.............................................................................................................. 14
Igice cya 14: Hakenewe Imyambarire Ivuguruwe ................................................................................. 14
Igice cya 15: Madamu White Agerageza iyo Myambarire................................................................... 16
Igice cya 16: Mu Kigo Gishinzwe Ubuzima ............................................................................................ 16
Igice cya 17: Imyambarire Yaganiriweho mu Matorero....................................................................... 17
Igice cya 18: “Jya Wambara Imyenda Yoroheje, Itagira Imitako” ..................................................... 19

2
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

Igice cya 1: Icyo Abagore Bahamagarirwa

Mu nyandiko zo muri icyo gihe harimo ibihamya byinshi byerekana ukuri kwa Madamu White
kurega imideri yari igezweho mu myambarire y’abagore. Hafi imyaka itatu mbere yaho,
umuvugizi w’abarwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, ubwo yavuganaga n’imbaga y’abantu
benshi bari bateraniye i Washington DC, yatanze ikirego gikurikira ku bijyanye n’ingaruka
ndetse n’iyicarubozo rikorerwa abagore:
“Imyambarire y’abagore iteguye ku buryo iba itanogeye ijisho kandi igarara ko ari umutwaro,
kuburyo iyo basohotse hanze baba bari mu kaga gakabije. Iyo baramutse barenze umuryango
bashobora kwanduza ibirenge byabo kandi amajipo yabo akuzura umukungu uko batambuka,
maze bakisanga amaguru n’amaboko byabo biba bitarinzwe bikonjeshejwe n’umuyaga. Igihe
bifuza kugenda, bagomba gutegereza kugeza ubwo ikime kivuye ku byatsi, kandi ubushyuhe
bwinshi bw’izuba ryo mu mpeshyi bwamururaho umumaro waryo. Igihe bakora mu murima,
hakoreshwa imbaraga nyinshi ku myambaro kuruta izikoreshwa ku bimera, kuko bataba
bambaye mu buryo butuma bashobora kugenda mu buryo bworoshye, ahubwo [ijipo] iba igomba
kuzamurwa igahagatirwa mu maboko yabo, mu gihe bakoresha ibiganza byabo. Igihe bagiye ku
isoko baba bagomba kugenda bahagatiye imyambaro kimwe n’agatebo [bahahiramo], kuko
imyambaro yabo iba ikubura urume, ivumbi, ibyondo, cyangwa urubura. Mu gihe batwaye igare
[cyangwa indogobe] baba bagomba guterurwa bagashyirwa mu igare, mu gihe bo baba bitaye ku
majipo yabo, ndetse yemwe n’igihe [amagare] afashwe, maze bakaba bagomba kuyavamo kugira
go yoroherezwe; kandi n’iyo kubw’impanuka, hagize akaga kagera ku buzima bwabo cyangwa
ku maguru n’amaboko yabo bari mu igare cyangwa bahetswe n’indogobe, birushaho
kubakomerera inkubwe cumi kubera bene iyo myambaro ibabuza gutambuka….
“Iyo bahindukiye bakagera mu ngoro iririmbishijwe ibibabi y’ibyaremwe, kugira ngo bagire ibyo
bigira gukora ku byaremwe, baba bagomba kwizengurukaho bakubita hirya no hino kuri buri
gihuru na buri giti, bakamarira igihe cyabo mu kwita ku myambaro aho kwishimira ibyaremwe;
ndetse iyo bageze ahantu hari akazitiro umurima uri hakurya aba ari urubuga badashobora
kugeramo nubwo haba harimo indabyo nziza z’akataraboneka. —Ellen Beard Harmon, Dress
Reform: Its Physiological and Moral Bearing, (a lecture delivered at the Y.M.C.A. Hall,
Washington, D. C., February 10. 1862, pp. 10, 11; New York: Davies and Kent, 1862).
Mu gihe gisaga imyaka irenga icumi, amajwi yo guhakana yakomeje kujya yumvikana arwanya
imyambarire y’ubuturage [cyangwa kudasirimuka], yangiza ubuzima abagore bari barategetswe
n’abari bashinzwe kugena iby’imideri. Imyaka 11 mbere yaho, Nyakubahwa Gerret Smith,
umwe mu bagize Inama Nkuru (Congress), yaratangaje ati:
“Hakenewe cyane ivugurura ry’imyambarire y’umugore. Si ikintu cyo kwirengagizwa ku buzima
bwe no ku kuba ingirakamaro kwe. Mu gihe agizwe imbohe n’imyambarire yo muri iki gihe, mu
buryo butageraranywa azahora ari nta buzima bwiza afite kandi ari imbura mu maro.” Quoted by

3
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

Mrs. M. Angeline Merritt in Dress Reform,

Practically and Physiologically Considered, pp. 169, 170 (Buffalo: Jewett, Thomas, and Co.,
1852).

Igice cya 2: Abagore Bandukanye Bayoboye Abandi

Hamwe n’uko kurwanya imyambarire yari iri kuba gikwira, ntibitangaje kuba umwe mu bagize
Inama Nkuru yarahaye uburenganzira umukobwa we Madamu Elizabeti Mileri, abikuye ku
mutima kwambara imyenda isa n’iy’Abanyaturikiya. Bwana Mileri na we yarabyemeye, kandi
ashyigikira cyane imyambaro y’umugore we itangaje, ariko kandi byumvikana muri Leta zunze
Ubumwe za Amerika. Iyi myambaro yabaye inkuru igezweho mu itangazamakuru ryo muro icyo
gihe.
Nyuma yo kwambara iyo myambaro mu gihe cy’ameze agera kuri atatu, madamu Mileri yagiye i
Seneca Falls, ho muri New York, gusura mubyara we, ari we Madamu Elizabeth Cady Stanton,
umwe mu bagore bari bubashywe bo muri iki gihugu kubera umuhati we mu mimimo y’abagore.
Uko bigaragara, inyungu zo kugira umudendezo no kumva uguwe neza mu myambaro Madamu
Mileri yari yambaye, yakoze ku mutima wa mubyara we cyane, kuko bidatinze yahise yambara
umwambaro ukozwe mu buryo nk’ubwo.
Nyuma yaho Madamu Amelia Bloomer yinjiye muri uwo mikino. Yari atuye muri Seneca Falls,
akaba ari nawe wakosoraga [inyandiko] y’ikinyamakuru cy’abagore cyitwa ‘The Lily’
cyasohokaga buri kwezi. Amaze kubona ko iyo myambaro ari mishya, yarayikunze cyane, maze
bidatinze aba uwa gatatu mu bagize itsinda ry’abatatu baharanira ko imyambarire yahinduka. Mu
igazeti ye yo muri Werurwe, 1851, yasobanuye kandi ashimagiza iyo myambaro, maze mu kwezi
kwakurikiyeho atangaza uko nawe ubwe yayakiriye, agira ati:
“Basomyi bacu, nimuterebe uko tumeze ubungubu, mu mwambaro mugufi n’imapantalo, nuko
maze niba mubikunze, mugaragaze amaranga mutima yanyu kuri iyi ngingo—mushime cyangwa
mugaye, mubyemere cyangwa mubicireho iteka, uko mwumva bibanogeye. Twamenyereye ibyo
byombi kandi nta cyitaweho nk’ibitekerezo byanyu.”—The Lily, April, 1851.

Igice cya 3: Madamu Bloomer Yaramamajwe

Madamu Bloomer kirya gihe nta gitekerezo yari afite cyo gukurikiza burundu modeli nshya
y’imyambarire, ntiyatekerezaga ko igikorwa cye cyajyaga kurema ibinezaneza mu isi yose
yateye imbere; cyangwa ko izina rye ryajyaga kwitirirwa imyambaro. Yahoraga atangaza ko
icyubahiro nk’icyo cyakagombye kuba cyarahawe madamu Mileri. Itangazamakuru rusange
ryakwirakwije kure cyane ako gashya nk’uko amakuru y’ibirungo [akwira kwira hose]. Nyuma

4
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

yo kwandika inkuru y’ibyabaye mu kinyamakuru cyo muri Chicago, Madamu Bloomer

yatanzeho igitekerezo agira ati:
“Narahagaze ntangazwa n’uburakari nateje ntabishaka. Ikinyamakuru The New York cyasohoye
itangazo rya mbere nabonye ryerekeye igikorwa cyanjye. Ibindi binyamakuru byarisamiye
hejuru maze birarihanahana. Kungurana ibitekerezo kwanjye kose byabaga bifite icyo bivuze.
Bamwe barashimagizaga, abandi bakannyega, bamwe barashimiraga, abandi barabigayaga kandi
bakabyamagana. ‘Ububulumerizime’,‘Ububulumerayiti’, ‘Ababuluma’ (‘Bloomerism’,
‘Bloomerites’, ‘Bloomers’) ni yo yabaga ari imitwe y’inkuru nyinshi, ingingo, n’inyandiko
z’ibinyamakuru….
“Bimaze kumenyekana ko ndi kwambara imyenda mishya, naje guhundagazwaho amabaruwa
aturutse mu bagore babarirwa mu magana, bo mu gihugu hose; babaza kuri iyo myambarire
ndetse bakanabaza uko ikoze—ibyo byanyeretse uburyo abagore biteguye kandi bakaba bafite
ishyushyu ryo kwiyambura umutwaro w’amajipo maremare aremereye.” —Quoted by her
husband, Dexter C. Bloomer, Life and Writings of Amelia
Bloomer, p. 68 (Boston: Arena Publishing Company,
1895).
Muri Kamena, madamu Stanton, madamu Bloomer, hamwe n’abandi bagore bane cyangwa
batanu bagaragaye muri iyo myambaro igihe bari bitabiye inama y’iby’iuby’ubuzima ku kigo
nderabuzima cya Dr. Jackson; icyo kigo nyuma kikaba cyaraje kuba ahitwa i Glen Haven, muri
New York. Umudeli munshya w’imyambarire washyizwe kuri gahunda y’ibiri buze
kuganirwaho, maze Dr. Harriet Austin, umuganga wungirije muri icyo kigo; arahinduka. We na
Dr. Jackson barigaruriwe bafatwa nk’abavugizi bashishikaye bafitiye ishyaka ubugorozi
[bw’imyambarire]. Nk’abanditsi b’ikinyamakuru ‘Water Cure’ ndetse n’icyagisimbuye cyitwa
‘The Law of Life’ bari bari mu mwanya wo kuba bibimenyakanisha bikagerakure cyane. Mu
myaka itari mike wasangaga ikinyamakuru cyabo gisa naho cyananiwe kwemeza abantu
kuyemera, cyangwa ngo gitange ubuhamya bwatanzwe n’abasomyi b’abanyamuhate ko hari icyo
iyo myambarire yamariye ubuzima bwabo. Nyamara imiterere y’imideri yahinduwe mu buryo
bushoboka n’umukobwa Austin; kandi bidatinze byaje kumenyekana nk’ ‘Imyambarire ya
Kinyamerika’.
Ku ruhande rumwe habayeho gushima no gushimwa, naho ku rundi ruhande hakabaho gutukwa
no gusebywa, ni byo byari byinshi byerekeye abagorozi mu by’imyambarire. Ibi byatumye
bishoboka ko nyuma yaho abasobanuzi bagize icyo bavuga ku byerekeye iyo nkubiri byaba
kurisebya no kurigaragaraza nk’iridakunzwe [na rubanda] kandi rikagirwa urw’amenyo,
cyangwa kuritangaho ibitekerezo nk’irikwiriye gushimwa, ibyo ryaje guhabwa mu bihembwe
byinshi. Dr Jackson avuga uburyo kwakirwa [kw’ivugurura mu byimyambarire] gukozwe
n’umugore we mu gihe yari adafite ibyiringiro yaramugaye, bitarokoye ubuzima bwe gusa
ahubwo byanamugaruriye amagara mazima, nuko avuga mu buryo bubabaje ukuntu yanezwe
n’abantu bamwe ati:
“Nta n’umwe ushobora kuvuga ububabare twese twagize mu mibare rusange yakozwe kubwo
kwemezwa kwacu ko hakenwe impinduka mu bijyanye n’imyambarire y’abagore bo mu gihugu

5
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

cyacu niba bagomba kugira ubuzima buzira umuze nk’ihame, naho indwara ikaba nk’ikintu
cy’inzaduka mu mibereho yabo. Nizera rwose ko nta kigereranyo cy’imico mibi cyigeze gifatwa
nk’igishoboka ko umugabo yabasha kwiyemeza, kandi ngo anagire amahirwe yo kureka
gusohoza inshingano, bitigeze bimvugwaho, kubera ko gusa nashyigikiye ivugurura mu
myambarire no gukoresha indyo igizwe n’ibikomoka mu butaka ku barwayi.” — Laws of Life,
November, 1860.

Igice cya 4: Ivugurura ry’Imyambarire Ryarakunzwe

Umubare w’abagore bahindukiriye iyo myambarire mishya wakomeje kwiyongera uko umwaka
utashye undi ukaza. Muri Kamena 1863, hashize imyaka igera kuri cumi n’ibiri nyuma y’aho
madamu Mileri yari yatangirije ivugurura, inama ngarukamwaka y’ihuriro ry’ivugurura
ry’imyambarire yabereye i Ronchester muri New York. Mu ijambo rye ritangiza inama, Dr.
Austin yavuze ko buri gihe yajyaga yongera mu mabwiriza yahaga abarwayi be aya magambo
ngo: ‘Mwakire imyambarire ya Kinyamerika,’ kandi yavuze ko yishimiye kuba yaragize
imbaraga ihindura abandi ku buryo byibura abagore bagera ku gihumbi bakurikiza inama ze. Ku
byerekeranye no kwakira [ivugurura] muri rusange, yongeyeho ati:
“Nta vugurura, rirwanywa n’abadashaka impinduka by’ukuri nk’iri, ryigeze ritera imbere cyane
mu myaka ya mbere yo kubaho kwaryo, kurenza ibyakozwe n’iringiri. Muri Leta zose
z’Amajyaruguru [iri vugurura mu myambarire] rifite abarihagarariye amagana, kandi mu mibare
yabo babarirwa mu bihumbi. [Iyo myambarire] irazwi kandi yambarwa muri Kalifoniya, mu
Burasirazuba n’Iburengerazuba bwa Canada, muri New Brunswick, na Nova Scotia. Ibihimbi
by’inshi by’abagore bo muri iyi Leta bari kwamabara imyambaro [igezweho] ya Kinyamerika.
Hari abaturanyi babo benshi bari hagati no mu Burengerazuba bya New York; aho iyi myenda
isanzwe yambarwa. Hariho intara muri Ohio, Michigan, Lowa, no mu mu zindi Leta zo mu
Burengerazuba, aho abayambara bashobora kubarirwa mu magana.” — Laws of Life, August,
1863.
Muri iyi mbwirwaruhame yanyujijwe imbere y’imbaga y’abantu bagera ku 1,700, Dr. Austin
aduha ishusho y’ikirego cyibasiriye imyambarire icyo [itsinda] “ry’Imyambarire
y’Abanyamerika”, bahakanye. Mu gushushanya indwara nk’aho ari umuntu, “indwara ifata
uruhu rukeruruka” yerekanye neza ishusho y’ingaruka ye [avuga iyo ndwara] zigera ku bagore
n’ababyeyi, maze yongeraho ati:

Igice cya 5: Ihamagara Rikomeye rya Dr. Austin

“Mbega ukuntu yishimira imyenda bambara! Yicara mu byumba bambariramo, maze

akazunguza umutwe, akisetsa, kandi akamwenyurana igomwa, mu gihe igikorwa cyo kwambara
kiba gikomeje kujya mbere, kandi buri gihe ndetse mu buryo butazwi nk’uko ingingo zimwe na
zimwe zo mu binyamakuru zemerwa ziba zihuje cyane n’intego ye yuzuye urwango, ahagarara
mu ruhande rwe maze agacya mu maso anyuzwe cyane. Aratangara ati: ‘Ziriya nkweto—yego,
ziriya zimukwiye rwose!! Mbega ukuntu ari byiza uko zisunika amano akababara, kandi

6
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

zigasunika imitsi y’imijyana y’akagombabari! Mugore ukundwa, mbega ukuntu uri imbohe
y’indahemuka! Nzakuguma iruhande kugeza umunsi uzapfa. Kandi iyi myambaro yo mu
rukenyerero ihambira mu nda [ibande] uyambare witonze. Aho ngaho rwose, uyikore ise
nigufashe. Tsemba imikorere y’imikaya y’igice cy’inda cyose uko cyakabaye. Ibi ni ukugira ngo
guhumeka kwaawe kumanuke buhoro cyane.
“Kandi n’iyi kanzu ni nziza cyane—ni agahebuzo! Amaboko yayo atendeje azemerera ubukonje,
ubuhehere, n’umwuka wa nimugoroba gukinira mu buryo bworoshye ku maboko azaba yererutse
[yasheshe urumeza]. Amagufwa azaba nk’ay’ifi y’igondagonde? Ah, yego, niko bizagenda. Ubu
noneho yifunge ye mugore! Ihambire wikomeze cyane. Cura ibihaha byawe umwuka, maze
igituza cyawe ucyegeranye kibe gito cyane. Ni uko ni uko di! Igifunga kimwe kirafunze neza.
Nta mugore ushyira mu gaciro wakwambara imyenda imuhambira mu nda no mu gituza
(corsets). Ni ibintu byangiza kandi ikirushijeho kuba kibi, ni uko bitakijyanye n’igihe. Ariko
umwambaro ugukwiye kandi mwiza nta kibi wagutwara….
“‘Madamu, hagarara maze uhumeke akanya gato. Ngaho, noneho komeza. Mbega imiterere
y’kanzu! Haguruka noneho, maze urebe uburebure bwayo mu ndorerwamo. Ni byiza cyane!
Mbese igenda ikubura hasi mu buryo bushimishije. Kandi n’ibyo wambariramo imbere byo
kuzamura ikanzu yawe na byo biragukwiriye rwose. Ha! Ha!.... Mbese umuyaga ntuzagera ku
maguru ye mu buryo bworoshye? Kandi se ntazabuzwa amahwemo, akabangamirwa kuri buri
ntambwe atera, kubera iyi mikunjo yose? None se igihe azaba yiteguye kuyikuramo, ntazumva
afite ubwoba, ananiwe kandi acogoye? Mbese sinkwiriye kuba namuboneye icyo kumufata mu
buryo bwihuse?’” —Laws of Life, August, 1863.
Mu bantu batoranyijwe muri iri huriro kugira ngo bakore nk’abayobozi b’ihuriro ry’umwaka
wakurikiyeho, bari abaganga barindwi, abagabura batatu, umugore w’umugabura umwe, ndetse
n’umupofeseri umwe. Joshua V. Himes wahoze akorana na William Miller mu bijyanye n’urimo
w’itsinda ry’abari bategereje [kugaruka kwa Yesu], yari umwe mu bagize komite nyobozi. Izina
rye ryagiye ruboneka kenshi mu Kinyamakuru Amategeko y’Ubuzima (Laws of Life) nk’umwe
mu bari bashishikajwe kandi bemera amavugurura akomeye yo kubungabunga no kuzahura
ubuzima.

Igice cya 6: Amahame y’Ivugurura mu Myambarire Yaratsinze

Kubera ko impaka zabaye gikwira ku byerekeranye n’ivugurura mu myambarire, zakomeje mu

gihe cy’imyaka makumyabiri cyangwa mirongo itatu gusa, kandi bitewe n’uko nyuma yaho
imyambaro bifuzaga kandi bashyigikiraga itakomeje, bishobora kugaragara nk’aho impamvu abo
bantu baharaniraga ivugurura yari itsinzwe. Ariko kandi, amahame barwaniye gitwari, yo yageze
ku ntego yayo. Ibyo bigaragazwa neza mu ngingo y’ibanze yo mu kinyamakuru kizwi cyane, aho
dusoma amagambo agira ati:
“Impamvu yatumye abaharaniraga ivugurura mu myambarire bakora cyane kandi bakicwa
urwagashinyaguro yaratsinze mu buryo hafi ya bwose, ariko mu buryo butandukanye cyane
n’uko bo bari babyiteze. Batekerezaga gusa ku buzima no kugubwa neza. Bitaga kage cyane ku
bwiza bw’inyuma, nta n’icyo bari bazi ku byereranye n’ubugeni. Ibyifuzo byabo byo kuzana

7
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

imyambabarire y’ababuluma n’indi myambaro [idasanzwe] binganya ububi byaratsinzwe rwose,

ariko imihati yabo yose ntabwo ari ko yabaye imfabusa…..
Ingingo z’ingenzi mu nyandiko y’ibirego by’imyambarire y’abagore bo mu bihe bya kera ni uko
yasaga naho itandukanye nk’uko ivubi riri [rigira ibice bisa n’ibitandukanye kandi bitangana],
kandi ko igice cyo hasi cyabaga kiremejwe cyane n’amajipo aremereye, kandi ko ayo majipo
yabaga ageraga hasi maze akagenda akubura umukungugu. Muri iki gihe, uburemere
bw’imyembaro y’umugore yose uko yakabaye ni kimwe cya kabiri cyangwa kimwe cya gatatu
gusa cy’uko byabaga bimeze kera. Imyambaro ine ishobora kujya mu mwanya wajyagamo
umwambaro umwe kera. Ubu ngubu ikanzu imwe mu zigezweho cyane, uburemere buba buva
ku ntugu, kandi ibice byo hasi ku bibero birahemburwa kubwo kugabanya uburemere,
uburebure n’umubare w’amajipo [yambarwa icyarimwe]. Ijipo ntabwo igikururuka [ngo igende
ikubura] mu muhanda….
Abagore, kubera impamvu zishingiye ku mutimanama wabo, banze gukanyaga inkenyerero
zabo, maze nk’ingaruka bababazwa cyane no gusuzugurwa n’abo bahuje igitsina [abagore
bagenzi babo], ubu ngubu basigaye bisanga bari mu ruhande rw’abanyamideri. Umuzenguruko
wo mu rukenyerero ungana na santimetero 81.2cm ufatwa nk’uwemewe, naho mu gihe mbere ho
ungana na santimetero 50.8cm ni wo watekerezwaga ko ukwriye. Uyu munsi umugore wambaye
imyenda igezweho abasha kunama kugira ngo yikuremo agashubi kinjiye mu birenge bye [mu
gihe mbere bitashobokaga kuko yabaga yihambiriye cyane kandi yambaye ibiremereye].—The
New York Independent, October 23, 1913.
Muri iki gihe, birashoboka ko abagore bambara ibisa neza, mu buryo bworoheje, budahenze,
kandi butuma bagira ubuzima bwiza, bitabaye ngombwa ko bitandukanya cyane bikabije
n’imyambarire yemewe.

Igice cya 7: Gushakisha Ukwambara mu buryo Bugezweho

Ubwo tumaze kubona imideri yo muri icyo gihe, n’inkubiri z’abaharaniraga ivugurura
ry’imyambarire; dukwiriye gusuzuma imyifatire y’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi ku
byerekeranye n’ibyo bibazo.
Hagati y’umwaka w’i 1840 n’uw’i 1844, igihe abayoboke b’Itsinda ry’Abategereje bari
bategereje kugaruka kwa Kristo kwari kwegereje cyane, bashakishanyije umwete umwiteguro
w’umutima n’imibereho nk’ibizababashisha kumusanganirana umutimanama uzira icyaha.
Abenshi muri bo bumvaga bameze nk’uko Ellen Harmon wari ukiri muto yumvaga ameze, uwo
nyuma waje kuvuga inararibonye ye n’abavandimwe be, akandika ati:

8
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

“Twaganiraga kuri yo ngingo hagati yacu ubwacu, maze twiyemeza gushakisha amafaranga
dushoboye yose, maze tukayakoresha tugura ibitabo n'impapuro zanditsweho ubutumwa
tukabitanga ku buntu. Iki ni cyo kintu kiruta ibindi twari dushoboye gukora, kandi ibi byoroheje
twabikoze tunezerewe…. Nta gishuko nari mfite cy’uko nakoresha amafaranga kubwo
kwinezeza njyewe ubwanjye. Ikanzu yanjye yari igizwe n'ibara rimwe; nta faranga nashoboraga
gutanga ngo bayishyireho imitako itari ngombwa, kubera ko kwiyerekana kudafite icyo kumaze,
kwagaragaga nk’icyaha mu maso yanjye…. Umutwaro waremereraga umutima wanjye kari
agakiza k’abantu.” — Life Sketches of
Ellen G. White, 47, 48.

Igice cya 8: Umuhamagaro wa Adoniram Judson

Uko niko byari bimeze kuri benshi mu Badiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi, uhereye mu minsi
ya mbere y’inararibonye yabo nk’ishyanga ryihariye. Nubwo imyambarire iboneye kandi iramba
yafatwaga nk’ihuje n’imitekerereze ya Kristo, imitako itari ngombwa [yongerwaga ku
myambararo] yirindwaga cyane nk’icyaha. Ibihe byinshi mu kinyamakuru ‘Urwibutso
n’Integuza’, habonekagamo ingingo zitanga inama yo kwiyoroshya mu myambarire, nubwo mu
gihe cy’imyaka runaka, gusuzuma icyo kibazo mu rwego rw’ubuzima byashyizweho umwete,
bigakurikizwa n’amabwiriza yo mu Byanditswe Byera arwanya ubwibone no kwiyerekana. Mu
mwaka w’i 1855, umwanditsi w’ikinyamakuru ‘Urwibutso n’Integuza’, yashyizemo ingingo
yabanzirizaga izindi y’amagambo yatangajwe na John Wesley ku myambarire, ku “Nama yahaye
abantu bitwaga Abametodisite” (ku itariki ya 10 Nyakanga 1855); hamwe n’“Ibaruwa ya Judison
ku Myambarire”, yasohotse mu mwaka w’i 1859. Muri iyi baruwa Adoniramu Judison yari
yasabye biturutse ku murimo yari yakoze muri Burumaniya, asaba abagore bo mu matorero
y’ibanze asanzwe aho ngaho [home churches], kubera ingorane no guhungabanywa kwari
kwarabayeho ubwo abakristo kavukire b’Abanyaburumaniya bajugunyaga imitako yabo, noneho
ko bashobora kubona ibyo kwirimbisha bisa n’ibyari byambawe n’abagore n’abakobwa bari
baraje muri filidi ye nk’abavugabutumwa.
Ku itariki ya 27 Gicurasi 1856, mu nama y’abizera yabereye i Battle Creek, ho muri Michigan,
ubutumwa bukomeye bwahawe itorero binyuze mu Mwuka w’Ubuhanuzi, bwamagana
“ukwisanisha n’ab’isi kwa bamwe mu bavuga bakomeza Isabato.” Ubwo butumwa bwagaragaje
ko abo bantu “bafite akamenyero ko kwambara no kwitwara nk’ab’isi uko bishoboka kose;
nyamara kandi bakaba bajya no mu ijuru.” —Testimonies for the Church vol 1 p.131.

Igice cya 9: Ibyavuzwe na Madamu White ku Myambarire

Ku bigendanye n’ibyo yeretswe muri icyo gihe, Madamu White yaranditse ati:
“Nabonye ko bamwe mu bavuga ko bakomeza Isabato bamara amasaha arutwa n’ayatakaye, biga
umuderi uyu cyangwa uriya yo kurimbisha imibiri y’impezamajyo kandi ipfa. Mu gihe mutuma
mugaragara nk’ab’isi, kandi mukigira beza uko mushoboye kose, mwibuke ko uwo mubiri mu
minisi ushobora guhinduka ibyo kurya by’inyo. Kandi igihe uwushyiraho imitako ikunejeje

9
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

kugira ngo unezeze amaso, uba uri gupfa mu by’umwuka… Nabonye ko uko umuntu agaragara
inyuma ari ikimenyetso cy’uko umutima umeze. Igihe inyuma hanagana udushumi tubengerana,
amakola, n’ibindi bintu bidakenewe, bigaragaza neza ko gukunda ibyo bintu byose ari ko kuzuye
mu mutima, kandi keretse gusa aba bantu nibezwaho kwangirika kwabo, naho ubundi
ntibashobora kubona Imana, kuko abafite imitima iboneye gusa ari bo bazabona Imana.” —
Testimonies for the Church vol 1 p.134, p.136
Ni uko igihe kiragera hashyiraho amahame rusange akwiriye kuyobora Umukristo ushaka
gukurikiza itegeko ry’intumwa ryo kwirinda “gukunda iby’isi”. Amagambo ya mbere yo
kwamagana uburyo runaka bw’imyambarire dusanga mu bitabo byacu by’itorero, ari mu
kinyamakuru “Urwibutso n’Integuza” cyasohotse ku wa 05 Kanama 1858, aho umukuru J.
Byington atanga ibisobanuro bikurikira mu buryo bumeze nk’ikibazo ariko bunatanga
umwanzuro:
“Mbese imyenda y’amaboko maremare ku misozo, n’ibikubwe, cyangwa amakanzu maremare
ataratse ariho imitako (Yesaya 3:18), yaba ariyo myambaro iboneye? [kandi n’abagaore ni uko
ndashaka ko bambara imyambaro ikwiriye, bakagira isoni birinda, kandi batirimbisha kuboha
umusatsi, cyangwa izahabu cyangwa imaragarita, cyangwa imyenda y’igiciro cyinshi.]
(1Timoteyo 2:9). Niba ari ko biri, nibitegekwe itorero ryose muri rusange.—The Review and
Herald, August 5, 1858.
Abagore bane gusa, uko bigaragara nibo bagize ubutwari bwo kugira icyo bavuga kuri icyo
kibazo, hamwe n’ingaruruka zacyo. Abo bose bahurije hamwe mu kwamagana uburyo bwa
mbere, kandi batatu bahurije hamwe ko kwambara amakanzu maremare ataratse kandi ariho
imitako agenda akubura inzira bwari uburyo “butabareye abagore bavuga ko bubaha Imana.”
Ariko kandi umwe muri bo yagaragaje igitekerezo cye cy’uko ayo makanzu maremare ataratse
kandi ariho imitako agenda akubura inzira ntacyo yari atwaye kandi ashobora kuba yategekwa
itorero muri rusange muri iki gihe cy’umwaka, iramutse ikoreshejwe mu rugero.” — The Review
and Herald, September 23, 1858.
Mu mpera z’umwaka w’i 1861, Madamu White yavuze iby’icyo kintu kidasanzwe: “Neretswe
ko amakanzu maremare ataratse kandi ariho imitako agenda akubura inzira ari ikizira, kandi ko
imbaraga ihindura ya buri muntu wese uruhuka Isabato yagombye kuba ugucyaha kwerekeza
kuri uyu mudeli uteye ipfunwe, wari warabaye indorerwamo yo gukiranirwa.” —The Review
and Herald, August 27, 1861.
Amakanzu maremare ataratse kandi ariho imitako agenda akubura inzira yakomeje kwamaganwa
kenshi mu kinyamakuru cy’itorero, cyamaganwa n’abagabura n’abalayiki. Imyifatire y’itorero
muri rusange yo kubirwanya igaragarira mu ibaruwa yanditswe n’umugore, akaba yaranditse ku
nararibonye y’ibyamubayeho igihe yemeraga ubwo butumwa. Mu materaniro yabereye mu
ihema, yabajije mushiki wacu umwe mwiza niba yarashoboraga kuba Umudiventisiti kandi
agakomeza kwambara amakanzu maremare ataratse kandi ariho imitako agenda akubura inzira.
Igisubizo yatanze ahakana cyamuteye guhamya ko we atashoboraga kuba umwizera [wacu] iyo
biza kuba ari uko bimeze. Ariko na none, nyuma yo kumva icyigisho cyigishijwe n’Umukuru

10
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

Waggoner ku byerekeranye n’imyambarire, yafashe umwanzuro w’uko “agiye kubireka burundu

niba ari byo bishimishije mu maso y’Uwiteka.” —The Review and Herald, April 28, 1863.

Igice cya 10: Ingaruka mbi Zigaragara z’Imyambarire ya kera

Ingaruka mbi zigaragara z’imyambarire igezweho yo muri icyo gihe [cya kera], zatangiye
kwitabwaho muri iki gihe. Munsi y’ingingo ifite umutwe uvuga ngo: “Ibiganiro ku Buzima”
hagaragayemo ingingo ebyiri, zombi zari zatoranyijwe mu nyandiko za Dr. Dio Lewis wo muri
Boston. Mu ngingo ya mbere yasohotse ku wa 25 Ugushyingo 1862, yagaragaje ingaruka mbi
z’imyambaro itikwije idafubitse amaguru n’amaboko, naho mu ngingo ya kabiri yasohotse ku wa
25 Gicurasi 1863; yamaganye imyenda umuntu yambara ikamuboha cyane, kandi asaba ko
ikanzu igomba kuba ikwiye [uyambaye] ndtse ikaba irekuye kandi ikaba ituruka ku ntugu aho
kugira ngo [uburemere bwayo] bube bwikorewe n’igice cyo hasi ku bibero. Nubwo
“Abaharanira ivugurura mu myambarire” bashyigikiye “Imyambarire ya Kinyamerika”; bagize
imbaraga nkeya ihindura ku Badiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi, kandi bake gusa muri bo nibo
bayakiriye.
Kuba Abanyamyuka benshi baremeye ibyahimbwe na Bloomer cyangwa ‘Imyambarire ya
Kinyamerika’ kandi bakayambara mu materaniro yabo, byayihaye isura mbi mu maso
y’abakristo benshi b’imitima itaryarya. Ubu ngubu iyo myambaro yarahinduwe iba migufi cyane
ugereranyije n’igihe yazanwaga bwa mbere, ubu ngubu iba ijya kugera ku mavi, cyangwa hejuru
yaho, kandi ibyo bituma iba igayitse kuko iba itiyubashye.
Byari biturutse ku mpamvu zo kwiyoroshya n’uburyo bwiza, ubwo Madamu Ellen G White
yavugaga bwa mbere ku “Myambarire ya Kinyamerika”. Mu mwaka w’i 1863, mu nyandiko
ivuga “Imurimo mu Burasirazuba”; aho bamwe bari barafashe imyanya ikabije y’ubuhezanguni;
maze abandi bakajya mu bwaka, yagize ati:
“Imana ntishaka ko ubwoko bwayo bukurikiza iryo ngirwa-vugurura ry’imyambarire. Ni
imyambarire itarangwa no kwicisha bugufi, ni imyambaro idakwiriye rwose abayoboke ba Kristo
biyoroheje kandi b’abagwaneza.” —Testimonies for the Church Vol 1 p.421
Mu kugaragaza icyo Ibyanditswe bivuga birwanya iyo myambarire y’ubuhezanguni, na none
yaranditse ati:
“Nabonye ko itegeko ry’Imana ryacuritswe, kandi amabwiriza yayo yihariye asuzugurwa
n’abahitamo gukurikiza imyambarire y’abanyamerika. Nabwiwe kwita ku magambo aboneka mu
Gutegeka kwa kabiri 22:5 ngo: ‘Umugore cyangwa umukobwa ntakambarane n’umugabo, kandi
umugabo ntakambarane n’umugore, kuko ukora atyo wese ari ikizira Uwiteka Imana yawe yanga
urunuka.’” –Ibid

Igice cya 11: Ingaruka z’Imyambarire y’Abanyamerika

11
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

Madamu White yanditse na none ku ngaruka zashoboraga kugera ku b’Adiventisiti b’Umunsi

wa Karindwi iyo baramuka bemeye ubu buryo bwari gikwira bw’imyambarire, agaragaza ko
bajyaga kwibeshywaho ko ari abanyamyuka iyo baza kwemera [ubwo buryo bw’imyambarire],
agira ati:
“Abantu bamwe bizera ukuri bashobora gutekereza ko byarushaho kuba byiza bashiki bacu
bayobotse imyambarire ya kinyamerika. Nyamara niba ubwo buryo bw’imyambarire
bwagwabiza imbaraga ihindura dufite mu batizera kugira ngo tutabageraho mu buryo bwihuse,
nta mpamvu n’imwe dukwiriye kuyemera, nubwo byatuzanira ingaruka nyinshi zibabaza….
“Ku rwego rukabije, abakorana n’imyuka y’abadayimoni bahisemo gukurikiza ubu buryo
bwihariye bw’imyambarire. Abadiventisiti b’umunsi wa Karindwi bizera iby’ihemburwa
ry’impano, inshuro nyinshi bahabwa isura y’abakorana n’imyuka. Nimureke bakurikize iyi
myambarire, imbaraga yabo ihindura izaba ipfuye. Abantu bazabashyira ku rwego rumwe
n’urw’abakorana n’imyuka kandi bazanga kubatega amatwi…. Dufite umurimo ukomeye
tugomba gukora mu isi, kandi Imana ntiyifuza ko twagira imigirire yagabanya cyangwa
ikarimbura imbaraga dufite ihindura abari mu isi.” —Testimonies for the Church vol 1 p.431,
p.422
Nubwo iby’imiterere idakwiriye y’“Imwambarire ya Kinyamerika” byagaragarijwe Ellen G
White, kandi akaba yaranditse abuza bashiki bacu kwakira iyo myambarire, nyamara na we yari
asobanukiwe kimwe n’abandi imitetere idashimishije y’imyambarire yari iri kuba gikwira,
ndetse n’uburyo hari hakenewe ivugurura. Ibitekerezo bye byari byerekejwe ku mwanya wo
hagati na hagati, uwo bashiki bacu bashobora gufata, badakurikiza imyambarire ya kigabo
y’Abanyamerika, cyangwa amakanzu yangiza ubuzima, atuma batabasha kugira icyo bakora,
maremare, kandi aremereye yariho muri icyo gihe. Mu guhamagarira abantu kugira ivugurura
[mu myambarire], Madamu White yaravuzea ati:
“Ntabwo dutekereza ko kwambara imyambaro ya kinyamerika, kwambara amakanzu ataratse
maremare kandi ariho imitako myinshi, cyangwa guheza inguni mu byo kwambara amakanzu
maremare agenda akubura inzira n’imigenderano, bihuye no kwizera kwacu. Iyaba abagore
[n’abakobwa] bambaraga amakanzu yabo ku buryo ahanduye mu nzira hagaragara, kuva hasi ku
birenge kugera ku ikanzu hakaba harimo santimetero ebyiri n’igice cyangwa eshanu, amakanzu
yabo yaba yoroheje kandi yarushaho kurindwa kwandura mu buryo bworoshye kandi akambarwa
igihe kirekire. Ikanzu nk’iyo yaba ihuje no kwizera kwacu.” — Testimonies for the Church vol 1
p.424.
“Hariho urwego rwo hagati na hagati ku bijyanye n’ibi bintu, Icyampa twese tugakorana
ubwenge mu gushaka urwo rwego kandi tukarugenderamo.” —Testimonies for the Church vol 1
p.424.

Igice cya 12: Amahame y’Ibanze

Ikiganiro cyuzuye kivuga ku myambarire cyateguwe na Madamu White kugira ngo hafatwe
umwanzuro ndetse n’ingingo ya gatandatu, nk’uko nyama yaje gushyirwa mu kinyamakuru

12
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

“Uburyo bwo Kubaho”. Muri ibi dushobora kuvumbura amahame y’ibanze ivugurura ry’ukuri
rigomba kuba ryubakiyeho:
1. “Byangiza ubuzima, kandi ni n’icyaha ku bagore bambara imyambararo ibahambiriye
cyane mu nda, cyangwa iteye nk’ifi, cyangwa gukanyaga urukenyerero.—How to Live,
No.6, p.57.

2. “Abagore benshi bangiriza imyanya imwe yo munda ndetse n’ibice byo munsi
y’urukenyerero, mu gihe bambara amajipo aremereye cyane. Ibi bice ntibyaremewe
kwikorera…. Ikanzu y’igitsana-gore, ikwiriye kuba iturutse ku ntugu.” – Ibid, p.58.

3. “Mbese ntabwo ubwoko bw’Imana, umutungo wayo wihariye, buzashaka guhesha Imana
ikuzo yewe no mu myambarire yabo? Kandi se ntibazaba intangarugero ku ngingo
y’imyambarire, maze ku bw’imyambaro yabo yoroheje bagacyaha ubwibone,
n’ubwiyemezi, no kwaya by’isi, by’abakunda kwinezeza bavuga ko bubaha Imana?” –
Ibid, p.58.

4. “Ariko kandi ntibagomba kuba ‘abatagira icyo bitaho ku birebana n’uko bagaragara…
ngo bambare ibitagira gahunda kandi bitajyanye.’ ‘Imyambaro ikwiriye kandi iboneye’
ntabwo igomba gushyirwa mu cyiciro cy’ubwibone.” – Ibid, p.58,59.

5. “Byarushaho kunezeza Imana, iyaba harushagaho kubaho uguhuza mu myambarire

hagati y’abizera.” –Ibid, p.58.

6. “Uburebure bw’ikanzu yambarwa n’igitsina-gore bwamaganwa kubera impamvu

nyinshi…. Ikanzu yabo yakagombye kutajya hasi y’aho inkweto z’imbeho zigarukira,
ariko na none ikaba ari ngufi kuburyo ahantu handuye ho ku mpande n’umuhanda wose
bigaragara bitabaye ngombwa ko bayizamuza ikiganza. Ibid, p.62 – 64.

7. “Uko uburebure bw’ikanzu bwaba bungana kose, igitsina-gore kigomba

kwambara ikanzu ifubitse amaguru yabo mu buryo bukwiye nk’uko bimeze ku bagabo.
Ibi byakorwa bambara amapantaro yoroshye akaba yafungirwa k’utugombambari
cyangwa akaba ari [amapantaro] yuzuye ariko hasi akaba afunganye; kandi aya aba
agomba kuba agera hasi bihagije ku buryo ahura n’aho inkweto zigarukira.” – Ibid, p.64.
Ku bantu bashobora kwanga bene iyi myambarire ngo kubera ko yaba ishaje itakijyanye n’igihe,
Madamu White yarasubije ati:
“Bitwaye iki se? Nifuza ko twakabaye abagendera ku byakera mu bintu byinshi. Iyaba
twarimbishwaga imbaraga nk’izaranze abagore birimbishaga bo mu bihe bya kera, [ibya kera]
byakabaye ibyo kwifuzwa cyane.” – Ibid, p.64.
Yasabye akomeje ko n’ubwo isi yose yagaragara nk’iyitandukanyije nabo by’ihabya, abagore
“bagomba kugaragaraza ukwihagararaho, kandi bakagira ubutwari bwo kuba abanyakuri,.”–Ibid
p.61, p.62.

13
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

“Abakristo ntibagomba kwibabaza ngo bihindure ibishungero kubwo kwambara bitandukanye

n’ab’isi. Ariko, mu gihe kubihuza no kwizera kwabo n’inshingano yabo mu kuba bagomba
kwambara imyambaro icirirtse kandi itabangamira ubuzima, bazisanga basigaye inyuma, ntabwo
bagommba guhindura imyambarire yabo kugira ngo bakunde base n’ab’isi.” – Ibid, p.61.
Uko ni ko byari biri igihe Umukuru White na Madamu White basuraga ikigo cya Dr. Jackson i
Dansville, muri New York. Bari barahisemo uruhande rurwanya amakanzu ataratse maremare
kandi ariho imitako myinshi. Madamu White yari yaravuze arwanya ikoreshwa ry’Imyambarire
ya Kinyamerika kubera ukutabonera kwayo, no kuba isa n’imyambaro y’abagabo, ikaba
inyuranije n’amabwiriza y’Ibyanditswe Byera, kandi bitewe n’urwikekwe iyo myambaro yajyaga
guhagurutsa rwo kurwanya abari bafite ukuri gukomeye bagomba gushyikiriza isi. Yamaganye
imyambaro miremire cyane bikaje, maze asaba ko bakwambara imyenda migufi bihagije ku
buryo buri gihe inzira iba igaragara neza. Kandi yasengaga asaba ko ubwoko bw’Imana bwabona
umwanya ukwiriye w’imbera-byombi muri ibi bintu.

Igice cya 13: Ukwitegereza Neza

Mu gihe cy’ibyumweru bitatu bamaze mu kigo cyitwa Our Home, Madamu White n’umugabo
we babonye amahirwe yo kwitegereza neza umuderi w’imyambaro yari yavuzeho mbere ko
idakwiriye Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi. Binyuze mu byigisho n’inyandiko byashyizwe
hanze na Dogoteri Jackson na Dogoteri Austin, bagize amahairwe yo kurushaho kubona
impamvu zatumye [iyo myambaro] yakirwa. Nyamara ntibigeze berekezwa ku guhindura inama
bari baratanze mbere y’aho ivuga ko itari ikwiriye abagore b’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa
Karindwi. Icyakora biragaragara ko bemejwe mu mitima yabo ko bagomba kugira umwete wo
gushaka umwambaro uzaba ari mwiza mu buryo bwose utangiza ubuzima kandi ukaba utarimo
ibintu bigayitse byo mu “Myambarire ya Kinyamerika”. Umukuru White yagaragaje ibitekerezo
bye muri ubu buryo bukurikira:
“Mu kigo cyitwa Our Home, abantu b’igitsina-gore bambara ikimenyerewe muri rusange
nk’ikanzu ngufi, ikaba ikunze kwambarwa mu buryo bukabije n’abagore batagira isoni kandi
buzuye ugushidikanya bakoreshwa n’imyuka y’abadayimoni. Ibi bintu bigira ingaruka zikomeye
z’urwikekwe mu mahanga ku nyungu z’agaciro katagereranywa k’ibyiza by’iki kigo. Tuzi
amahame atuma habaho ikumirwa ry’imyambarire y’abagore iriho muri iki gihe, kandi dushaka
umuti uzakemura icyo kibazo ku buryo umutegarugori niyambara ab’isi bamubona nk’umugore,
ndetse ibyo bikamurinda gusekwa n’abantu kandi nawe ntibigire icyo bimutwara. Ariko rero
dufite impamvu zikomeye zirwanya ko imyambaririre y’umugore yaba miremire bikabije, ku
buryo bituma yitwa umukubuzi w’umuhanda, kandi twemera cyane ko ibibi biri mu
myambarire ye bishobora gukurwaho mu buryo bwuzuye hatabaye gukoresha uko gukabya uko
twagiye duhamya rimwe na rimwe.

Igice cya 14: Hakenewe Imyambarire Ivuguruwe

14
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

Ukumenyekana kumeze nk’uko ko hakenewe imyambarire ivuguruwe, ishobora kwemerwa

n’abagore b’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi, kuvugwa mu ibaruwa Madamu White
yandikiye inshuti ze mu gihe cy’uruzinduko rwe i Dansivile. Mu buryo bwisanzuye kandi
bworoheje, yaravuze ati:
“Hano bafite imyambaro y’amoko yose. Imyamabaro imwe n’imwe aba ari myiza cyane, iyo
itaza kuba ari migufi cyane. Tuzagira icyitegererezo dukura aha hantu kandi ntekereza ko
dushobora kuzabomo umwambaro urushijeho kuba mwiza utera umuburi kugubwa neza kurenza
iyo twambara ubu ngubu, nyamara kandi ikaba itari iya Bloomer cyangwa imyambarire ya
Kinyamerika… Ngiye gushaka umwambaro wanjye bwite uboneye, uhuje neza mu buryo
bwuzuye n’uwo neretswe. Ubuzima burawusaba. Abagore bacu b’abanyantege nke bagomba
guhindura imyenda iremereye n’ibaboshye cyane niba baha agaciro ubuzima…..
“Ntituzigera twigana umugore wa Dr. Austin cyangwa Madamu Dr. York. Bambara nk’abagabo
neza neza. Nta mudeli n’umwe tuzigana cyangwa ngo dukirikize mu yo twamaze kubona.
Tuzashyiraho uburyo bwo kwambara budasesagura amafaranga kandi butuma abantu bagira
amagara mazima.” —Letter 1a, 1864.
Biragaragara ukurikije iki gihamya ko kugeza icyo gihe, nubwo Madamu White yari
“yareretswe” amahame runaka agomba kuyobora ivugurura mu myambarire, nta buryo
burambuye, kandi buvuga nyirizina ibigomba gukirikizwa bwamuhishuriwe. Nyuma yaho
yagiranye inama na bashiki bacu b’ i Battle Creek, ho muri Michigan, kugira ngo bashakashake
imyambaro izaba ihuje n’imyizerere n’imikorere by’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi.
Birasa n’aho bishoboka ko byari ibyo muri iki gihe, ubwo bihatiraga kubona urugero rwo hagati
ruringaniye; ari bwo iyerekwa ryatanzwe aho yabonye amatsinda atatu y’abagore, buri tsinda
rifite imyambaro itandukanye n’iy’irindi mu burebure. Ku byerekeranye n’ibyo, mu mwaka w’i
1867, yanditse asubiza ikibazo yari yabajijwe agira ati:
“Aba mbere bari bambaye amakanzu agezweho maremare, wabonaga abereye umutwaro
amaguru, akabuza gutambuka, akagenda akubura inzira ndetse agasakuma imyanda yo mu nzira;
kandi ingaruka zabyo nazivuze neza mu buryo bwuzuye. Iri tsinda, ryari ryarabaye imbata
z’imideri igezweho, ryagaragaraga rifite intege nke kandi rigwaguza.
“Imyambaro y’itsinda rya kabiri ryanyuze imbere yanjye yari imeze nk’uko byari bikwiriye mu
buryo bwinshi. Amaguru yari yambitswe neza. Bari babohowe ku mitwaro, iyo umunyagitugu
Mudeli, yari yarikoreje itsinda rya mbere, nyamara bari barakabije kwambara imyenda migufi
kugira ngo bazinure kandi batere urwikekwe abantu beza, ndetse bangiza ku rwego rukomeye
cyane imbaraga yabo ihindura abandi. Uyu ni wo mudeli n’impinduka ziterwa n’ “Imyambarire
ya Kinyamerika”, yigishwa kandi yambarwa na benshi ku kigo cya Our Home kiri i Dansville,
muri New York. Iyo myambaro ntabwo igera ku mavi. Ntabwo nshaka kuvuga ko uyu mudeli
w’imyambaro naweretswe ari mugufi bene kariya kageni.
“Itsinda rya gatatu ryanyuze imbere yanjye rifite mu maso huje ibinezaneza, kandi ubona
babohotse batera intambwe irambuye. Imyambaro yabo yari afite uburebure nk’ubwo nari
naravuze ko ari bwo bukwiriye, yoroheje kandi itangiza ubuzima. Yabaga igaragaza imyanda yo

15
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

mu muhanda neza n’inzira y’abanyamaguru muri sentimetero nkeya mu buryo bwose haba mu
gutera intambwe zizamuka cyangwa zimanuka. ” — The Review and Herald, October 8, 1867.

Igice cya 15: Madamu White Agerageza iyo Myambarire

“Muri Nzeri 1865, Madamu White yambaye bene iyo imyenda, yayambaye igihe runaka, “uretse
mu materaniro, mu mihanda yuzuye abantu yo mu midugudu no mu mijyi, no mu gihe yabaga
agiye gusura bene wabo babaga bari kure.” – Ibid.
Nyuma y’igihe runaka, yatangiye kujya ayambara ahantu hose n’igihe cyose.
Urugero rwe rwahise rukurikizwa n’abagore benshi b’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi bo
mu Majyaruguru ya Michigan, ndetse hagiye haza amabaruwa menshi atagira ingano abaza
ibibazo yabaga aturutsemu bice byinshi bitandukanye. Igihe yabonaga ko bamwe bari bakomeje
kwibanda kuri icyo kibazo, nk’ingingo y’ingenzi cyane, yayobowe ku kwandika ati:
“Ivugurura ry’Imyambarire ryari riri mu bintu byoroheje byari bigiye gutuma habaho ivugurura
rikomeye mu by’ubuzima, kandi ntiryagombaga na rimwe kuba ryarahatiriwe [abantu] nk’ukuri
ko kubagerageza ngo bahabwe agakiza. Byari umugambi w’Imana ko mu gihe gikwiriye, mu
buryo bukwiriye, abantu bakwiriye bagomba kugaragaza inyungu z’iryo vugurura ko ari
umugisha, kandi bagasaba ko habaho gusanisha no guhuza kw’ibikorwa.” – Ibid
Ugushyigikira ivugurura ry’imyambabarire ritera amagara mazima kwa Madamu White, ryaje
nyuma y’imyaka cumi n’itatu madamu Miller, madamu Stanton, na madamu Bloomer, batangije
inkubiri y’ivugurura mu myambarire muri Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika. Hari ahantu hake
cyane muri icyo gihugu hatari harumvikanye amajwi y’incuti zaho. Iyo nkubiri yari
yarashyigikiwe n’abantu bashoboye kandi bubahwaga, ariko kandi habonetse n’ababanenga
n’ababasebya. Ibihumbi byinshi by’abagore bishimiraga umudendezo n’ubuzima bishya byari
bimaze kuboneka. Nyamara kuri ibyo byiza byose byari byaravuzwe [kuri iyo myambarire]
bayishima, Madamu White yagaragaje impamvu zihagije yari yareretswe zituma iba idakwiriye
kwambarwa n’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi, maze yiyemeza gufasha bagenzi be
b’abakristokazi kubona no kwakira umwambaro uhuje n’uwo yeretswe, umwe uzarinda ubwaka
n’ibindi bidashimishije by’imyambarire ivuguruye yari yamamaye, ariko kandi ukaba uha
umuntu umudendezo wo gukora icyo ashaka kandi ukaba utabangamira ubuzima mu buryo
bwose. Bityo rero, ntabwo yari arimo gutangaza kandi ngo anatangize uburyo bw’imyambarire
yari iteye isoni kandi idasanzwe ku buryo yashoboraga kunengwa; nk’uko bamwe mu bantu
bagiye babivuga mu myaka yakurikiyeho mu buryo busa n’aho bwumvikana ku bantu batazi
impamvu zari zaragaragajwe hano.

Igice cya 16: Mu Kigo Gishinzwe Ubuzima

Abaganga bo mu kigo cy’ubuzima, kuva mbere hose, babonye ko hakenewe umwambaro uhuza
n’amahame y’ukuri, bavuga ko “bitigeze biba ibintu byo kwifuzwa gusa, ko ahubwo ari na

16
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

ngombwa mu kuvura indwara zimwe na zimwe, kandi ko ntacyo byari kumara kandi byari kuba
ari ikosa kwakira bene ibyo bibazo by’indwara mu gihe [abarwayi] batemera kwakira ibyo
babaga bahamarijwe ko ari ngombwa kugira ngo bakire.” Babonye kandi ko niba umwambaro
utangiza ubuzima utakiriwe, abantu bo mu cyiciro runaka bakeneye cyane inyungu z’ikigo,
bazajyanwa ahandi hantu mu bindi bigo aho bashobora kubohorwa ku “mutwaro w’imideri
ukomeje kuba gikwira.” —The Health Reformer, March, 1868.
Bwa mbere, hashyizweho amahame rusange y’imyambarire itangiza ubuzima, kandi abantu ku
giti cyabo ni bo bihitaragamo imyambaro bagomba kwambara ibanyuze haba ku burebure ndetse
n’uko igaragara. Nubwo urwo ruvange rwagize imbogamizi, nyamara ryatanze amahirwe yo
kwitegereza no kugereranya umubare utari muto w’imyambaro, bityo bibafasha guhitamo
ibirushijeho kuba byiza, mu kubona imyaro iteye kimwe kandi ihuje mu burebure.
Uko ibi byagiye bikorwa, bivugwa n’Umukuru J.H. Waggoner.
Biturutse ku busabe bwe abaganga bo muri icyo kigo bahamaye amazina ya bamwe mu barwayi
bafatwa nk’abafite imyambaro irusha iyindi kuba myiza haba mu buryo ikoze n’uko igaragara.
Nuko “apima uburebure bwa cumi na babiri, n’ubugari bw’imyambaro yabo uturutse hasi. ” Bari
bafite uburebure butandukanye kuva kuri metero imwe na santimentero eshanu, na metero imwe
na santimentero zirindwi, kandi intera y’imyenda kuva hasi yari santimetero 20.3 kugeza kuri
santimetero 25.4. Hemejwe ko intera iboneye yo gahati no hagati ari santimetero 22.8, kandi
yemezwa ko ari byo bipimo bikwiriye gukurikizwa.” – Ibid.
Uburyo bw’imyambarire bwari bwemewe mu kigo cy’Ivugurura mu by’Ubuzima ni bwo bwaje
kuganza atari mu mu bagore b’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi gusa aho ngaho, ahubwo
bwakoreshwaga n’abo mu yandi madini. Icyakora Madamu White ntiyigeze ahatira abantu
gukurikiza iyo myambarire. Yaranditse ati: “Nta mpamvu yo kugira ubwoba ko ivugurura mu
by’imyambarire nzarigira rimwe mu nsanganyamatsiko zanjye z'ibanze uko tugenda hirya no
hino… Nta muntu n’umwe nzahata cyangwa ngo ngire uwo nciraho iteka. Uyu si wo murimo
nahawe.” —Testimonies for the Church Vol 1 p.523.

Igice cya 17: Imyambarire Yaganiriweho mu Matorero

Uko abagabura basuraga amatorero, babonye imyambarire mishya itangiza ubuzima yari imaze
kwemerwa nk’ikintu cy’ingenzi mu ivugurura ry’iby’ubuzima, maze babiha umwanya mu
bibwiriza byabo. Uko batangaga raporo y’umurimo wabo, inshuro nyinshi bavugaga ukuntu
abantu bakiriye neza uyu mugabane w’ubutumwa bwabo. Bityo, Umukuru D.M. Canright, mu
kugira icyo avuga mu iteraniro ridasanzwe ryabereye i Portland, ho muri Maine, yaranditse ati:
“Ukwiyoroshya ko mu mwambaro mugufi si ikintu cy’agaciro gake ku buryo kidakwiriye
kwitabwaho…. Nyamara imyambarire ivuguruye iri kwambarwa ubu ibyashyizwe ahagaragara
byose byaririnzwe. Nyuma yo kubona yambawe, ntekereza ko ari yo myambaro iboneye cyane
kurenza indi nigeze mbona, kandi si njye njyeine ufite iki gitekerezo.

17
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

“Ibi bintu byose byavugiwe hano mu buryo bwisanzuye. Abantu hafi ya bose bafashe
umwanzuro wo kubyemera barabikunda, icyakora abandi nabo bagira ukubirwanya nabwo ariko
gake cyane… Abenshi muri bashiki bacu bahise biyemeza bashikamye kwemera iyo
[myambarire ivuguruwe]. Umugore wanjye usigaye wambara bene iyo myambaro, yabafashije
nabo gutegura imyenda yabo. Bemeye ivugurura mu by’ubuzima mu buryo bwuzuye.”—The
Review and Herald, June 18, 1867.
.
Mu gihe cy’imyaka igera kuri ine cyangwa irenga, hari ibintu byinshi byanditswe mu bitabo
byacu by’itorero, ku byerekeranye n’ibyiza bigaragara byavaga mu gukoresha buri gihe
imyambarire iboneye. Abenshi bahinduye imyambarire yabo babikunze kandi bishimye kugira
ngo ihuze n’amahame y’ubuzima ndetse ikaba yoroheje, ari na byo byaratumye habaho
“ivugurura ry’imyambarire iboneye.” Ariko rero, ntibyakiriwe neza muri rusange, kuko hari
ababirwanyije kandi bakabinenga. Bamwe kubwo kwiyibagiza ko, “nta muntu wagombaga
guhatirwa kwambara imyambaro ivuguruye”, bashatse kugenzura umutimanama w’abandi
bakoresheje uwabo bwite. Ku bahezanguni, iri vugurura ryasaga n’aho ari ikintu cy’ibanze mu
by’idini ryabo. Ni yo yari nsanganyamatsiko yo kuganiragaho, kikaba ari nacyo cyari kiremereye
imitima yabo….. Aho kugira ngo bishimire imyambaro kubera ibyiza byayo, basaga n’aho birata
ukuntu yari idasanzwe.” Uko ni ko Madamu White yanditse mu 1881 asubiza ikibazo kigira kiti:
“Kubera iki uyu mwambaro washyizwe ku ruhande?” Maze akomeza agira ati:
“Ku bantu bayambara bagononwa babitewe n’uko bumva ari inshingano yabo, yababereye
umutwaro ushengura. Abandi na bo kugeza ubu, bahoze ari abagorozi b’abanyamwete mu buryo
bugaragara, bagaragaje ko babuze gahunda mu buryo bubabaje, kandi nta kubonera bafite mu
myambarire yabo.” —Testimonies for the Church Vol 4 p.636.
Nk’ingaruka “zitewe n’uko icyari cyaratanzwe nk’umugisha cyaje guhinduka umuvumo, byaje
1
gutuma umutwaro wo gushyigikira ivugurura mu myambarire ukurwaho.” Ms 167, 1897 .

1
Amagambo asoza

Interuro: Abantu bamwe bashobora kubaza bati, “Mbese Uwiteka ajya amanura ibipimo bye kugira ngo akunde
ahuze n’ibyo abantu bashaka n’inzira zabo?” Umukuru G.I Butler, igihe yavugaga ku ivugurura mu myambarire,
yasubije iki kibazo mu buryo bukurikira:

“Uwiteka yemera guhuza ibyo asaba n’inzira z’abantu, kabone n’igihe we aba yifuza ko bakora mu bundi buryo
kandi bwiza. Nubwo atabikora buri gihe, cyangwa akabikora bitewe n’ibyo asaba, cyangwa akabikora muri
rusange, nyamara ku ngingo z’ibabazo by’igihe gito n’ibyo kuba umuntu yagera kucyo yifuza aho Imana iba
yarategetse inzira nziza, ijya ibareka bagakurikira amahitamo yabo bwite, nubwo buri gihe bigaragara ko
bibazanira inyungu nkeya kurenza uko bakabaye barakoze bakurikije ubuyobozi bwayo. Turasaba kwemeza ibi mu
buryo bukomeye bwo kubihakana cyane

Dufite ingero nyinshi zavuzwe, nk’:

Icyo Imana yakoreye Abisiraheli kubwo kwifuzaga inyama ubwo bivovoteraga manu (Soma Kubara igice cya 11
), n’igihe yahaga Abisiraheli umwami igihe bari babyifuje, nubwo ibyo bitari umugambi w’Imana wa katanga ka
mbere (Soma igitabo cya 1Samweli igice cya 8.)

18
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

Igice cya 18: “Jya Wambara Imyenda Yoroheje, Itagira Imitako”

Nyamara, yakomeje gusaba ko abagore b’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi “bakoresha

imyambaro yoroheje, itariho imitako kandi ifite uburebure buringaniye”, kandi anatanga icyifuzo
cy’“indi myambarire, idateeje ikibazo cyane.” Iyi yo yari igizwe n’ikanzu n’ijipo bikwiriye,
bitari bigufi cyane, hasi ikaba ari ngufi kugira ngo hirindwe ko ikora mu byondo ngo ibe
yasakuma imyanda yo mu mihanda. Umwambaro wagombaga kuba udafite imitako idafite
akamaro, ukaba utihinahinnye, kandi ukaba ufite undi mwenda hejuru yawo ushobora
gufungirwa inyuma.” —Testimonies for the Church vol 4 p.640.
“Imyambarire nk’iyi ni yo Madamu White ubwe yambaraga mu mibereho ye iheruka, nyamara
yamaganye icyifuzo icyo ari cyo cyose cyo kugerageza guhatira abandi uburyo buhwanye
n’ubwo bw’imyambarire. Mu gihe cy’imyaka yakurikiyeho bashiki bacu bake b’indahemuka
bumvaga ko hagombaga gufatwa ingamba zo gusubizaho “ivugurura mu myambarire”, kandi
bagashishikariza abantu bose kuyikoresha yabagiriye inama akomeje yo kutabikora. Yashakaga
gukosora imyumvire itariyo, agira ati:
“Abantu bamwe bumvaga ko urugero rwatanzwe rw’imyambarire ari rwo rugero rugomba
gukirikizwa. Ibyo si ko bigomba kumera. Ariko ikintu cyoroheje nk’iki ni cyo cyiza dushobora
gukurikiza ku bigendanye n’iyi ngingo. Nta mudeli n’umwe uhamye nahawe nk’itegeko
ridaguka rigomba kuyobora abantu bose mu myambarire yabo.” —Letter 19, 1897.

Muri iki gihe, imyambaro yari yaramamaye yarahindutse, kandi yarushagaho kuba myiza kandi
itangiza ubuzima, kandi nta mpamvu yari ihari yo kujya kure cyane y’umigenzo wari
yarashyizweho mu byerekeranye n’imyambarire. Kubera iyo mpamvu, madamu White yavuze
yeruye arwanya ikibazo cyo “kuyobya intekerezo z’abantu no kubashobora mu mpaka ku
bijyanye n’imyambarire,” maze atanga inama agira ati:
“Reka bashiki bacu bambare neza, nk’uko benshi babigenza, babe bafite imyambaro ikoze mu
gitamboro cyiza, ibasha kuramba, irangwa no kwiyoroshya, ikaba ikwiranye n’iki gihe, kandi
ntimugatume ikibazo cy’imyambarire ari cyo kiganza mu bwenge.” –Ibid.
*******

19
 Abadventiste b’Umunsi wa Karindwi n’Ivugurura mu Myambarire

Uwasemuye iki mu Kinyarwanda:

NSHIMIYIMANA Aimable
E-mail: naimable615@gmail.com
Tel: +250780801273

Abagize uruhare mu gukosora isemurwa r’imyandikire by’iki gitabo:

1. NIZEYIMANA Jean d’Amour
E-mail: damourhope2@gmail.com
Tel: +250788271065 / +250722831234

2. MAAJABU ALLELUIA TITO

E-mail: maajabualleluiatit77@gmail.com
Tel: +250785943779 / +250728915675
Umuhazabikorwa w’isemurwa n’ikosorwa ry’iki gitabo:
MAAJABU ALLELUIA TITO
E-mail: maajabualleluiatit77@gmail.com
Tel: +250785943779 / +250728915675

20