Certified Medication Aide State Study

Guide Updated 2024

What is a chemical name - Correct Answer - describes the chemical

structure of the compound.

What is a generic name - Correct Answer - official nonproprietary name

assigned to a drug by the manufacturer, with the approval of the United
States Adopted Names council.

What is an official name - Correct Answer - name of the drug as it appears

in the official reference

what is a trade name - Correct Answer - licensed name under which a

drug prepared by the specific manufacturer is sold, proprietary or brand
name.

What is a side effect - Correct Answer - desirable or undesirable effects of

a drug apart from the primary purpose for giving the drug.

What is a local effect - Correct Answer - having an effect in the immediate

area of administration

what is a systemic effect - Correct Answer - having an effect throughout

the body

what is idiosyncrasy - Correct Answer - a peculiar, unusual, individual

response to a drug
What is tolerance - Correct Answer - need for increased dose of a drug to
produce the same physical and/or psychological

What is cumulation - Correct Answer - increased effects of a drug that is

not completely metabolized or excreted before another dose is
administered.

what is synergism - Correct Answer - drug interaction in which the effect

of two drugs in combination is greater than the effect of each drug given
separately.

What is antagonism - Correct Answer - drug interaction in which one drug

inhibits or cancels the effect of the other drug.

What are the 4 sources of drugs - Correct Answer - Plants

Animals
Minerals
Synthetic

what is an example of a plant sourced drug - Correct Answer - morphine,

digitalis

what is an example of an animal sourced drug - Correct Answer - insulin,

thyroid

what is an example of a mineral sourced drug - Correct Answer - iron,

calcium, magnesium
what is an example of a synthesized drug - Correct Answer - Lomotil,
Thiazides

what does absorption mean - Correct Answer - drugs entering the

bloodstream from the site of administration

what does distribution mean - Correct Answer - drugs passing into cells
and the spaces between cells

what does biotransformation mean - Correct Answer - drugs being broke

down into substances that can be excreted

what does excretion mean - Correct Answer - drugs leaving the body

what are the 6 routes of administration for medications - Correct Answer -

oral, buccal, rectal or vaginal, sublingual, topical, inhalation

________ is a heavy sugar and water solution with flavoring - Correct

Answer - syrups

_________ is alcohol mixed with volatile oil - Correct Answer - spirits

________ is 10-20% drug solution in alcohol and/or water - Correct

Answer - tincture

_______ is a solution of alcohol, water, sweetener, and aromatics -

Correct Answer - elixir
_______ is oils and fats suspended in water - Correct Answer - emulsion

_______ is a mixture of heavy particles and water - Correct Answer -

magma

______ is a thick mixture of fine particles with water - Correct Answer -

gels

_________ is designed to be rubbed in - Correct Answer - liniment

_______ is designed to be patted on - Correct Answer - lotion

________ is a preparation in a base of lanolin or petrolatum - Correct

Answer - ointment

________ is a sterile preparation for application in the eye - Correct

Answer - ophthalmic

1400 hrs is what time - Correct Answer - 2pm

0800 hrs is what time - Correct Answer - 8 am

1230 hrs is what time - Correct Answer - 12:30pm

1:30pm is what time in military time - Correct Answer - 1330 hrs

9 am is what time in military time - Correct Answer - 0900 hrs

3:45 pm is what time in military time - Correct Answer - 1545 hrs

what does ac mean - Correct Answer - before meals

what does ASA mean - Correct Answer - aspirin

what does ad lib mean - Correct Answer - as desired

what does amp mean - Correct Answer - ampule

what does AM mean - Correct Answer - moring

what does ax mean - Correct Answer - axillary

what does bid mean - Correct Answer - twice a day

what does BP mean - Correct Answer - blood pressure

what does Č mean (c with line above) - Correct Answer - with

what does cap mean - Correct Answer - capsule

what does c/o mean - Correct Answer - complains of

what does C mean - Correct Answer - celcius temp

what does dc mean - Correct Answer - discontinue

that does elix. mean - Correct Answer - elixir

what does et mean - Correct Answer - and

what does F mean - Correct Answer - Fahrenheit temp

what does GI mean - Correct Answer - gastrointestinal

what does GM mean - Correct Answer - gram

what does hr mean - Correct Answer - hour

what does H2O mean - Correct Answer - water

what does H2O2 mean - Correct Answer - hydrogen peroxide

what does I&O mean - Correct Answer - intake and output

what does K+ mean - Correct Answer - potassium

what does L mean - Correct Answer - left

what does mg mean - Correct Answer - milligram

what does ml or cc mean - Correct Answer - milliliter

what does MOM mean - Correct Answer - milk of magnesia

what does noc mean - Correct Answer - night

what does NPO mean - Correct Answer - nothing by mouth

what does NS mean - Correct Answer - normal saline

what does PO mean - Correct Answer - orally

what does O2 mean - Correct Answer - oxygen

what does OD mean - Correct Answer - right eye

what does OS mean - Correct Answer - left eye

what does OU mean - Correct Answer - both eyes

what does oz mean - Correct Answer - ounce

what does pc mean - Correct Answer - after meals

what does per mean - Correct Answer - through

what does po mean - Correct Answer - by mouth

what does PM mean - Correct Answer - afternoon

what does q mean - Correct Answer - every

what does qh mean - Correct Answer - every hour

what does QID mean - Correct Answer - four times daily

what does q2h mean - Correct Answer - every 2 hours

what does q4h mean - Correct Answer - every 4 hours

what does Rx mean - Correct Answer - prescription

what does š mean (s with line over) - Correct Answer - without

what does SOB mean - Correct Answer - shortness of breath

what does šš mean (ss with line over) - Correct Answer - semi or half

what does stat mean - Correct Answer - immediately

what does SL mean - Correct Answer - sublingual or under tongue

what does tab mean - Correct Answer - tablet

what does TID mean - Correct Answer - three times a day

what does tr. mean - Correct Answer - tincture

what does TPR mean - Correct Answer - temperature, pulse, respiration

what does VO mean - Correct Answer - verbal order

what does wt mean - Correct Answer - weight

what does x mean - Correct Answer - times

list the units of measurements under apothecary - Correct Answer -

grains, dram, pint, quart

list the units of measurements under metric - Correct Answer - milligram,

cubic centimeter, gram, liter
list the units of measurements under household - Correct Answer -
tablespoon, teaspoon, drop, pint, cup, quart

which is greater, 1/3 or 1/5 - Correct Answer - 1/3

change 25/4 to a whole number - Correct Answer - 6 1/4

2000 mL = _______ Liters - Correct Answer - 2 liters

60 mg = ____ gr - Correct Answer - .06 grams

1.5 g = ___mg - Correct Answer - 1500mg

what are 3 lines of defense against germs in the body - Correct Answer -
skin, leukocytes, and antibodies

what drug is in the penicillin family - Correct Answer - amoxicillin,

ampicillin

what drug is in the cephalosporin family - Correct Answer - keflex, duricef,

cephalexin

what drug is in the sulfonamide family - Correct Answer - bactrim

what drug is in the antimetabolites family - Correct Answer - fluorouracil

what drug is in the alkylating agents family - Correct Answer - leukeran

what drug is in the tetracycline family - Correct Answer - minocin,
vibramycins

what drug is in the erthromycins family - Correct Answer - EES, erythrocin

what drug is in the antibiotics used in cancer therapy family - Correct

Answer - bleomycin

list 3 symptoms of infection - Correct Answer - redness/warmth, fever,

purulent drainage

what 2 ways do anti-invectives fight infection? - Correct Answer -

bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic

what is an antibiotic - Correct Answer - substance produced by a living

microorganism that kills or stops growth of other organisms (can be
produced in the lab)

what is a microorganism - Correct Answer - organisms so small that are

only visible with a microscope

what is a pathogen - Correct Answer - a microorganism capable of

causing disease

what is benign - Correct Answer - harmless; unable to spread to other

parts of the body
what is malignant - Correct Answer - cancerous; able to spread to other
parts of the body

what does broad spectrum mean - Correct Answer - affecting a wide

variety of pathogens

what does narrow spectrum mean - Correct Answer - affecting only

specific pathogens

what are the 3 layers of the skin - Correct Answer - epidermis, dermis,
subcutaneous

what are 6 symptoms of skin disorders - Correct Answer - puritus,

erythema, scaling, lesions, ulcerations, hives

what is contact dermatitis - Correct Answer - reaction to an irritating

substance that has touched the skin

what is ecchymosis - Correct Answer - discoloration of the skin or bruising

caused by leakage of blood into the subcutaneous tissue

what is erythema - Correct Answer - reddening of the skin caused by

dilation of capillaries

what is inflammation - Correct Answer - protective response of body

tissues to irritation and injury; a process that results in swelling, reddening,
heat, and pain.
what is psoriasis - Correct Answer - chronic skin condition of unknown
cause; characterized by itching, red macules, papules or plaques covered
with silvery scales

what is a ulceration - Correct Answer - open sore

what is a drug in the keratolytic family - Correct Answer - selsun, clearsil,

tegrin

what is a drug in the astringent family - Correct Answer - caladryl, ivy dry,
tucks

what is a drug in the protectant family - Correct Answer - benzoin spray

what is a drug in the antipruritic family - Correct Answer - atarax

what is a drug in the anti-inflammatory family - Correct Answer - bactine,

topicort, cordran

what is a drug in the anti-infective family - Correct Answer - bactroban,

neosporin, silvadene

what is a drug in the antiseptic/disinfectant family - Correct Answer -

betadine, phisohex

what is a drug in the anesthetic (topical) family - Correct Answer -

solarcaine, xylocaine
what is a drug in the parasiticide family - Correct Answer - kwell, eurax,
RID

what is a drug in the enzyme family - Correct Answer - elase, granulex

name the 3 components of the cardiovascular system - Correct Answer -

heart, blood vessels, blood

name the 3 components of blood - Correct Answer - plasma, leukocytes,

erythrocytes

list 6 symptoms of cardiovascular disorders - Correct Answer - dyspnea,

dysrhythmia, angina, hemoptysis, edema, cardiac arrest

what is angina pectoris - Correct Answer - chest pain resulting from lack
of oxygen in the heart tissue

what is arrhythmia - Correct Answer - irregular heart beat

what is an artery - Correct Answer - A blood vessel that carries blood

away from the heart

what is atherosclerosis - Correct Answer - accumulation of cholesterol and

lipids on the wall of the arteries

what is cyanosis - Correct Answer - bluish color of the skin due to lack of
oxygen
what is diastolic pressure - Correct Answer - force of the blood when the
heart is at rest between contractions

what is edema - Correct Answer - abnormal accumulation of fluids in

interstitial tissues

what is an embolism - Correct Answer - the obstruction of a blood vessel

by a foreign substance of a blood clot blocking the vessel

What is a myocardial infarction? - Correct Answer - heart attack

what is myocardium - Correct Answer - heart muscle

what is orthostatic hypotension - Correct Answer - condition of low blood

pressure that occurs when a person rises from a sitting or lying position

what is phlebitis - Correct Answer - inflammation of a vein

what is systolic pressure - Correct Answer - force of blood pushing against

the artery walls the the ventricles contract

what is thrombus - Correct Answer - a blood clot formed in a blood vessel

what is a vein - Correct Answer - vessel that carries blood toward the
heart

what is a drug in the vasoconstrictor family - Correct Answer - levophed

what is a drug in the coronary vasodilator family - Correct Answer - NTG,
cardizem, inderal

what is a drug in the peripheral vasodilator family - Correct Answer -

vasodilan, hydralazine

what is a drug in the antihypertensive family - Correct Answer - lopressor,

altace, norvasc

what is a drug in the anti-arrhythmic family - Correct Answer - digoxicin,

amiodarone, inderal

what is a drug in the cardiac glycoside family - Correct Answer - digoxin,

lanoxin

what is a drug in the antilipemic family - Correct Answer - questran

what is a drug in the anticoagulant family - Correct Answer - coumadin

what is a drug in the hematinic family - Correct Answer - ferrous sulfate

what is a drug in the coagulant family - Correct Answer - vitamin k,

mephyton

name the 6 components of the respiratory system - Correct Answer -

nose/mouth
pharnyx
trachea
larynx/epiglottis
bronchi
alveoli

name 6 symptoms of respiratory disorders - Correct Answer - cough,

sputum, hoarseness, wheezing, dyspnea, tachypnea

what is an allergen - Correct Answer - a substance that triggers an allergic

response

what is alveoli - Correct Answer - air sacs located in the lungs that permit
the exchanges of oxygen and carbon dioxide through capillary walls

what is apnea - Correct Answer - without breathing

what is dyspnea - Correct Answer - difficult or labored breathing

what is hyperpnea - Correct Answer - breathing too rapidly and too deeply

what is orthopnea - Correct Answer - difficulty breathing when lying down

what is a productive cough - Correct Answer - a cough that brings up

mucus

what is saliva - Correct Answer - digestive juice secreted by the salivary

glands located in the mouth
what is sputum - Correct Answer - abnormally thick fluid formed in the
lower respiratory tract that may contain blood, pus, or bacteria

what is tachypnea - Correct Answer - rapid breathing

what is a drug in the narcotic antitussive family - Correct Answer - codeine

what is a drug in the nonnarcotic antitussive family - Correct Answer -

benylin, tessalon

what is a drug in the expectorant family - Correct Answer - robitussin

what is a drug in the decongestant family - Correct Answer - sudafed,

neo-synephrine

what is a drug in the antihistamine family - Correct Answer - phenergan,

benadryl, allegra

what is a drug in the bronchodilator family - Correct Answer - theodur,

isuperl, proventil

what is a drug in the corticosteroid family - Correct Answer - flonase,

nasocort

what is a drug in the anti-tubercular family - Correct Answer - isoniazid,

rifampin
name 2 components of the central nervous system - Correct Answer -
brain and spinal cord

Name the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system - Correct Answer -

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Name 6 systems affected by the Autonomic Nervous system - Correct

Answer - digestive, urinary, endocrine, respiratory, genital, vascular

name 4 sensory organs - Correct Answer - eyes, nose, ears, tongue

name 6 components that make up the eye - Correct Answer - aqueous

humor, lens, optic nerve, retina, conjunctival sac, retina

name 3 components that make up the ear - Correct Answer - Eardrum

Eustachian Tube
Acoustic Nerve

name 6 symptoms of the nervous system disorders - Correct Answer -

tremor, vertigo, stupor, spasticity, paralysis, insomnia

what does acoustic mean - Correct Answer - pertaining to hearing or

sound

what is autonomic - Correct Answer - automatic, involuntary

what is bradykinesia - Correct Answer - slowness of movement

what is conjunctiva - Correct Answer - thin mucous membrane lining the
eye sockets and eyelids

what is convulsion - Correct Answer - periodic, sudden attack of

involuntary muscular contractions and relaxations

what is impulse - Correct Answer - electrochemical message transmitted

by nerve cells

what is a neuron - Correct Answer - primary functional units of the

nervous system

what is olfactory - Correct Answer - pertaining to smell

what is optic - Correct Answer - pertaining to the eye or sight

what is otic - Correct Answer - pertaining to ear

what is temor - Correct Answer - trembling or shaking

what is vertigo - Correct Answer - dizziness

what is a drug in the cholinergic family - Correct Answer - prostigmin,

isopto-carpine
what is a drug in the cholinergic blocker family - Correct Answer - cogent,
artane, symmertrel

what is a drug in the adrenergic family - Correct Answer - adrenalin,

isuprel

what is a drug in the adrenergic blocker family - Correct Answer - timpotic,

inderal

what is a drug in the antidepressant family - Correct Answer - zoloft,

prstiq, celexa

what is a drug in the nonnarcotic analgesic family - Correct Answer -

tylenol, ASA

what is a drug in the tranquilizer family - Correct Answer - valium, librium

what is a drug in the sedative/hypnotic family - Correct Answer - restoril,

ambien, lunesta

what is a drug in the anticonvulsant family - Correct Answer - lamictal,

depakote, neurontin

what is a drug in the anti-parkinsonian family - Correct Answer - sinemet,

mirapex, requip

what is drug in the antiglaucoma agent family - Correct Answer - isopto

carpine, xalatan
is a hypnotic a depressant or stimulant - Correct Answer - Depressant

is a sedative a depressant or stimulant - Correct Answer - depressant

is a antidepressant a depressant or stimulant - Correct Answer - stimulant

is a anticonvulsant a depressant or stimulant - Correct Answer -

depressant

is a analgesic a depressant or stimulant - Correct Answer - depressant

is a narcotic a depressant or stimulant - Correct Answer - depressant

is barbiturates a depressant or stimulant - Correct Answer - depressant

is amphetamines a depressant or stimulant - Correct Answer - stimulant

is xanthines a depressant or stimulant - Correct Answer - stimulant

is tranquilizers a depressant or stimulant - Correct Answer - depressant

is anesthetics a depressant or stimulant - Correct Answer - depressant

is antipsychotics a depressant or stimulant - Correct Answer - depressant

what are the 6 components of the gastrointestinal system - Correct
Answer - mouth, pharnyx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large
intestines

name 5 steps in the digestion process - Correct Answer - breaking food

into smaller pieces
transporting through GI tract
secreting digestive enzymes
absorbing nutrients
excreting solid waste

name 6 symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders - Correct Answer -

dyspepsia, hyperacidity, emesis, burping, belching, constipation

what is anal rectal ridge - Correct Answer - a ring of muscle several

inches inside the anal opening

what is bile - Correct Answer - digestive juice produced by the liver and
stored in the gallbladder

what is defecation - Correct Answer - passage of feces out of the body

what is duodenum - Correct Answer - first portion of the small intestine

what is an enzyme - Correct Answer - substance that assists chemical

changes
what is jaundice - Correct Answer - yellow hue to the skin; usually the
result of liver damage

what is a nasogastric tube - Correct Answer - tube inserted through the

nose and into the stomach

what is peptic - Correct Answer - pertaining to digestion in the stomach

what is peristalsis - Correct Answer - rhythmic contractions of the smooth

muscles lining the GI tract, designed to move food and waste materials
through the system

what is stoma - Correct Answer - surgically produced opening in the

stomach or abdomen

what is a ulcer - Correct Answer - open sore or break in the lining of the
stomach or duodenum

what is villi - Correct Answer - fingerlike projections of the intestinal lining

that provide a large surface area for absorption

what is a drug in the emetic family - Correct Answer - ipecac syrup

what is a drug in the antacid family - Correct Answer - mylanta, tums,

maalox

what is a drug in the antidiarrheal family - Correct Answer - imodium,

lomotil, kaopectate
what is a drug in the antiemetic family - Correct Answer - zofran,
compazine

what is a drug in the antiflatulent family - Correct Answer - gas-x, mylicon

what is a drug in the anti-parasitic family - Correct Answer - vermox, flagyl

what is a drug in the cathartic family - Correct Answer -

metamucil,dulcolax, colace

What are the 3 components of the urinary system - Correct Answer -

kidneys/ureters
bladder
urethra

what are 6 symptoms of urinary system disorders - Correct Answer -

retention, urgency, frequency, dysuria, hematuria, oliguria

what are the 3 functions of the urinary system - Correct Answer -

excretion, maintain pH balance, homeostasis

what is acidosis - Correct Answer - condition in which there is an excess

proportion of acid in the blood

what is alkalosis - Correct Answer - condition in which there is an

excessive proportion of alkali in the blood
what is anuria - Correct Answer - without urine

what is dehydration - Correct Answer - excessive losses of water from the

tissues

what is dysuria - Correct Answer - painful or difficult urination

what is electrolytes - Correct Answer - substances with the ability to carry

an electrical charge

what is hematuria - Correct Answer - blood in the urine

what is nephritis - Correct Answer - inflammation of the kidney

what is oliguria - Correct Answer - scant amount of urine

what is pyelonephritis - Correct Answer - kidney infection

what is pyuria - Correct Answer - pus in the urine

what is a drug in the antispasmodic family - Correct Answer - ditropan,

detrol

what is a drug in the non-thiazide diuretic family - Correct Answer - lasix,

bumex
what is a drug in the potassium sparing diuretic family - Correct Answer -
aldactone

what is a drug in the replacement electrolyte family - Correct Answer - k-

lyte

what is a drug in the thiazide diuretic family - Correct Answer - diuril,

hydrodiuril

what is a drug in the urinary analgesic family - Correct Answer - pyridium

what is a drug in the urinary anti-infective family - Correct Answer -

bactrium, septra, macrodantin

what are the 7 glands that make up the endocrine system - Correct
Answer - pituitary
thyriod
pancreas
adrenals
thymus
ovaries
testicles

what are 3 symptoms of diabetes mellitus - Correct Answer - polyuria,

polydipsia, polyphagia

what are 3 symptoms of hypoglycemia (insulin reaction) - Correct Answer

- irritability
cold and clammy skin
tachycardia

What is antidiuretic hormone? - Correct Answer - regulates reabsorption

of water in the kidney

What is diabetes insipidus? - Correct Answer - lack of or reduction in the

amount of antidiuretic hormone

what is a gland - Correct Answer - specialized epithelial tissue

what is glycosuria - Correct Answer - sugar in the urine

what is hormone - Correct Answer - chemical substance secreted by a

gland that regulates body functions

what is hypoglycemia - Correct Answer - low blood sugar

what is polyuria - Correct Answer - excessive urination

what is a drug in the adrenal corticosteroid family - Correct Answer -

cortef, decradon, deltasone

what is a drug in the estrogen family - Correct Answer - DES, premarin

what is a drug in the potassium family - Correct Answer - k-lyte

what is drug in the oral hypoglycemic family - Correct Answer - micronase,
amaryl, glucotrol

what is drug in the insulin family - Correct Answer - NPH, lantus, regular,
novolog

what is a drug in the thyroid agents - Correct Answer - synthroid, thyroid

name 6 components of the female reproductive system - Correct Answer -

uterus, cervix, ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, labia

name 6 components of the male reproductive system - Correct Answer -

penis, vas deferens, prostate gland, scrotum, testes, epididymis

name 3 disorders of the reproductive system - Correct Answer - cancer

vaginitis
STDs

what is estrogen - Correct Answer - female hormone

what is perineum - Correct Answer - skin-covered muscular area between

the vulva and anus in the female and the scrotum and the anus in the male

what is progesterone - Correct Answer - female hormone

what is testosterone - Correct Answer - male hormone

name 3 functions of the skeletal system - Correct Answer - protection,
support, movement

name 3 components of the skeletal system - Correct Answer - bones,

joints, ligaments

name 3 functions of the muscular system - Correct Answer - heat

production, movement &posture

name 3 types of muscle - Correct Answer - involuntary, voluntary, smooth

name 6 disorders of the musculoskeletal system - Correct Answer -

sprain, strains, osteoporosis, fracture, arthritis, gout

what is atrophy - Correct Answer - wasting away of body tissue

what is bursa - Correct Answer - fluid filled sac that cushions area where
bones and muscles rub together

what is fascia - Correct Answer - fibrous membrane that supports and

covers muscles

what is ligament - Correct Answer - Connective tissue that connects bone

to bone

what is spontaneous fracture - Correct Answer - a fracture that occurs

without cause
what is a tendon - Correct Answer - connective tissue fibers that connect
muscle to bone

what is a drug in the NSAIDs - Correct Answer - motrin, celebrex

what is a drug in the antihyperuricemic family - Correct Answer - zyloprim

what is a drug in the muscle relaxant family - Correct Answer - flexeril,

parafon forte