Fundamentals of Chemistry EF1002

Problem Set 4
Total score: 100 pts
Total pages: 3
Name:
TEAM:
Question 1. Why are the wavelengths of the light emitted by the atom non-continuous, but

discrete?

Electrons exist in atoms only with energies of discrete values.

Question 2. At what wavelength does our sun in our solar system emit the maximum

intensity of light? The surface temperature of the sun is 5,778 K.

T λ max =constant (eq 1b, Wien’s law)

λ max=constant /T

constant = 0.0029 m·K

λ max=0.0029 m·K /T

−7
λ max=0.0029 m·K /5778 K=5.02×1 0 m=502nm

0.0029 mK / 5778K = 5.02 nm.

Question 3. The work function for chromium metal is 4.37 eV. What wavelength of radiation

must be used to eject electrons with a velocity of 1.0 × 103 km s-1?

2
mv
=h ν−W (eq 3 in topic 1B.1)
2

νλ=c (eq 1 in Topic 1A.2)

2
mv
=h c / λ−W
2

2
mv
λ=hc /( +W )
2

−34 8 6 −19
h=6.626 ×1 0 J·s , c=2.998 ×1 0 m/s , v=1 0 m/s ,W =4.37 eV =7.0015266 × 10 J

−34 8
λ=( 6.626 ×1 0 J·s ×2.998 ×1 0 m/s) /¿

−7
λ=1.72 ×1 0 m=172.01 nm

Question 4. The radar gun measures the baseball speed with an error of ±3 km/h. What

would be the uncertainty of the location of a baseball (145g)?

Δp·Δx ≥h /4 π (eq 6 in Topic 1B.3. page 19)

Δp=mΔv

Δx ≥ h/(4 πmΔv )

−3
m=145 ×1 0 kg , v=0.83333 m/ s

−34
h 6.626 ×10 J·s −34
Δx ≥ = −3
=4.3637 ×10 m
4 πmΔv 4 · π· 145 ×1 0 kg × 0.83333 m/s

Question 5. Suppose a proton is confined to a box of width L=2.00 x 10-15 m (a typical

nuclear radius).
a) What are the energies of the ground and the first excited states?

The mass of proton is m= 1.67 x 10-27kg

The ground state:

E1= n2h2/8mL2= (1 x (6.626x10-34 J·s)2/(8x(1.67x10-27 kg)x(2x10-15m)2)= 0.82 x 10-11 J

The first excited state:

E2=22 E1= 4 x 0.82 x 10-11 J= 3.28 x 10-11 J

b) If the proton makes a transition from the first excited state to the ground state, what are

the energy and the frequency of the emitted photon?

The energy of the emitted photon is

E=E2-E1

E= (3.28 x 10-11 J) - (0.82 x 10-11 J) = 2.46 x 10-11 J

We can use ν=E/h to find the frequency,

ν=E/h = (2.46 x 10-11 J) / (6.626x10-34 J·s)= 0.37 x 1023 Hz