1. Write briefly in a notebook.

Direct and Reported Speech

Пряма мова (direct speech) прямо передає мову автора, а непряма мова
(indirect speech) показує, що хтось переказує висловлювання автора.

Direct Speech Reported Speech

Present Simple Past Simple
‘I am fine’, the boy said. The boy said (that) he was fine.
Present Continuous Past Continuous
‘He is sleeping’, she said to me. She told me (that) he was sleeping.
Present Perfect Past Perfect
‘I just have washed my car’, he said. He said (that) he had washed his car.
Past Simple Past Simple / Past Perfect
‘I played chess’, Susan said. Susan said (that) she played chess.
Susan said (that) she had played chess.
Past Continuous Past Continuous / Past Perfect
‘We were working all night long’, Continuous
she said. She said (that) they were working all
night long.
She said (that) they had been working
all night long.
Future Simple Conditional (would)
‘She will go to the park tomorrow’, My brother said (that) she would go to
my brother said. the park the next day.

Bob said, ‘This film is very funny’. Bob said (that) the film was very funny.

Direct and Reported Speech. Interrogative Sentences (Questions)

У непрямих запитаннях, на відміну від прямих, прямий порядок слів

(спочатку підмет, а потім присудок).
Загальні питання (Yes / No Questions) – це запитання, на яке потрібно дати
відповідь «так» або «ні» – ‘yes’ or ‘no’.
Якщо непрямою мовою передається загальне запитання, то запитання
утворюється за допомогою if або whether. Дієслова do і does при утворенні
непрямих запитань не вживаються.
He asked me, ‘Do you speak English?’ – He asked if I spoke English.
 Спеціальні питання (Wh-Questions) – це запитання, у яких вживаються
питальні слова: who (хто), when (коли), where (де), why (чому), which (котрий) та
інші.
У цьому випадку непрямі запитання утворюються за допомогою
відповідних питальних слів.
He asked me, ‘Where do you work?’ – He asked me where I worked.

Перетворюючи пряму мову на напряму, треба пам’ятати про заміну деяких

слів на інші:

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

today that day
yesterday the day before
now then
tomorrow the next day
this that
these those
here there
last weekend the weekend before
next weekend the following weekend
ago before
Reported Speech: Modal Verbs
При переході з прямої мови у непряму модальні дієслова must, can, may,
needn’t, will / shall змінюються:

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

must had to / must
Susan: ‘I must do my homework’ Susan said that she had to / must do her
homework.
can could / would be able to
John: ‘I can run fast’ John said that he could / would be able
to run fast.
may might / could
Bob: ‘My brother may be at the his Bob said that his brother might be at
room’ his room.
needn’t didn’t need to / didn’t have to /
Nicole: ‘You needn’t read this book wouldn’t have to
for tomorrow’ Nicole said that I didn’t need to /
didn’t have to read this book for the
next day.
will / shall would
Michelle: ‘Mr. Smithson shall fly Michelle said that Mr. Smithson would
to New York next month’ fly to New York next month.

Модальні дієслова should, would, might, could залишаються без змін:

The teacher said: ‘You should study hard’

The teacher said that I should study hard.

2. Do exercises and write in a notebook.

Exercise 1Write sentences in reported speech with ‘say’ or ‘tell’

1. Bob: ‘I do my homework every day’
2. Kelly: ‘I cleaned my room yesterday’
3. Susan to me: ‘I am typing a document now’
4. John to her: ‘My sister went to the cinema last Saturday’
5. Peter to him: ‘I shall help you with Math tomorrow’

Exercise 2Write questions in reported speech

1. Peter to me: ‘Do you like green tea?’
2. John to his sister: ‘Did you go to the theatre yesterday?’
3. Michelle: ‘Where is the police station?’
4. Kathy to me: ‘What are you drawing?’
5. Bob: ‘Is he doing his homework now?’

Exercise 3 Write sentences in reported speech

1. The teacher: ‘Open the books!’
2. My sister: ‘Don’t close the window’
3. Pam: ‘Give me the phone’
Exercise 4Write sentences in reported speech
1. Samantha to her sister: ‘I can help you with your homework’
2. Kelly: ‘You should clean your room’
3. Susan: ‘May I open the window?’

Exercise 5 Write sentences in reported speech

1. Peter: ‘I like coffee’
2. Sam: ‘I washed my clothes yesterday’
3. Susan to me: ‘I am making a pie now’
4. Kelly: ‘Where is the factory?’
5. Bob: ‘I bought some milk last Monday’