Pre-colonial History of Vietnam

➢Chinese ruled over Vietnam for over a

thousand years
➢Kingdom of Nam Viet as autonomous
kingdom
➢Chinese influenced the bureaucracy of
the Kingdom of Dai Viet
➢Le Loi- founder of the Le dynasty
- led in out steading China’s Ming in
Vietnam
Two Principal, And Conflict-
provoking, Tendencies
❑Development of a Confucian
state and high culture modeled on
China
o Borrowed Organization
o Confucian ethics
o Mandarin bureaucracy

❑Southward expansion
o “march to the south”
Pre-colonial History of Vietnam

❑Gia Long→ first of Vietnam’s Nguyen

▪ Tay Son Rebellion→ ‘revolution from
emperors
below’’
❑Minh Mang
- emerged during a period in which
- Christianity as a threat to Confucianism
Vietnam had been partitioned into two parts
❑ Tu
along theduc- Policy
Gianh towards
River, the family
the Trinh west:
closingthe
controlling off North,
the country
and theto foreign
Nguyen family
influences
governing both religious and
the South
commercial
- due to heavy taxes and endemic
corruption at the local level
 The Formation of Indochina
➢Siege of Tourane
➢led to the signing of Treaty on the official conquest of the 3 provinces
adjacent to Saigon in 1862
➢In August 1863, Cambodian King signed the treaty of protection
agreement with France
➢French established the Indochina Union in 1887 with Saigon as its
capital
➢Luang Prabang became a protectorate of France in 1893.
➢Entire modern day Laos became part of French Indochina Union in
1898
The French Federal State of Indochina
• Indochina as economic profitable enterprise
• Government from top down
• Headed by Governor General
• French officials in local administrative level
• Creation of bank of Indochina
• Introduction of French legal codes
• French legal judges
 Democratic
Republic of
Vietnamese Vietnam (DRV) in
Nationalist Hanoi on
Party (Vietnam September
Quoc Dan 2, 1945
Dang Japanese
occupation in -French controlled
VNQDD) 1927 South
Indochina

Communist Founded Viet Minh Geneva Accord →

Party of (League for 17th Parralel
Vietnam 1930 Vietnamese
Nguyen Tat Independence)
Thanh/
Ho Chi Minh
 Communist system was Vietnam’s economy benefited from
implemented in South a rapprochement with its regional
Vietnam neighbours

Vietnam invaded doi moi, or Washington lifted Entered ASEAN in

Cambodia in 1978 ‘‘renovation’’ its 30-year trade 1995
policy of 1986 embargo
GDP doubled
between 1995
and 2005

Asian economic In 2017, Việt Nam was the world’s largest

crisis of 1997 exporter of cashew nuts and black pepper, the
second-leading country exporting coffee, and
third in exporting rice and fish.