RELATIVE CLAUSE

A relative pronoun stands for the preceding noun or pronoun (antecedent:tiền từ/tố) and introduces an adjective
clause.
(Những từ đứng đầu các mệnh đề tính ngữ(who,whom,which,…) được gọi là các đại từ liên hệ vì chúng được
thay cho danh từ đứng trước và chỉ về một đối tượng với danh từ).
I/General rules:

Antecedent Persons Things and PLACE TIME REASON

Function animals

Subject WHO WHICH

THAT
Object WHOM WHICH
Possessive WHOSE+N WHOSE+N,
OF WHICH
Adverb WHERE WHEN WHY
A/ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ
1.WHO :được dùng thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người và làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ cho động từ trong mệnh đề
quan hệ (…N+Who+V)
Eg:We met the man.He is a professor We met the man who is a professor
2.WHOM: được dùng thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người và làm tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
(…N+Whom+S+V)
Eg:She talked to the boy.We met him in the zoo
 She talked to the boy whom we met in the zoo
3.WHOSE :được dùng để chỉ sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ người hoăc danh từ chỉ vật đứng trước(thay cho
his,her,its,their,Tom’s…)
Eg:The teacher was angry.The students didn’t pay attention to his lesson.
 The teacher whose lesson the students didn’t pay attention to was angry.
4.WHICH :được dùng thay thế cho danh từ chỉ đồ vật ,con vật ,sự vật,làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ.
Eg:He shouted at the dog.It barked loudly He shouted at the dog which barked loudly.
The dog barked loudly. He called it  The dog which he called barked loudly
Note: Which thay cho toàn mệnh đề:
Ex: He passed the exam, which surprised everybody.
The weather was not good, which we didn’t expect .
 Chú ý dấu phẩy ngăn cách MĐQH
5.OF WHICH :dùng để chỉ sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ vật đứng trước,không dùng cho người.
Eg:We should throw away the table .The leg of the table was broken.
We should throw away the table the leg of which /of which the leg/whose leg was broken
6.THAT: có thể dùng để thay thế cho who,whom,which,nếu danh từ đi trước nó là nguời hoặc vật .Đặc biệt
trong các trường hợp sau đây , that thường được dùng nhiều hơn:
1. Dùng sau các tiền tố hỗn hợp cả người lẫn vật
2. Dùng sau dạng so sánh nhất
3. Khi đi sau: all, same, any,the first, the last và sau
It + be + … + that … (chớnh là …)
It is/was not until + time/clause + that……(mói tới khi…. thỡ…)
4. Khi đi sau các đại từ bất định: no one, nobody, nothing, something, somebody, someone,
anybody,only,little,none,few,much…
Eg:The girl won the championship.She was really talented.
The girl that(=who) was really talented won the championship.
B/TRẠNG TỪ QUAN HỆ
1.WHY: đứng sau tiền từ “the reason” được dùng thay thế cho cụm từ “for the reason”.
Why = for + which
Eg: Does he know the reason?He left for that reason.
Does he know the reason for which/why he left
2.WHEN:mở đầu cho mệnh để chỉ thời gian hoặc “then”.
When = on/in/at + which
Page 1
Eg: National day is the day.Our nation was completely liberated on that day.
National day is the day on which/when our nation was completely liberated
3.WHERE : mở đầu cho mệnh để quan hệ chỉ địa điểm,nơi chốn hoặc “there”.
Where = on/in/at + which
Eg:This is the town.I was born in the town.
 This is the town in which/where I was born
Eg:Do you know the village?He lived there
 Do you know the village where he lived?
NOTE:Trường hợp dưới đây phải dùng “which”
This is the town.I like it bestThis is the town which I like best
II/CÁC LOẠI MỆNH ĐÊ
Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định hay là mệnh đề có giới hạn(Defining Relative clause):là mệnh đề xác định cho
người nghe biết người hay vật nào người nói đang đề cập đến.Nếu bỏ mệnh đề quan hệ xác định,người nghe
không thể biết người nói đang nói đến người /vật nào.
-Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định có thể bỏ các đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ.
Eg: The man is my teacher.He’s standing overthere.
The man who(that) is standing overthere is my teacher
Eg:The book is very interesting.I bought it yesterday.
The book (that/which) I bought yesterday is very interesting
Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định hay là mệnh đề không có giới hạn(Non- Defining Relative clause): là mệnh
đề cho người nghe biết thông tin bổ sung về người hoặc vật đang được nói đến. Trong mệnh đề quan hệ
không xác định luôn phải có các đại từ quan hệ.
Eg:Mr Robin still works very hard.He is 64 years old.
Mr Robin,who is 64 years old, still works very hard
Không dùng THAT trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định. Luôn phải có dấu phẩy(,) để ngăn cách giữa
mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định và mệnh đề chính.Nếu bỏ mệnh đề đi thì câu vẫn đủ ý.
Những tiền từ để xác định Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định:
- Danh từ riêng
- Danh từ chỉ những vật duy nhất,có một trên đời.
- Danh từ được bổ nghĩa bằng các đại từ bất định: THIS/THAT/THESE/THOSE
- Danh từ được bổ nghĩa bằng các tính từ sở hữu: MY/YOUR/HIS… TOM’S HOUSE
- Danh từ được bổ nghĩa bằng một nhóm từ(kèm theo một giới từ):The man from Hue.
Eg: That man looks very lonely. He lives in the next flat.
That man, who lives in the next flat , looks very lonely.
Eg: The book “Harry Porter” is really good. I was reading it.
The book “Harry Porter”, which I was reading , is really good.
III/ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ VỚI GIỚI TỪ
Trường hợp mệnh đề quan hệ ,khi đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ cho giới từ thì thường được đặt ở 2 vị trí:trước
đại từ quan hệ WHOM và WHICH hoặc sau động từ.
Trong lối văn phong trang trọng,giới từ thường được đứng trước đại từ quan hệ WHOM và WHICH.
Eg: The man is my form teacher. My mother is talking to him.
The man to whom my mother is talking is my form teacher.
Trong lối nói thân mật, giới từ thường đứng sau động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.
-The man is my form teacher. My mother is talking to him.
-The man whom my mother is talking to is my form teacher.
NOTE:
Với cụm động từ (phrasal verb) thì giới từ không được dùng trước WHOM và WHICH.
Eg:This is the man.I came across him yesterday.
This is the man ,whom I came across yesterday(ĐÚNG)
This is the man across whom I came across yesterday(SAI)
Giới từ WITHOUT không được dùng ở vị trí sau động từ.
Eg: The woman without whom I can’t live is Jane.
 Các cụm từ chỉ số lượng đi với of: both of/none of/one of/two of/neither of/most of/all of/many of phải đem cả
cụm ra trước WHOM và WHICH.
Eg: Mary has three brother, all of whom are married.
Page 2
IV. MỆNH ĐỀ RÚT GỌN - REDUCE RELATIVE CLAUSES
1. Active: Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ là mệnh đề chủ động thì rút thành cụm hiện tại phân từ (V-ing).
Ví dụ: - The man who stands at the door is my uncle. => The man who is / was standing at the door is my uncle.
- The man who stood at the door is my uncle.=> The man standing at the door is my uncle.
2. Passive: Ta có thể dùng past participle (V2ed) để thay thế cho mệnh đề đề quan hệ khi nó mang nghĩa bị
động
Ví dụ: - The woman who is / was given a flower looks / looked very happy => The woman given a flower looks /
looked very happy.
3. Rút thành cụm động từ nguyên mẫu - Infinitive relative clause (active / passive)
Mệnh đề quan hệ được rút thành cụm động từ nguyên mẫu (To-infinitive) khi trước đại từ quan hệ có các cụm từ:
the first, the second, the last, the only hoặchình thức so sánh bậc nhất. Ví dụ
a. Active: - The first student who comes to class has to clean the board.
The first student to come to class has to clean the board.
b. Passive: - The only room which was painted yesterday was Mary’s.
The only room to be painted yesterday was Mary’s.
Notes: Chúng ta không sử dụng active hay passive to-infinitive sau an
-Dùng khi danh từ đứng trước có các từ sau đây: The ONLY, LAST, FIRST, NEXT, SECOND...
Ex: + This is the only student who can solve the problem. (động từ mang nghĩa chủ động)
=> This is the only student to solve the problem.
+ She is the youngest player who won the game.
=> She is the youngest player to win the game.
- ĐTQH là tân ngữ trong mệnh đề, khi muốn diễn đạt mục đích, sự cho phép.
Ex: + The children need a big yard which they can play in.
=> The children need a big yard to play in.
-Câu bắt đầu bằng: HERE (BE), THERE (BE)
Ex: + Here is the form that you must fill in.
=> Here is the form for you to fill in.
+ There are six letters which have to be written today. (động từ mang nghĩa bị động)
There are six letters to be written today.
GHI NHỚ: Trong phần to-inf này cần nhớ 2 điều sau:
- Nếu chủ ngữ của 2 mệnh đề khác nhau thì dùng for sb +to V.
Ex: + We have some picture books that children can read.
=> We have some picture books for children to read.
Tuy nhiên nếu chủ ngữ đó là đại từ có nghĩa chung chung như: we, you, everyone.... thì có thể không cần ghi ra.
Ex: + Studying abroad is the wonderful thing that we must think about.
=> Studying abroad is the wonderful thing (for us) to think about.
- Nếu trước relative pronouns có giới từ thì phải đưa giới từ xuống cuối câu.
Ex: + We have a peg on which we can hang our coat.
=> We have a peg to hang our coat on.
LƯỢC BỎ ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ
Khi nào có thể lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ WHO ,WHICH ,WHOM…
- Khi nó làm tân ngữ, phía trước nó không có dấu phẩy ,không có giới từ (whose không được bỏ)
Ví dụ:
+Here is the laptop which I bought.= Here is the laptop I bought
+This is my book , which I bought 2 years ago.
Trước chữ which có dấu phẩy nên không thể bỏ được .
+This is the house in which I live .
Trước which có giới từ in nên cũng không bỏ which đựơc . +This is the man who lives near my house. Who là
chủ từ ( của động từ lives ) nên không thể bỏ nó được .
GHI NHỚ :
Trong phần to inf này các bạn cần nhớ 2 điều sau:
- Nếu chủ ngữ 2 mệnh đề khác nhau thì thêm cụm for sb trước to inf.
We have some picture books that children can read.
We have some picture books for children to read.
Tuy nhiên nếu chủ ngữ đó là đại từ có nghĩa chung chung như we,you,everyone…. thì có thể không cần ghi ra.
Studying abroad is the wonderful thing that we must think about.
Studying abroad is the wonderful (for us ) to think about.

Page 3
Choose the best answer.

1. Sunday is the day.......... I go to Water park with my kids.

A. when B. where C. why D. which
2. That was the reason.......... he didn't marry her.
A. when B. where C. why D. which
3. An architect is someone.......... deigns buildings.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
4. The boy to.......... I lent my money is poor.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
5. The land and the people.......... I have met are nice.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
6. I can answer the question.......... you say is very difficult.
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
7. This is the place.......... the battle took place ten years ago.
A. which B. in where C. where D. from where
8. Sunday is the day.......... which we usually go fishing.
A. during B. at C. in D. on
9. This is the last time.......... I speak to you.
A. of which B. whose C. that D. which
10. He talked about the books and the authors.......... interested him.
A. who B. that C. which D. whom
11. Bondi is the beautiful beach.......... I used to sunbathe.
A. when B. where C. which D. why
12. Dec 26th, 05 was the day.......... the terrible tsunami happened.
A. when B. where C. which D. why
13. The woman.......... lives next my door is doctor.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
14. The boy.......... Mary likes is my son.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose

15. The boy.......... eyes are brown is my son.

A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
16. The table.......... legs are broken should be repaired.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
17. The town.......... we are living is noisy and crowded
A. where B. in where C. which D. at which
18. The year.......... we came to live here was 1997
A. when B. which C. that D. in the time
19. The worker.......... house is next to mine died this morning.
A. whose B. whom C. which D. whose
20. The lady.......... son went on a picnic with us last weekend is a teacher at our school.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
21. Take.......... measures you consider best.
A. whatever B. however C. whenever D. wherever
22........... difficulties you may encounter, I'm sure you'll succeed.
A. how B. whatever C. however D. how great
23. He is the only friend.......... I like.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
24. I didn't get the job.......... which I applied.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
25. The man.......... whom she is married has been married twice before.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
26. I wasn't interested in the things.......... which they were talking.

Page 4
 A. in B. on C. at D. about
27. The bed.......... which I slept was too soft.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
28. The party.......... which we went wasn't very enjoyable.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
29. The flight.......... which we wanted to travel was fully booked.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
30. She is the most beautiful girl.......... ever lived.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. that
31. The decision was postponed,.......... was exactly what he wanted.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
32. All the people.......... have gone into the room are still young.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. that
33. Jack has three brothers, all of.......... are married.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
34. They gave us a lot of information, most of.......... was useless.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
35. There were a lot of people at the party, only a few of.......... I had met before.
A. who B. whom C. them D. that
36.. I have sent him two letters, neither of.......... has arrived.
A. who B. them C. which D. that
37. John won $,600, half of.......... he gave to his parents.
A. whom B. which C. that D. it
38. Ten people applied for the job, none of.......... were suitable.
A. who B. whom C. them D. that
39. Jill isn't on the phone,.......... makes it difficult to contact her.
A. which B. that C. who D. it
40. Bob is the kind of person to.......... one can talk about anything.
A. who B. whom C. that D. him

41. He is a person.......... friends trust him.

A. who B. whose C. his D. that
42. Your career should focus on a field in................ you are genuinely interested.
A. which B. what C. that D. why
43. People.......... outlook on life is optimistic are usually happy people.
A. whose B. whom C. that D. which
44. Anna’s marriage has been arranged by her family. She is marrying a man…………….
A. that she hardly knows him B. whom she hardly knows him
C. she hardly knows D. she hardly knows him
45. They said they didn't have any money,.......... was a pity.
A. which B. that C. this D. it
46. I haven't got a passport........... means I can't leave my country.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
47. The part of town where I live is very noisy at night,.......... makes it difficult to sleep.
A. which B. where C. that D. this
48. That is the place.......... the accident occurred.
A. where B. which C. on which D. that
49. The boys ……………. tennis over there are my new neighbor.
A. who plays B. playing C. that playing D. are playing
50. He read the Old Man and The Sea, a novel …………. by Ernest Hemingway.
A. writing B. which written C. written D. that wrote
51. No one present noticed anything strange.
A. The people who were there didn’t notice anything strange.
B. The people who were there didn’t notice anything usual.
C. The people were there didn’t notice anything strange.
D. The people who were there didn’t notice something strange.

Page 5
52. Jane refused to attend his birthday party, which made him feel sad.
A. Jane’s refusal to attend his birthday party made him feel sad.
B. He felt sad not to be able to attend his birthday party.
C. Jane made him sad despite her refusal to attend his birthday party.
D. Jane refused to attend his birthday party because it made him feel sad.
53. The plants may develop differently. They grow on that island.
A. The plants which grows on that island may develop differently.
B. The plants which grow on that island may develop differently.
C. The plants grow on that island may develop differently.
D. The plants which grow that island may develop differently.
54. John Smith is a farmer. I bought his land.
A. John Smith, whose land I bought, is a farmer.
B. John Smith, who is a farmer, whose land I bought.
C. John Smith, whom I bought his land, is a farmer.
D. John Smith, a farmer, bought his land.
55. The first man who was interviewed was entirely unsuitable.
A. The first man interviewing was entirely unsuitable.
B. The first man to interview was entirely unsuitable.
C. The first man was interviewed was entirely unsuitable.
D. The first man to be interviewed was entirely unsuitable.
56. Astronomy is the study of planets and stars. It is one of the world’s oldest sciences
A. Astronomy which is the study of planets and stars is one of the world’s oldest sciences
B. Astronomy, who is the study of planets and stars, is one of the world’s oldest sciences
C. Astronomy is the study of planets and stars which are one of the world’s oldest sciences
D. Astronomy, the study of planets and stars, is one of the world’s oldest sciences
57. Our solar system is in a galaxy. It is called the Milky Way.
A. Our solar system is in a galaxy where is called the Milky Way.
B. Our solar system is in a galaxy called the Milky Way.
C. Our solar system is in a galaxy, that is called the Milky Way.
D. Our solar system is in a galaxy calling the Milky Way.
58. I saw men, women, cats and dogs. They moved round and round.
A. I saw men, women, cats and dogs that moved round and round.
B. I saw men, women, cats and dogs which moved round and round.
C. I saw men, women, cats and dogs moved round and round.
D. I saw men, women, cats and dogs when moved round and round.
59. One evening, he and the writer went to a restaurant. They had a wonderful meal in it.
A. One evening, he and the writer went to a restaurant which they had a wonderful meal.
B. One evening, he and the writer went to a restaurant where they had a wonderful meal in.
C. One evening, he and the writer went to a restaurant where they had a wonderful meal.
D. One evening, he and the writer went to a restaurant they had a wonderful meal.
60. A number of suggestions were made at the meeting, but most of them were not very practical.
A. A number of suggestions were made at the meeting, most of them were not very practical
B. A number of suggestions were made at the meeting, most of which were not very practical
C. A number of suggestions were made at the meeting, but most of which were not very practical
D. Most of the suggestions which were made at the meeting were not very practical.
61. ________ in 1937, the Golden Gate Bridge spans the channel at the entrance to San Francisco Bay.
A. Completed B. Having completed C. Completing D. To be completed
62. After seeing the movie Centennial, __________.
A. the book made many people want to read it B. many people want to read the book
C. the reading of the book interested many people D. the book was read by many people

Page 6
63. _____ of the shop, my friend came in.
A. Coming out B. On coming out C. When coming out D. As I came out
64. _________ two hours over lunch, they left the restaurant,.
A. Spending B. Having spent C. After spend D. Spent
65. I notice the lorry _________ down the hill.
A. having come B. coming C. to come D. came
66. _____________, I decided to stop trading with them.
A. Despite of the fact that they were the biggest dealer
B. Though being the biggest dealer
C. Being the biggest dealer
D. Even though they were the biggest dealers
67. She told a very funny story, ____________everyone to burst into a laugh.
A. allowing B. making C. taking D. causing
68. I wasn't properly dressed for the party and felt ____________about my appearance.
A. embarrass B. embarrassment C. embarrassing D. embarrassed
69. Young people _____________to succeed in life should work hard.
A. who wanting B. want C. wanting D. wanted
70. _______________is known to be good for digestion.
A. Eating yoghurt B. Having eaten yoghurt C. Yoghurt eaten D. Yoghurts
71. ________ over the exam results,she rushed home to tell her family the good news.
A. Excited B. Excitement C. To excite D. Exciting

72. Are there any household chores for________ men are better _______ than women ?
A. that/suit B. whose/suited C. which/suited D. which/suit
73. Can you please tell me some information _______ to the job ?
A. relating B. that relate C. that are relating D. that related
74. The truck _______ crashed into the back of a bus scattering glass everywhere.
A. it was loading with empty bottles B. loaded with empty bottles
C. which loading with empty bottles D. loading with empty bottles
75. None of the people __________to the party can come.
A. invite B. invited C. inviting D. to invite
76. ____________ the noise and pollution in the city, the Browns move to the countryside.
A. Be tired of B. Being tired of C. Tired of D. Were tired of
77. the author / released /earned / last year / the book / a lot of money.
A. Released last year, the book earned the author a lot of money.
B. Released last year, the author earned the book a lot of money.
C. The author released the book last year a lot of money earned.
D. The released book last year earned the author a lot of money.
78. Do you know any restaurant……………. ?
A. have a really good meal B. where we can have a really good meal
C. has a really good meal D. that we can have a really good meal
79. The secretaries were the only people……………………..
A. to get a pay rise B. getting a pay rise
C. who to get a pay rise D. to whom get a pay rise.
80. The reason………….. was that her mother fell seriously ill.
A. where she didn’t come B. when she didn’t come
C. she didn’t come D. for which she didn’t come

ERROR IDENTIFICATION
1. There are about 500 species of poisonous snakes, 200 of them are harmful to man.
A B C D
2. The electric cooker who is wrapped in the box is made of steel.
A B C D
3. The legal age which a person is considered to be an adult is customarily 18.
A B C D
4. The gardener used the scissors which he had bought them from a village shop to cut the flowers.
A B C D

Page 7
5. The area with the greatest number of thunderstorms each year is the interior of the Florida
A B C
peninsula, which the Atlantic and Gulf airstreams meet.
D
6. Aloha is a Hawaiian word meaning ‘love’, that can be used to say hello or goodbye.
A B C D
7. People whose exercise frequently have greater physical endurance than those who doesn't.
A B C D
8. I have always wanted to visit Paris, that is the capital of France.
A B C D
9. Shakespeare, who works are famous all over the world, was an English writer.
A B C D
10. The water temperature in a spring depends on that of the soil through where the water flows.
A B C D
RELATIVE CLAUSEs
I. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1. Frank invited Janet, _______, to the party.
A. met in Japan B. meeting in Japan C. whom he had met in Japan D. that he had met in Japan
2. The singer, _______ most recent recording has had much success, is signing autographs.
A. whose B. that C. who D. whom
3. He likes shopping between 1.00 and 3.00 pm, _______ most people are at home.
A. when B. where C. in which D. at that
4. The fishermen and their boats ____ were off the coast three days ago have just been reported to be missing.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
5. The banker to _______ I gave my check was quite friendly.
A. who B. that C. whom D. which
6. Birds make nests in trees _______ they can hide their young in the leaves and branches.
A. which B. where C. that D. in that
7. He lent me _______ yesterday.
A. the book I need B. the book when I need C. which book I need D. the book whose I need
8. _______ cheat on the exam have to leave the room.
A. Those B. Who C. Those whom D. Those who
9. _______ really a fish, has no brain, no bones, and no face.
A. A jelly fish is not B. A jelly fish, it is not C. A jelly fish, which is not D. A jellyfish, that is not
10. There was no one _______.
A. I could ask for help B. when I could ask for help
C. I could ask whom for help D. for that I could ask for help
11. They have just visited the town _______ location was little known.
A. where B. whose C. which D. that
12. _______ one of the most creative artists in rock 'n roll, came from California.
A. Frank Zappa, who was B. Frank Zappa was C. Frank Zappa, that was D. Frank Zappa whom was
13. He came to the party wearing only a pair of shorts and a T-shirt, _______ was a stupid thing to do.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
14. He lives in a small town _______.
A. where is called Taunton B. which is called Taunton C. is called Taunton D. that called Taunton
15. Wild fires are common in the forest areas of Australia, of the US and Canada, ___ the climate is moist.
A. in where B. in that C. where D. which
16. He took me to an expensive restaurant where we enjoyed a good meal.
A. enjoyed a good meal B. to enjoy a good meal
C. and enjoying a good meal D. we enjoyed a good meal in which
17. The young man who lives next door is very kind to my family.
A. to live next door B. he lives next door C. living next door D. lived next door
18. We have a lot of important documents on energy to read.
A. that we have to read B. for reading C. we read D. which we read
19. The nuclear power plant that was completed last year will come to operate tomorrow
A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. which completed
20. I pulled off the sheets which covered the furniture.
A. to cover B. covered C. that covering D. covering
II. Choose the underlined part that has a mistake.
21. The call of the wild is (A) one of (B) many stories (C) about the gold rush in Alaska (D) writing by Jack London.
22. The singer (A) which performed (B) live on VTV3 yesterday has (C) always been the singer I admire (D) most.
23. We should (A) participate in the (B) movements organizing (C) to conserve the (D)natural environment.
24. The factory (A) which my father (B) is working (C) produces (D) rubber tyres
25. (A) Are (B) national park (C) good places (D) housing wild animals?
III. Choose the sentence that has the closest meaning to the given one.
26. There was a hurricane in August 1992 over West Africa. This hurricane was named Andrew.
A. There was a hurricane who was named Andrew in August 1992 over West Africa.

Page 8
 B. There was a hurricane what was named Andrew in August 1992 over West Africa.
C. There was a hurricane which was named Andrew in August 1992 over West Africa.
D. There was a hurricane whom was named Andrew in August 1992 over West Africa.
27. There are a lot of people. The people like to do things together.
A. There are a lot of people whom like to do things together.
B. There are a lot of people who like to do things together.
C. There are a lot of people who like do things together.
D. There are a lot of people like to do things together.
28. Sue lives in a house. The house is opposite my house.
A. Sue lives in a house where is opposite my house.
B. Sue lives in a house which is opposite my house.
C. Sue lives in a house who is opposite my house.
D. Sue lives in a house and which is opposite my house.
29. The Green World is a conference on environment. It is organized every two years.
A. The Green World, which is a conference on environment, is organized every two years.
B. The Green World, is organized every two years, is a conference on environment.
C. The Green World a conference on environment which is organized every two years.
D. The Green World which a conference on environment is organized every two years.
30. The people who were at the meeting didn't notice anything unusual.
A. The people who were at the meeting noticed something usual.
B. No one who was at the meeting noticed something unusual.
C. The people who were at the meeting didn't notice usual things.
D. No one who was at the meeting noticed the usual things.

RELATIVE CLAUSEs (continued)

I. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1. Ms Young, to _______ many of her students are writing, is living happily and peacefully in Canada.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
2. I saw a lot of new people at the party, _______ seemed familiar.
A. some of whom B. some of who C. whom D. some of that
3. My friend eventually decided to quit her job, _______ upset me a lot
A. that B. when C. which D. who
4. He is the man _______ car was stolen last week.
A. whom B. that C. which D. whose
5. My father works for a construction company in _______.
A. Winchester, which is a city in the U.K. B. Winchester, that is a city in the U.K.
C. Winchester is a city in the U.K. D. Winchester where is a city in the U.K.
6. Ricky Martin, _______ of the band Menudo, attained great popularity in the late 1990s.
A. formerly member B. a former member C. was a former member D. being former member
7. I would like to know the reason _______ he decided to quit the job.
A. why B. which C. that D. when
8. _____ instructed me how to make a good preparation for a job interview.
A. John Robbins to that I spoke by telephone, B. John Robbins, that I spoke to by telephone,
C. John Robbins I spoke to by telephone, D. John Robbins, whom I spoke to by telephone,
9. He was always coming up with new ideas, _________ were absolutely impracticable.
A. most of whom B. that C. most of which D. most of that
10. She always had wanted to go to places _______ she could speak her native tongue.
A. that B. in that C. which D. where
11. February is the month ____ many of my colleagues take skiing holidays.
A. when B. that C. in that D. which
12. There were 35 passengers on the coach, _______were British.
A. almost all who B. almost all of who C. of whom all almost D. almost all of whom
13. John F. Kennedy was the youngest President of the United States and the fourth _______.
A. to assassinate B. to be assassinated C. who assassinated D. who be assassinated
14. According to some educators, the goal of teaching is to help students learn what _______to know to live a well-
adjusted and successful life.
A. do they need B. they need C. they are needed D. need them
15. We saw three houses, _______ had been blown off in the storm.
A. the roof of which B. their roof C. the roof of them D. of which the roof
16. Cable cars are moved by cables _______ underground and are powered by a stationary engine.
A. they run B. that they run C. run D. that run
17. A skilled workforce is essential, _______ why our training program is so important.
A. that's B. which C. which is D. this is
18. Not until a student has mastered algebra _____ the principles of geometry, trigonometry, and physics.
A. he can begin to understand B. can he begin to understand
C. he begins to understand D. begins to understand
19. Picasso, _______ works inspired many other artists, lived until he was a ripe old age.
A. who B. whose C. that D. which
20. My cousin _______ is going to come and stay with us this summer holiday.
A. who I talked to you B. I talk to you about her
Page 9
 C. whom I talked to you about her D. I talked to you about
II. Choose the underlined part that has a mistake.
21. The manager (A) sent on his new striker, (B) whose (C) scored a (D) brilliant goal.
22. No one (A) has said (B) anything (C) would persuade me (D) to change my mind.
23. (A) Who (B) dumped this rubbish here (C) doesn't care (D) about the environment.
24. I hate the (A) way you (B) never look at me (C) whenever you speak (D) to me.
25. (A) The Sun's rays heat (B) the Earth's surface, (C) on which then (D) radiates the heat into the air.

III. Choose the best sentence that can be made from the cues given.
26. Marie Curie,/ discovered/ who/ French/ was/ radium,/ a/ famous/ physicist/.
A. Marie Curie, who was radium, discovered a famous French physicist.
B. Mari Curie, who discovered radium, was a famous French physicist.
C. Marie Curie was a famous French physicist, who discovered radium.
D. Marie Curie, who discovered radium was a famous, French physicist.
27. A/ where/ a/ laboratory/ carried/ experiments/ are/ is/ place/ out/.
A. A place where are carried out experiments is a laboratory.
B. A place where is a laboratory experiments are carried out.
C. A place carried out are where experiments is a laboratory.
D. A place where experiments are carried out is a laboratory.
28. person/ a/ a/ is/ studies/ geology/ geologist/ who/ called/.
A. A person who is studies geology called a geologist.
B. A person who studies geology is called a geologist.
C. A person who geology studies is called a geologist.
D. A person is called a geologist who studies geology.
29. a/ professor/ a/ person/ teaches/ who/ university/ at/ the/ is/.
A. A person who teaches at the university is a professor.
B. A person who is at the university teaches a professor.
C. A person teaches at the university who is a professor.
D. A person teaches who at the university is a professor.
30. Darwin,/ theory of evolution/ was/ scientists/ among/ made/ famous,/ him/ the/ greatest/ whose/.
A. Darwin, whose theory of evolution was among the greatest, made him famous scientists.
B. Darwin, whose theory of evolution, has made him famous was among the greatest scientists.
C. Darwin, whose theory of evolution made him famous, was among the greatest scientists.
D. Darwin, made him famous whose theory of evolution, was among the greatest scientists.
------THE END------

Page 10