COMPLEX SENTENCE

1. Định nghĩa
Sự kết hợp giữa một mệnh đề độc lập (Independent clause) và một hay
nhiều mệnh đề phụ thuộc (dependent clauses) sẽ tạo ra một câu phức

2. Cách phân biệt mệnh đề độc lap và mệnh đề phụ thuộc

a. Mệnh đề độc lập (IC)
Là mệnh đề diễn tả suy nghĩ hoặc 1 ý hoàn chỉnh và có thể đứng một mình
trong câu.
Ex: We finished our homework.
b. Mệnh đề phụ thuộc (DC)
Là mệnh đề luôn bắt đầu với các liên từ phụ thuộc như là:
 Although / Even though / Though
 After / Since / Until /While / As / Before / When
 If / Because / Unless
 Whenever / Whereas / Wherever

Ex: Art student should visit Paris because it has excellent art
IC DC
After we finished our homework, we watched TV for a while

After we won the lottery last year, my wife and I decided to take a trip.

We were very excited when we won

EX1. Underline each independent clause one, dependence clause twice. Circle each time
subodinator and add a comma as need.

1. After we got our first payment, we started planning a trip to Italy

2. Before we left on our trip we wrote to our cousins in Rome and told them our plans
3.As soon as they received our letter they called and invested us to stay with them

4.They were waiting at the airport when we arrived

5.They waited outside while the Italian officials carefully checked our passport

6.Finally, after we got our suitcases, they drove us to their home.

7. As soon as we arrived at the apartment, they wanted to feed us.

8. We ate one delicious home-cooked dish after another unitl we were very full.

9. We fell asleep as soon as our heads hits the pillows

10. Almost 24 hours had passed since we left home.

EX2.Write IC and DC for each setence

1. Before I go to work
2. I take a walk around the block
3. The exercise wakes up my body and clear my mind
4. It’s hard to do this in the winter
5. When I go to work
6. It is still dark
7. After I get home from work
8. It is dark again
9. I can always take a walk on weekend, even in the winter
10. When it is raining, of course
11. I never go out
12. On rainy day, as soon as the alarm clock rings
13. I turn over and go back sleep

EX 3. Write complex sentence with time clause by combining the word groups shown. Add
comma as need

1. Combine 1 and 2: Before I go to work, I take a wak around the block

2. Combine 5 and 6: When I go to work, It is still dark
3. Combine 7 and 8: After I get home from work, it is dark again
4. Combine 10 and 11: When it is raining, of course, I never go out
5. Combine 12 and 13: On rainy day, as soon as the alarm clock rings, I turn over and go
back sleep.