Statistics and Probability

SCATTER
PLOTS
Prepared by:
Ms. Denise Mae D. Catada BSED-Math IV
Pre-service Teacher
Learning Targets:
 I can illustrate the nature of
bivariate data;
 I can construct a scatter plot; and
 I can describe shape (form), trend
(direction), and variation
(strength) based on a scatter plot.

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 Some research studies involve two variables.
One of these two variables is the independent
variable and the one is the dependent variable. The
independent variable is the variable that can cause the
dependent variable to change. The dependent variable
is the variable that is influenced of the affected by the
independent variable.
Determine the relationship between the two variables
being presented below:
BIVIRIATE DATA
The data collected in this type of study which involves
two variables are called bivariate data. Bivariate data
are always in pairs. For instance, a researcher wants to
find out if there is a relationship between the height
and weight. Here, height is the independent variable
and weight is the dependent variable.
SCATTER PLOTS
Scatter plots are diagram that are used to show the
degree and pattern of relationship between the two
sets of data. They are constructed on the xy coordinate
plane. Each data point on a scatter plot represents two
values (x,y). The abscissa of the point is a value of the
independent variable (x) and the ordinate is a value
of the dependent variable (y).
SCATTER PLOT Illustrations:
The Shape (FORM), Trend
(DIRECTION), and the
Variation (STRENGTH)
based on a Scatter Plot

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Shape
(FORM)
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Shape (FORM)
Shape (FORM)
  Trend
(DIRECTION)

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Trend (DIRECTION)
POSITIVE CORRELATION
 Trend (DIRECTION)
POSITIVE CORRELATION

A positive correlation exists

when high values of one
variable correspond to high
values of another variable or
vice versa.
 Trend (DIRECTION)
POSITIVE CORRELATION
Example 1: The table below shows the time in hours (x) spent by the six grade
11 students in studying their lessons and their scores (y) on a test. Construct a
scatter plot.
Time Score
Spent (y)
(x)
1 5
2 15
3 10
4 15
5 30
6 35
Trend (DIRECTION)
NEGATIVE CORRELATION
 Trend (DIRECTION)
NEGATIVE CORRELATION

A NEGATIVE correlation
exists when high values of
one variable correspond to
low values of another
variable or vice versa.
 Trend (DIRECTION)
NEGATIVE CORRELATION
Example 2. The table below shows the time in hours spent by 6 students in playing
computer games and the scores these students got on a math test. Construct a scatter
plot.
Time Math
Spent Score
(x) (y)
1 30
2 25
3 25
4 10
5 15
6 5
Trend (DIRECTION)
NO CORRELATION
 Trend (DIRECTION)
NO CORRELATION

A NO correlation exists
when high values of one
variable correspond to either
high or low values of another
variable.
 Trend (DIRECTION)
NO CORRELATION
Example 3. The table below shows the number of selfies (x) posted online of students
and the students and the scores (y) they obtained from a science test. Construct a
scatter plot.
No. of Scores
Selfies (y)
(x)
1 25
2 5
3 20
4 40
5 25
6 5
 Variation
(STRENGTH)

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Variation (STRENGTH)
Variation (STRENGTH)
Variation (STRENGTH)
 Variation (STRENGTH)
The strength of association between the two variables on the scatter
plot can be estimated by observing the dots. If the dots are on the
straight line is pointing upward to the right, then there is a perfect
positive correlation. If the dots are on the straight line pointing
downward to the right, then there is a perfect negative correlation. If
the dots are concentrated around a straight line pointing upward to the
right, then there is a strong positive correlation. If the dots are
concentrated around a straight line pointing downward to the right,
then there is a strong negative correlation. If the dots are not close but
are not too far from the straight line that they seem to follow then there
is a moderately positive and moderately negative correlation depending
on the direction of the straight line.
Variation (STRENGTH)
Variation (STRENGTH)
INSTRUCTIONS: (Individual) Do the following: (a) Construct a scatter
plot, (b) determine the direction of the straight line that the data points seem
to follow, and (c) determine the strength of correlation between the two
variables depicted in each scatter plot.
1. x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
y 15 20 20 25 32 30 35 22
2. x 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
y 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45
3. x 30 45 35 40 60 50 55 65
y 40 30 45 60 50 55 65 62
 Thank you
for listening!
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