DPP Vector Algebra

Answer Keys and Solutions BITSAT Crash Course

ANSWER KEYS
1. (3) 2. (3) 3. (4) 4. (4) 5. (2) 6. (1) 7. (1) 8. (3)
9. (3) 10. (2) 11. (2) 12. (1) 13. (3) 14. (3) 15. (4) 16. (2)
17. (3) 18. (3) 19. (3) 20. (2) 21. (4) 22. (1) 23. (3) 24. (4)
25. (2) 26. (3) 27. (1) 28. (2) 29. (2) 30. (3) 31. (1) 32. (2)
33. (3) 34. (3) 35. (4) 36. (1) 37. (1) 38. (1) 39. (3) 40. (1)

1. (3)
−
−→
Here, OA = 2ˆi + 3ˆj + 4k
ˆ

−
−→
ˆ ˆ ˆ
OB =3 i + 4 j + 2k

−
−→
And OC ˆ ˆ ˆ
= 4 i + 2 j + 3k

−
−→
ˆ ˆ ˆ
∴ AB = i + j– 2 k

−
−→
ˆ ˆ ˆ
BC = i – 2 j + k

−
−→
ˆ ˆ ˆ
CA = 2 i – j– k

∣−
−→∣ ∣−
−→∣ ∣−
−→∣
Clearly, ∣AB∣=∣BC ∣=∣CA∣=√6
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

So, these points are vertices of an equilateral triangle.

2. (3)
→ →
Since r is collinear with c , we can write,
→ →
r = k c

→ →
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
r =|k| c
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

Given,
→
∣→ ∣
∣ a + b ∣
→ ∣ ∣
∣ ∣
r =
∣ ∣ 2

→
∣→ ∣
∣ a + b ∣
∣ →∣
∣ ∣
∴ =|k| c
2 ∣ ∣

∣ 6ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
i − 2 j − 4k∣= 2|k|∣3 i − j + 2k∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

√56 = 2|k|√14

∴ k = ±1

→ →
∴ r = ± c

3. (4)
→ → → →
We know, if P is collinear with Q , then P = βQ , where β is a non-zero scalar.
→
→ →
Given, a , b , c are three non-zero vectors which are pairwise non-collinear.
→ → → →
→ →
Also, given a + 3 b is collinear with c and b + 2 c is collinear with a

→
→ →
∴ a + 3 b = λ c . . . .(i)

→
→ →
And b + 2 c = μ a . . . . .(ii)

where λ, μ are non-zero scalars.

From equation (i) and (ii)
→
λ → 1 → → →
⇒ b = c − a = −2 c + μ a
3 3
−1
⇒ λ = −6, μ =
3

Put, λ = −6 in the equation (i)

→
→ →
⇒ a + 3 b = −6 c

→
→ →
⇒ a + 3 b + 6 c = 0

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4. (4)
Three vectors are coplanar if their scalar triple product is zero.
So,
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
[(2 i + 3 j − 2k̂)×(− i + 2 j + 3k̂)].(5 i + a j + k̂)= 0

∣ 2 3 −2 ∣
∣ ∣ ˆ ˆ
⇒ −1 2 3 .[5 i + a j + 5k̂]= 0
∣ ∣
∣ 5 a k ∣

ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
⇒ [13 i − 4 j + 7k̂].[5 i + a j + 5k̂]= 0

⇒ 65 − 4a + 7 = 0

⇒ a = 18

5. (2)
Given the three vectors are coplanar.
∣μ 1 1 ∣
∣ ∣
Hence, ∣ 1 μ 1 ∣= 0
∣ ∣
∣ 1 1 μ∣

2
⇒ μ(μ − 1)−1(μ − 1)+1(1 − μ)= 0

2 2
⇒ μ(μ − 1)(μ + 1)−2(μ − 1)= 0 [∵ a − b =(a − b)(a + b)]

⇒(μ − 1)(μ (μ + 1)−2)= 0

2
⇒(μ − 1)(μ + μ + 2)= 0

⇒(μ − 1)(μ − 1)(μ + 2)= 0

⇒ μ = 1, 1, − 2

Therefore, the sum of the distinct real values of μ = −2 + 1 = −1.

6. (1)
Let
→
ˆ ˆ
R 1 = 2 i + 4 j − 5k̂

→
ˆ ˆ
R 2 = i + 2 j + 3k̂

−
−→
Then, vector parallel to the diagonal AC is
→ → →
R ( along AC) = R 1 + R 2
ˆ ˆ
= 3 i + 6 j − 2k̂

−
−→
∵ Required vector is the unit vector along AC,
→
R
∴ â = →
∣ ∣
∣R ∣
∣ ∣

ˆ ˆ ˆ
3 i +6 j −2k
1 ˆ ˆ
⇒ â = = (3 i + 6 j − 2k̂)
√9+36+4 7

7. (1) A(1, 5, 35), B(7, 5, 5), C(1, λ, 7), D(2λ, 1, 2)

¯
¯¯¯
¯¯ ˆ ˆ ¯¯¯
¯¯¯ ˆ ˆ ˆ
AB = 6 i − 30k, BC = −6 i (λ − 5) j + 2k

−
−→
ˆ ˆ ˆ
CD =(2λ − 1) i +(1 − λ) j − 5k

Points are coplanar

∣ 6 0 −30 ∣
∣ ∣
⇒ 0 = −6 λ − 5 2
∣ ∣
∣ 2λ − 1 1 − λ −5 ∣

= 6(−5λ + 25 − 2 + 2λ)

2
−30(−6 + 6λ −(2λ − λ − 10λ + 5))

2
= 6(−3λ + 23)−30(−2λ + 11λ − 5 − 6 + 6λ)

2
= 6(−3λ + 23)−30(−2λ + 17λ − 11)

2
= 6(−3λ + 23 + 10λ − 85λ + 55)

2 2
= 6(10λ − 88λ + 78)= 12(5λ − 44λ + 39)

2
⇒ 0 = 12(5λ − 44λ + 39)

44
λ1 + λ2 =
5

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8. (3)
→
→ → →
ˆ ˆ
α = a + b + c = 6 i + 12 j. . .(i)

→
→ →
Let α = x a + y b

→
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
α = x(6 i – 3 j)+y(2 i – 6 j)

→
ˆ ˆ
⇒ α =(6x + 2y) i –(3x + 6y) j. . . (ii)

From (i) & (ii)

⇒ 6x + 2y = 6 and – 3x– 6y = 12
∴ x = 2, y =– 3

→
→
∴ α = 2 a –3 b

9. (3)
Given two vectors lie in XY-plane.
→
So, any vector coplanar with them is ˆ ˆ
a = x i + yj

(Using Theorem in Plane)

Since, ˆ ˆ
a ⊥( i – j)

(As per the condition given in the problem that vector is perpendicular to first vector)
⇒(x î + y ĵ).( î – ĵ)= 0

⇒ x– y = 0

⇒ x = y

→
∴ a = x î + x ĵ

→
Now ∣∣ a ∣∣= √x 2
+ x
2
= x√ 2

ˆ ˆ
→ x ( i +j )

Required unit vector = ±

a 1 ˆ ˆ
∴ = ± = ± ( i + j)
∣→∣ x√2 √2
a
∣ ∣

10. (2)
We have,
→
→ ∣ ∣
∣ ∣
a =∣ b ∣= 1
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

→
→

Hence, required unit vector in this direction is

a + b

∣→ →∣
∣ a + b ∣
∣ ∣

→
→ ∣ ∣
Now, we know that resultant of ∣∣ a ∣∣ and ∣ b ∣ is given by
∣ ∣

→ 2 →
→ 2 ∣ ∣ →
∣ ∣
R = √ a + ∣ b ∣ + 2 a ⋅ b
∣ ∣
∣ ∣

→ 2 → 2 →
∣→ ∣ ∣ →∣ ∣ ∣ →
⇒∣ a + b ∣= √ a + ∣ b ∣ + 2 a ⋅ b
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

→
∣→ ∣
⇒∣ a + b ∣= √2 + 2 cos θ
∣ ∣
→
∣→ ∣ θ
⇒∣ a + b ∣= 2 cos( )
∣ ∣ 2

→ →
→ →

Hence, unit vector along the bisector is

a + b a + b
=
∣→ →∣ θ

∣ a + b ∣ 2 cos ( )
∣ ∣ 2

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11.

(2)
∣−−
→∣ ∣−−
→∣
∣OA∣= 3,∣OB∣= 6
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
−
−→
Position vector of L (internal bisector of ∠BOA) = OL
∣−−→∣ ∣−−→∣
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
∣ OA ∣ ( 2 i +4 j +4k̂ ) + ∣ OB ∣ ( 2 i +2 j +k̂ )
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
=
∣−−→∣ ∣−−→∣
∣ OA ∣ + ∣ OB ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

3 ( 2 î +4 ĵ +4k̂ ) +6 ( 2 î +2 ĵ +k̂ )

=
3+6

ˆ ˆ ˆ
18 i +24 j +18k
=
9

1
ˆ ˆ
= (6 i + 8 j + 6k̂)
3

∣−
−→∣ √136
So; ∣OL∣= 1
√36 + 64 + 36 = units
∣ ∣ 3 3

12. (1)
−
−→ −
−→ −
−→ −−
→ − −
→
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
Let the bisector of ∠A meets BC at D, then AD divides BC in the ratio ∣AB∣:∣AC ∣.
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
−
−→ −
−→
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
ˆ ˆ
∣ AB ∣ (2ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
i +5 j+7k)+ ∣ AC ∣ (2 i +3 j+4k)
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∴ Position vectors of D =
−
−→ −
−→
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∣ AB ∣ + ∣ AC ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

−−
→
∣ ∣
ˆ ˆ ˆ
Here, ∣AB∣=∣−2 i − 4 j − 4k∣= 6
∣ ∣
∣ ∣

∣−−
→∣
∣ ˆ ˆ ˆ∣
and ∣AC ∣=∣−2 i − 2 j − k∣= 3
∣ ∣

∴ Position Vector of D

ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
6 ( 2 i +5 j+7k ) +3 ( 2 i +3 j+4k )

=
6+3

ˆ ˆ ˆ
18 i +39 j+54k
=
9

1
ˆ ˆ ˆ
= (6 i + 13 j + 18k)
3

13. (3)
→
→ ⎛ → ⎞
→
A vector bisecting the angle between is equal to λ , where λ is a scalar.
a b
a and b +
∣→∣ ∣→∣
⎝ ∣
a
∣ ∣ b ∣ ⎠
∣ ∣

→
⎛ → ⎞ ˆ ˆ ˆ
2 i + j −k
ˆ ˆ ˆ
− i +2 j −k
a b
⇒ λ + = λ( + )
∣→∣ ∣→∣ √6 √6
⎝ ∣
a
∣ ∣ b ∣ ⎠
∣ ∣

→
⎛ → ⎞
a b λ ˆ ˆ
⇒ λ + = ( i + 3 j − 2k̂) . . . . .(i)
∣→∣ ∣→∣ √6
⎝ ∣
a
∣ ∣ b ∣ ⎠
∣ ∣

→
→
Given,The magnitude of angle bisector of a and b is 3.
∣ λ ∣
ˆ ˆ
∴ ( i + 3 j − 2k̂) = 3
∣ √6 ∣

|λ| 2
⇒ √12 + 32 + (−2) = 3
√6

2 54
⇒ λ =
14

3√6
⇒ λ = ±
√14

Put the value of λ in equation (i)

3√6
±
√14
ˆ ˆ
⇒ ( i + 3 j − 2k̂)
√6

There are two angle bisectors and .

3 −3
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
( i + 3 j − 2k̂) ( i + 3 j − 2k̂)
√14 √14

→
Now, 3
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
( i + 3 j − 2k̂)⋅( i − 2 j + k̂) is negative and hence 3
ˆ ˆ
( i + 3 j − 2k̂) makes an obtuse angle with b
√14 √14

14. (3) cos 2 2

45° + cos 120° + cos θ = 1
2

1 1 2 2 3 1
⇒ + + cos θ = 1 ⇒ cos θ = 1 − =
2 4 4 4

1
⇒ cos θ = (∵ θ is acute)
2

⇒ θ = 60°

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15. (4)

→
ˆ ˆ
a Old = 3p i + j

→
ˆ ˆ
a New = (p + 1) i + √10 j

→ →
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
⇒ a Old = a New
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

2 2
⇒ ap + 1 = p + 2p + 1 + 10

2
8p − 2p − 10 = 0

2
4p − p − 5 = 0

5
(4p − 5)(p + 1) = 0 → p = , −1
4

16. (2)
We know, the median through any vertex divide the opposite side into two equal parts.

−
−→ −
−→ −
−→ −
−→
AB + AC = BC = 2AD

−
−→ −
−→
−
−⇀
1 1
ˆ ˆ ˆ
⇒ AD = [AB + AC]= [8 i − 2 j + 8k]
2 2

−
−→
ˆ ˆ ˆ
⇒ AD = 4 i − 1 j + 4k

∣−
−→∣
Then, the length of the median ∣AD∣= √4 2 2 2
+ (−1) + 4 = √33
∣ ∣

→
17. (3) →
a + b
→
= −√3 c

18. (3)
→ → → →
Given, A ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
= 3 i + 4 j, B = 6 i + 8 j & B = 2(A )

∣ˆ ˆ ˆ∣
i j k
→ → ∣ ∣
∴ A × B =∣ 3 4 0 ∣= 0
∣ ∣
∣6 8 0∣

∣ →∣ ∣
→
∣
2 2 2 2
∴ ∣A ∣= A = √3 + 4 = 5, ∣ B ∣= B = √6 + 8 = 10
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

A 5 1
⇒ = =
B 10 2
→ →
∴ A . B = 3 ⋅ 6 + 4 ⋅ 8 = 50

19. (3)
→
→ →
→
A unit perpendicular to the plane a and b =
a × b

∣→ →∣
∣ a × b ∣
∣ ∣

∣ˆ ˆ ˆ ∣
i j k
→ ∣ ∣
→
Now, a × b =∣ 2 −6 −3 ∣
∣ ∣
∣4 3 −1 ∣

ˆ ˆ ˆ
= i (6 + 9)− j(−2 + 12)+k(6 + 24)

ˆ ˆ ˆ
= 15 i − 10 j + 30k

→
∣→ ∣
and ∣ a ×
2 2
b ∣= √15 + (−10) + (30)
2

∣ ∣

= √1225 = 35

∴ Required vector
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
15 i −10 j+30k 3 i −2 j+6k
= =
35 7

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20. (2)
∵ A ⋅ B = 0 ⇒ A ⊥ B

and A ⋅ C = 0 ⇒ A ⊥ C

Since, the vector B × C is perpendicular to both the vectors B and C.

∴ A || B × C

⇒ A = k B × C ..... (i)
Taking modulus on both the sides, we get
|A|=|k B × C|=|k||B × C| ...... (ii)
But |B × C|=|B||C|sin
π

4
= 1 × 1 ×
1
=
1

√2 √2

Also, |A|= 1
From Eq. (ii), we get
1
1 =|k|
√2

⇒ k = ±√2

Hence, A = ±√2(B × C)

21. (4)
→
→ →
Since, a ⋅( b + c )= 0

→
→ → →
⟹ a ⋅ b + a ⋅ c = 0

→ → →
→ → → → →
Similarly, b ⋅ c + b ⋅ a = 0& c ⋅ a + c ⋅ b = 0

→ →
→ → → →
∴ a ⋅ b + a ⋅ c + b ⋅ c = 0 . . .(1)

→
∣→ ∣
Given, ∣ a + b ∣= 6
∣ ∣

→ 2 →
→ 2 ∣ ∣ →
∣ ∣
⟹ a + ∣ b ∣ + 2 a ⋅ b = 36 . . .(2)
∣ ∣
∣ ∣
2
→ →
∣ ∣ → 2 →
Similarly, ∣ b ∣ +
∣
∣
c
∣
∣
+ 2 b ⋅ c = 64 . . .(2)
∣ ∣
2 2
→ → → →
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
& c + a + 2 c ⋅ a = 100 . . .(4)
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

On adding Eqs. (2),(3) and (4), we get

→ 2 2 → →
∣ →∣ 2 ∣ ∣ ∣ →∣ → → → →
2 a ∣∣ + 2∣
∣∣ b ∣ + 2 c + 2( a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a )= 200
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

→ 2
→ 2 ∣ ∣ → 2
⟹
∣
∣
a
∣
∣
∣
+ ∣ b ∣ + c
∣
∣
∣
= 100 . . .(5) [from Eqs. (1)]
∣ ∣
2 2
→ 2 → 2 → →
∣→ →∣ ∣ →∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ →∣ → → → →
Now, ∣ a + b + c ∣ =
∣
a
∣
+ ∣ b ∣ +
∣
c
∣
+ 2( a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a )
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

2
→
∣→ →∣
⟹ ∣ a + b + c ∣ = 100 [from Eqs. (1) and (5)]
∣ ∣
→
∣→ →∣
⟹ ∣ a + b + c ∣ = 10
∣ ∣

22. (1)
→
→
Since b = 2 a , so 3 − λ 2 = 2λ1

λ2 = 3 − 2λ1 . . .(1)

We know that if two vectors a 1

ˆ ˆ ˆ
i + b1 j + c 1 k and a 2
ˆ ˆ ˆ
i + b2 j + c 2 k are perpendicular, then a 1 a2 + b1 b2 + c 1 c 2 = 0

→ →
Since, a is perpendicular to c so
6 + 6λ1 + 3(λ3 − 1)= 0

⇒ 6 + 6λ1 + 3λ3 − 3 = 0

⇒ λ3 = −1 − 2λ1 . . .(2)

From equations (1) and (2), we get

(λ1 , λ2 , λ3 )=(λ1 , 3 − 2λ1 , − 1 − 2λ1 ) where λ 1 ∈ R

⇒ (−
1

2
, 4, 0) satisfies the above triplet.

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23. (3)
→
→ ∣ ∣
Given that, ∣∣ a ∣∣= 2√2,∣ b ∣= 3
∣ ∣
→ → →
→ → →
The longer vectors is 5 a + 2b + a − 3b = 6 a − b

Length of one diagonal

→
∣ → ∣
=∣6 a − b ∣
∣ ∣

2 →2 →
→ ∣ →∣ ∣ ∣
= √36 a + b − 2 × 6 a ∣ b ∣cos 45∘
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

1
= √36 × 8 + 9 − 12 × 2√2 × 3 ×
√2

= √288 + 9 − 12 × 6 = √225 = 15

→
→
Other diagonal is 4 a + 5b .
Its length = √16 × 8 + 25 × 9 + 40 × 6 = √593
24. (4)
We have,
→
∣ →∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ →∣
a =∣ b ∣= c = 1
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

And,
→ →
→ →
a + 2 b + 2 c = 0

→
→ →
⇒ a + 2 c = −2 b

→ →
→ → → →
⇒( a + 2 c )⋅( a + 2 c )= −(2 b )⋅(−2 b )

→ 2
→ 2 → 2 → → ∣ ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
⇒ a + 4 c + 4 a ⋅ c = 4∣ b ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∣ ∣
→ →
⇒ 1 + 4 + 4 a ⋅ c = 4

→ → −1
⇒ a ⋅ c =
4
→ →
∣ ∣∣ ∣ 1
⇒ a c cos θ = −
∣ ∣∣ ∣ 4

1
⇒ cos θ = −
4

Then,
→ → → →
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣∣ ∣
a × c = a c sin θ
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣∣ ∣
→ →
∣ ∣
⇒ a × c = sin θ
∣ ∣

∣→ →∣
2
⇒ a × c = √1 − cos θ
∣ ∣

∣→ →∣ 1 √15
⇒ a × c = √1 − =
∣ ∣ 16 4

25. (2)
2 2
→ →
∣→ ∣ ∣→ ∣
Given, ∣ a × b ∣ + ∣ a ⋅ b ∣ = 144
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

2 2
∣ →∣ ∣ →∣
∣ →∣ ∣ →∣
⇒ ( a ∣ b ∣sin θ) + ( a ∣ b ∣cos θ) = 144
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

2
2 →
∣ →∣ ∣ ∣ 2 2
⇒ a ∣ b ∣ (sin θ + cos θ)= 144
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

2
2 →
∣ ∣
∣ →∣
⇒ a ∣ b ∣ = 144
∣ ∣
∣ ∣
2
→ → 2
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
⇒ 16∣ b ∣ = 144 ⇒ ∣ b ∣ = 9
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
→
∣ ∣
⇒ ∣ b ∣= 3
∣ ∣

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26. (3)
It is given that the angle between → →
a and c is cos
−1 1

So,
→ → ∣ →∣ ∣ →∣ −1 1
a ⋅ c = a c cos(cos )
∣ ∣∣ ∣ 4

→ →
⇒ a ⋅ c =
1

4
.....(i)
→
→ →
Taking dot product with a , b , c we have
→
→ → → → →
a ⋅ b − 2( a ⋅ c )= λ( a ⋅ a )

→
→ 1
⇒ a ⋅ b − = λ
2
→
→
⇒ a ⋅ b = λ +
1

2
.....(ii)
→
→ 2

Similarly, .....(iii)
λ λ
b ⋅ c = 8 − −
2 4
→
→ → →
and b ⋅ c − 2 = λ( a ⋅ c ) .....(iv)
From equations (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get
2
λ λ 1
8 − − − 2 = λ( )
2 4 4

⇒ λ = 3, − 4

→
27. (1) Adjacent sides of parallelogram are a =
ˆ ˆ ˆ
i + 2 j + 3k and −3ˆi − 2ˆj + ˆ
k . We know that vector area of parallelogram.
∣ ˆ ˆ ˆ∣
i j k
→ ∣ ∣
→
ˆ ˆ ˆ
a × b = ∣ 1 2 3 ∣= i (2 + 6)− j(1 + 9)+ k (−2 + 6)
∣ ∣
∣ −3 −2 1∣

ˆ ˆ ˆ
= 8 i − 10 j + 4k .
∣→ →∣
Therefore area of parallelogram =∣ a × b ∣= √(8)
2
+ (−10)
2
+ (4)
2
= √64 + 100 + 16
∣ ∣

= √180 sq. unit.

→ →

28. b

∣→∣
. a

→
∣ b ∣ ∣ ∣
a
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
(2) Required value = .
7
= =
→ → →
∣ ∣ 3
a . b
∣ b ∣
∣→∣ ∣ ∣
a
∣ ∣

29. ∣1 1 λ ∣
∣ ∣
(2) ±1 =∣ 1 1 3
∣
⇒= −λ + 3 = ±1 ⇒ λ = 2 or λ = 4

∣2 1 1 ∣

For λ = 4
2+1+4 7
cosθ = =
√6√18 6√3

30. (3) (2→ →

→
→
→
→
a − b )⋅{( a × b )×( a + 2 b )}

→ → → →
→ → → →
=(2 a − b )⋅{( a × b )× a + 2( a × b )× b }

→ → → → → → → → ∣ →∣
→ → → → → → → → ∣ →∣
=(2 a − b )⋅{( a ⋅ a ) b −( a ⋅ b ) a + 2( a ⋅ b ) b − 2( b ⋅ b ) a }[ a ⋅ b = 0, a =∣ b ∣= 1]
∣ ∣
∣ ∣

→ → → →
→ → → →
=(2 a − b )⋅( b − 2 a )= −4 a ⋅ a − b ⋅ b = −5

31. (1)
We have,
→ → → → → →
a ⋅( b × c )
b ⋅( a × c )

+
→ → → →
→ →
( c × a )⋅ b c ⋅( a × b )

→ →
→ → → →
[ a b c ] [ b a c ]

= +
→ →
→ → → →
[ c a b ] [ c a b ]

→ →
→ → → →
[ a b c ] [ a b c ]

= − = 0
→ → → → → →
[ c a b ] [ c a b ]

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→ → → →
32. (2) [→
a + b b +
→
c
→ → →
c + a ]=( a + b ) . {( b +
→ → →
c )×( c + c )}

→ → →
→ → → → → → →
=( a + b ) . ( b × c + b × a + c × c + c × a )

→ →
→ → → →
=( a + b ) . ( b × a + c × a ),

→ →
{∵ c × c = 0}

→ → → → → → →
→ → → → → → → → → → →
= a . b × c + a . b × a + a . c × a + b . b × c + b . b × a + b . c × a

→ → →
→ → → → → →
=[ a , b , c ]+ [ b , c , a ]= 2[ a , b , c ] .

33. (3)
→
→ ∣ ∣ →
Given, ∣∣ a ∣∣= 1,∣ b ∣= 2,∣∣ c ∣
∣
= 3 and
∣ ∣
→ →
→ → → →
a . b = 0 = b . c = c . a (as the three vectors are mutually perpendicular)
So,
→ →
→ → → →
[( a + b + c )×( b − a )]. c

→ → →
→ → → → →
=[ a × b − 0 + 0 − b × a + c × b − c ]. c

→ →
→ → → → → → →
=[2( a × b ). c +( c × b ). c −( c × a ). c ]

→
→ →
= 2( a × b ). c + 0 − 0

→
→ →
= 2[ a b c ]

= 2 ⋅ 1 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 3

= 12

→ → →
34. (3) r is parallel to m × n

→ →
Let θ be angle between m and n

2
∣→ →∣ ∣→ →∣
∴ m + n = 2 + 4 m × n
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

1 + 1 + 2 cos θ = 2 + 4 × sin θ

1
⇒ tan θ =
2
2 2
∣ →→→ ∣ ∣→ → → ∣
[m n r ] = r .( m × n )
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

2 2 2
∣ →∣ ∣ →∣ ∣ →∣ 2
= r m n sin θ
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

1
= 25 × = 5
5

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35. (4)
→
→ →
Given: three non-zero vectors, a , b , c

Consider,
∣ → → → ∣ →
→∣ ∣ → → → →
∣ ∣
∣( a × b ). c ∣=∣( a × b )∣ c cos θ
∣ ∣
, where θ is the angle between ( a × b ) and c .
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

We want cos θ = 0 ⇒ θ = 90°.

→
→ →
( a × b ) ⊥ c

→
→ → →
⇒ a ⊥ c , b ⊥ c

→
→ → →
⇒ a . c = b . c = 0. . . . . . . . (i)

We need,
∣ → → ∣ →
→ ∣ ∣
∣ ∣
∣( a × b )∣= a ∣ b ∣
∣ ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

→ →
→ ∣ ∣ → ∣ ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
⇒ a ∣ b ∣sin ϕ = a ∣ b ∣
∣ ∣∣ ∣ ∣ ∣∣ ∣

⇒ sin ϕ = 1

⇒ ϕ = 90°

→
→
So the angle between a and b is 90°.
→
→
∴ a ⊥ b

→
→
⇒ a . b = 0. . . . (ii)

So from equation (i) and (ii),

∣ → → → → →
→∣ → ∣ ∣ → → → → →
∣ ∣ ∣
∣( a × b ). c ∣= a ∣ b ∣ c
∣ ∣∣
∣
iff a . b = b . c = c . a = 0
∣ ∣ ∣∣ ∣

36. (1)
→
→
Let ˆ ˆ ˆ
a = i + 2 j − k, b
ˆ ˆ ˆ
= i + j + k

→
and ˆ ˆ ˆ
c = i − j + λk

→
→ →
Since the volume of the tetrahedron = 1

6
[ a b c ]

∣1 2 −1 ∣
2 1 ∣ ∣
⇒ = 1 1 1
3 6 ∣ ∣
∣1 −1 λ ∣

Expand the determinant along R 1

4 = 1(λ + 1)−2(λ − 1) − 1(−1 − 1)

⇒ 4 = −λ + 5

⇒ λ = 1

37. (1)
We have,
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
i ×( j × k)+ j ×(k × i )+k ×( i × j)

ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
=[( i ⋅ k) j −( i ⋅ j)k]+[( j ⋅ i )k −( j ⋅ k) i ]+[(k ⋅ j) i −(k ⋅ i ) j]

= 0 + 0 + 0 = 0 .
→ → →
38. (1) (→
a .
→ → →
c ) b −( b . c ) a =
1 ∣ ∣ → →
∣
∣ b ∣ c
∣
a
3 ∣ ∣∣ ∣

→ →
→ → ∣ ∣ → →
1 ∣ ∣
⇒ 0 −( b . c ) a = ∣ b ∣ c a
3 ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

→ →
∣ ∣ → ∣ ∣ →
∣ ∣ 1 ∣ ∣
⇒ −∣ b ∣ c cos θ = ∣ b ∣ c
∣ ∣ 3 ∣ ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

1
⇒ cos θ = −
3

1 8 2√2
sin θ = √1 − cos2 θ = √1 − = √ =
9 9 3

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39. (3)
→ →
→ → → →
a ×( b × c )= a ×( b × a )

→ → →
→ → → → → →
⇒ −( a . b ) c =( a . a ) b −( a . b ) a

→ →
→ → → →
Using given information ˆ ˆ ˆ
a = i − 2j + k and b
ˆ ˆ ˆ
= i − j + k , we can write a . b = 4 , a . a = 6

→
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
⇒ −4 c = 6( i − j + k)−4( i − 2 j + k)

→
ˆ ˆ ˆ
⇒ −4 c = 2 i + 2 j + 2k

→ 1
ˆ ˆ ˆ
⇒ c = − ( i + j + k)
2

→
→
⇒ b . c = −
1

2
.
→
40. (1) Given, → →
r × a = b

→
Taking right cross product with c , we get,
→ →
→ → → → → → → → → → →
( r × a )× c = b × c ⇒( r ⋅ c ) a −( a ⋅ c ) r = b × c

→
→ → → → ˆ ˆ
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
⇒ 3 a − r = b × c ⇒ r = 3(2 i + 3 j + 4k)−( i + 2 j + 3k)

→ →
ˆ ˆ ˆ ∣ ∣
⇒ r = 5 i + 7 j + 9k ⇒ r = √155
∣ ∣

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