Clinical forms of allergy

Clinical form Manifestations

Hay fever (allergic rhinitis, red and watery eyes, sneezing
rhinitis)
Dermatitis reddening of skin, rash, itching
Conjunctivitis inflamed conjunctivae of eyes, watery, itchy, red eyes
Enteropathy nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, frequent diarrhoea
Hives large red bumps, known as urticaria
Quincke’s oedema swelling of face, lips, air passages, loss of voice
Anaphylactic inability to breathe, drastic drop in blood pressure, tachycardia, loss of
shock consciousness

Pathophysiology of allergic symptoms

cutaneous blood vessels dilate Rash, redness, swelling

makes
blood vessels of nasal cavity dilate Nasal congestion
mucosal membranes produce mucous Rhinorrhoea,
Histamine stimulates work of tear glands Watery eyes
irritates cutaneous nerves Itchy skin, sneezing
muscles of GI and air passages Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain,
contract bronchospasm, cough, wheezing
makes
peripheral blood vessels dilate Low blood pressure, tachycardia