clinical pictures of AATD

Emphysema: The most common and
characteristic feature, often presenting
with
Shortness of
breath: Especially on
exertion, worsening over
time
Wheezing: A high-pitched
whistling sound during
.breathing
Pulmonary manifestations Pneumothorax: Air leakage from the
lung into the space between the lung
and chest wall, causing
Bronchiectasis: Widening and scarring
of the airways, leading to
Sudden, sharp chest pain
Chronic cough: Typically
productive with foul-
.smelling sputum

.Shortness of breath
Chronic cough: May be
productive (with mucus) or Frequent respiratory
.non-productive infections

Chest tightness: A feeling .Rapid breathing

of constriction or pressure
.in the chest Hemoptysis: Coughing
.up blood
Rapid shallow
breathing: Increased
respiratory rate due to
.difficulty breathing deeply
Liver manifestations
clinical pictures of AATD
Liver cirrhosis: Scarring and Other manifestations
destruction of liver tissue, leading to

Fatigue and Gastrointestinal

weakness Skin manifestations
manifestations

.Loss of appetite
panniculitis (inflammation Rectal prolapse
of the fatty layer under the
skin) with red, tender
Nausea and .nodules
.vomiting

Jaundice: Yellowing panniculitis

.of the skin and eyes

Enlarged spleen and

.liver