Presented by

Akanksha Gupta
SIGMUND FREUD THEORY
OF PERSONALITY
Sigmund Freud (8 May 1856 )is the father of modern Psychology which
analyse the human mind and claim that the unconscious mind controlled
a conscious mind.
SIgmund Freud also known as the
founder psychoanalytic theory fraud
had developed his psychoanalysis
method from his friend Josef Breur
SIgmund Freud also known as the founder psychoanalytic theory fraud had developed his
psychoanalysis method from his friend Josef Breur. After nearly 40 years of his clinical experience
he developed his science and profounded what is called psychoanalytic theory. His psychoanalysis
first force of psychology that is commonly known or popular in layman people.

Psychoanalytic help us to understand personality and personality development of the person and
psychology is a clinical method to treat psychopathology.

Psychoanalytic theory divided into four parts:

1. Organisation of personality
2. Structure of personality
3. Dynamics of personality
4. Development of personality
Organization of Personality
Freud delineated the mind in distinct levels, each with their own roles
and function. Three levels of the mind are:

The Conscious Mind - Contains all of the thoughts, memories,

feelings, and wishes which we are aware of at any given moment. This
is the aspect of mental processing that we can think and talk about
rationally.
The Subconscious Mind - The latent part of the brain that is readily
available to the Conscious mind and not currently in use.
Preconscious refers to those facts which are not currently Conscious
but which exist in latency and can be recalled easily.

The Unconscious Mind - Is a reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges,

and memories that are outside of our Conscious awareness. The
unconscious contents that are unacceptable or unpleasant, such as
feelings of pain, anxiety or conflict.
Dynamics of Personality
Instincts Life Instinct Death Instinct Anxiety
(Eros) (Thanatos)
Freud proposed According to Freud,
dynamic aspects of Eros represents the In opposition to the anxiety is an
personality, innate drive toward force of Eros, affective and
including instincts. self-preservation, Thanatos unpleasant state that
According to Freud, survival, and encompasses the alerts the ego to
instincts are innate continuation of life. inner drive toward impending danger.
bodily excitations Eros encompasses aggression, Through this, the
that motivate human both libido, which is destruction, and a person behaves
behavior and play a the sexual energy or return to an adaptively in their
significant role in drive that motivates inorganic state. environment. Freud
shaping personality human behavior, and Thanatos manifests viewed anxiety as an
and psychological the broader drive for in destructive unavoidable aspect
development. pleasure and behavior, of human existence,
gratification in all aggression, self- stemming from
aspects of life. Eros destructive conflict within the
motivates behaviors tendencies, and the psyche, particularly
such as seeking repression of life- the conflict between
food, water, shelter, sustaining impulses. the unconscious and
and satisfaction, as Thanatos is the ego's attempt to
well as forming associated with control them. Freud
social bonds and negative emotions proposed three
connections with such as aggression types of anxiety:
others. and violence. realistic anxiety,
neurotic anxiety, and
moral anxiety.
Dynamic or Structure Modal
of Personality
Freud suggested that personality consist largely of three parts. This
correspond roughly to desire, reason and conscience.

1. ID The id consist of all our primitive, innate urges. This includes various
bodily needs sexual desire and aggressive impuslses. According to Freud
the id is totally unconscious and operates in accordance with what he
term the pleasure principal. It demand immediate, total gratification and
is not capable of considering the potential cost of seeking this goal.
Structure of Personality
Ego
The ego's task is to hold the id in check until
conditions allow for satisfaction of its
impulses. The ego operates in accordance with
the reality principle. It takes into account
external conditions and consequences of
various actions, and directs behavior so as to
maximize pleasure and minimize pain.
Superego
The superego is the final aspect of personality.
Its role is to control the satisfaction of
impulses, but in contrast to the ego, it is
concerned with morality. The superego
determines whether various ways of satisfying
the id's impulses are right or wrong. It only
permits us to gratify such impulses when it is
morally correct to do so, not simply when it is
safe or feasible as determined by the ego.
Dynamics of personality
Freud proposed dynamic aspect of personality - instinct , anxiety and mental mechanism.
Instinct -According to Freud it is innate bodily excitation that motivate human behaviour and
play significant role in shaping personality and psychological development.
Life Instinct (Eros)
Eros represent the innate drive toward the self preservation survival and
continuation of life. Eros in compasses both a libido which the sexual
energy or livido that drive human behaviour and the broader drive for
pleasure and gratification in all aspect of life.

According to Freud Eros motivate behaviour such a seeking to food

water shelter and satisfaction as well as forming social bond and
connection with other.
Freud's Concept of Anxiety
According to Freud, anxiety is an effective and unpleasant state which alerts the ego from
impending danger, through which the person behaves with adaptive responses to their
environment. Freud viewed anxiety as an unavoidable aspect of human existence, stemming from
conflict within the psyche, particularly the conflict between the unconscious and the ego's attempt
to control them.

Freud proposed three types of anxiety:

Realistic anxiety
Neurotic anxiety
Moral anxiety