Nama : Kezia Cicilia

KELAS : PPH 2-C

NIM : 23470530

a noun or pronoun to describe

VERB
A verb is a word that describes what the subject of a sentence is doing. Verbs can indicate
(physical or mental) actions, occurrences, and states of being.

part of a sentence, telling the action or describing what's happening. Verbs come in different
forms and can show actions we do, or they can describe how things are. Without verbs, sentences
wouldn't have any action or meaning, making them incomplete and hard to understand. So, verbs
are essential for making sentences clear and meaningful.
1. Linking Verbs
Linking verbs serve the purpose of connecting the subject of a sentence to a subject
complement, which can be a noun, pronoun, or adjective. They don't express action;
instead, they establish a relationship between the subject and the complement. Here are
examples of linking verbs in action:

1. Forms of "to be" (am, is, are, was, were, etc.):

“She is angry." In this sentence, "is" connects the subject "She" to the complement
“angry," describing her state of being.
2. Other verbs like "become," "seem," "appear," "feel":
"He became an actor." In this example, "became" connects "He" to "an actor,"
indicating a change in identity.
"She seems exhausted." The verb "seems" connects "She" to "exhausted," describing
her current condition.

Linking verbs play a crucial role in providing additional information about the subject
and bringing coherence to the sentence by establishing connections between its elements.
2. Phrasal Verbs and Verb Phrase

1. Phrasal Verbs: These are combinations of a verb and one or more particles (usually
prepositions or adverbs) that together create a unique meaning different from the
individual words.
Example:
"Look up": To search for information. Example: "I need to look up the process of
growth."
"Give up": To quit or surrender. Example: "Don't give up on me."
"Turn off": To switch something off. Example: "Please turn off the lights before
leaving."
3. VERB CONJUGATION

Verbs can change form depending on subject, tense, mood, and voice. This is called
conjugation.
Verbs and subjects must agree in number. If the subject is singular, the verb must also be
singular. Similarly, if the subject is plural, the verb must be plural. This is called subject-
verb agreement.

4. Regular and Irregular Verbs

Regular verbs follow a predictable pattern when forming their past tense and past
participle forms. For example, the verb "talk" follows this pattern: in the past tense, we
add "-ed" to the base form to get "talked," and in the past participle form, we also use
"talked."
Example: "I yell" (present), "I yelled" (past), "I have yelled" (past participle).

On the other hand, irregular verbs don't follow this predictable pattern. They change in
unique ways to form their past tense and past participle forms. For instance, the verb
"ride" is irregular. In the past tense, instead of adding "-ed," it changes to "rode," and in
the past participle form, it becomes "ridden."
Example: "I feel" (present), "I felt" (past), "I have felt" (past participle). Irregular verbs
have different forms for past tense and past participle that you just have to learn
individually since they don't follow a consistent rule like regular verbs do.

5. Modal Verbs
Modal verbs are special types of auxiliary verbs that express various shades of meaning
such as possibility, necessity, ability, or permission. Here are examples of modal verbs in
action:
- MUST> CAN>SHOULD
- MIGHT>MAY>WOULD
6. To + Infinitive
The construction "to + infinitive" is a common form in English that is used to express
various functions, including purpose, intention, obligation, or as part of an infinitive
phrase after certain verbs.

1. Infinitive verb: In its basic form, the infinitive verb is the base form of the verb, often
preceded by the particle "to."
- To live
- To eat
- To survive
2. Purpose or Intention: The "to + infinitive" construction is often used to express the
purpose or intention behind an action.
- She went to the mall “to buy” some clothes.
- I am attending the meeting “to obtain” the information.
- He turned the car around “to save” himself.
3. Obligation or Necessity: It can also indicate obligation or necessity, particularly when
used after modal verbs like "have to," "need to," or "ought to."
- I have to fight for my rights.
- We ought to greet everybody.
- He had to learn from his mistakes.
4. After Certain Verbs: Some verbs are followed by the "to + infinitive" construction to
form an infinitive phrase. These verbs include "want," "decide," "plan," "hope,"
"agree," and others.
- She wants to meet her children next week.
- We decided to go for a cheap vacation.
- I hope to end my shift by the end of the day.
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In summary, the "to + infinitive" construction is versatile and serves various functions in
English, including expressing purpose, intention, obligation, or as part of an infinitive
phrase after certain verbs.