Technical Assessment
Survey of Water Supply Schemes
Realizing the importance of providing safe drinking
water to the people, the Government of Pakistan
launched the Provision of Safe Drinking Water
Project under the Khushal Pakistan Program in
January, 2006. The main aim of the project was to
ensure the provision of safe drinking water to the
urban and rural population of the country through
monitoring the water quality and identifying the
problems related to existing water supply schemes.
The plan for achieving goals of the project was
through: (i) Comprehensive technical assessment
surveys of the estimated 12000 existing water supply
schemes; (ii) Installation of 24 demonstration filtration
plants; (iii) Training of 6000 technical staff of water
supply agencies in the areas of operation,
maintenance and monitoring of water supply
schemes; and (iv) Creation of awareness about the
importance of safe drinking water in the staff of water
supply schemes and among the general public of the
country.
The major components of the project are:
i. Establishment of water quality testing laboratories
in 18 districts;
ii. Up-gradation of 6 existing regional water quality
laboratories of PCRWR;
iii. Installation of demonstration water conditioning
and filtration plants in laboratories of 24 districts;
iv. Technical assessment survey of all existing water
supply schemes;
v. Training and capacity building of staff associated
with water supply schemes; and
vi. Regular monitoring and surveillance of water
supply schemes.
(Sindh Province)
Provision of Safe Drinking Water Project
FA C T S H E E T
Technical Assessment Survey of water supply
schemes is an important component of the project
which has been planned to cover all water supply
schemes located in the Federal Capital, provinces of
Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan
as well as FATA, Gilgit-Baltistan and AJK.
The primary objective of the survey was to identify the
key problems and issues in the water supply schemes
hindering the supply of safe drinking water to the
communities. This involved identification of the
institutional, operational, technological, financial
problems and reasons of non-operation of water
supply schemes. In addition, the survey helped to
point out the non-functional status of the water supply
schemes. Following aspects were covered in the
survey:
Condition
n of water supply source infrastructure
and its quality;
Existing layout of the scheme;
n
Water quality at the source, in the delivery system
n
and at the consumers' end;
Current practices of water treatment;
n
Adequacy of the water supply and treatment of the
n
water;
Future water requirement of the community;
n
Identification of problems in the delivery system:
- Distribution network,
- Water quality and treatment,
- Institutional capacity and management,
- Revenue (Income & Expenditure),
- Maintenance needs,
- Future financial needs.
For more information contact
PAKISTAN COUNCIL OF RESEARCH
IN WATER RESOURCES (PCRWR)
Khyaban-e-Johar, H-8/1, Islamabad
051 9101275, www.pcrwr.gov.pk
 Technical Assessment Survey of Water Supply Schemes (Sindh Province)
Provision of Safe Drinking Water Project
FA C T S H E E T

The outcome of the survey conducted in the 22 Major Issues Identified are:
districts of Sindh province, has revealed that out of
Lack of institutional capacity to manage, operate
n
1247 surveyed water supply schemes 529 (42%) were
and maintain the water supply schemes
functional and 718 (58%) were non-functional.
Non chlorination/ treatment facilities
n
Province-wise conclusions of the survey are as under: Lack of public awareness about safe drinking water
n
Total Number of Schemes: 1247
n Financially unviable schemes due to transfer to
n
Population Served by Schemes: 6.17 million
n community based organizations
Functional Schemes: 529 (42%)
n Financial constraints
n
Non-Functional Schemes: 718 (58%)
n Improper design of water supply schemes
n
Average Duration of Water Supply Schemes: 5
n Unprotected water sources
n
hrs/day Water supply lines getting beyond their service life
n
Average Number of Water Connections per
n
Pictorial Views of Few Non-functional
scheme: 556
n Number of Samples found Safe for Drinking: 25% Water Supply Schemes
n Major contaminants found are: Micro-organisms
and Arsenic
n Financial Sustainability: Mostly schemes are
financially unsustainable
The detailed results are given in the fact sheet
attached at the end.
Reasons for Non-Functioning of Water
Supply Schemes are:
Shortage of funds
n
Missing, theft and damage to electrical and
n Completely damaged scheme
mechanical components
Breakage in transmission/ distribution network
n
Shortage of water
n
Lack of interest by local community due to
n
availability of already existing fresh groundwater
Community disputes
n
Collection of operation and maintenance funds
n
Non-payment of electricity bills for running the
n
schemes
Shortage of staff
n
Low pressure in the system
n
Damaged wells
n
Damaged due to floods
n Absence of pumping machinery at source
 Technical Assessment Survey of Water Supply Schemes (Sindh Province)
Provision of Safe Drinking Water Project
FA C T S H E E T

Recommended Solutions are:

Creation of awareness among the members of
n
water supply agencies and general public about
the importance of safe drinking water and
consequences of unsafe water

Capacity building of staff working on operation

n
Un-protected water source and maintenance of water supply schemes

Appointment of proper qualified and trained

n
manpower in the district administration to
supervise the water supply systems and water
quality on full time basis

Scientific planning for new construction of water

n
supply schemes to avoid pollution in the system

Periodic cleaning of the water tanks/reservoirs at

n
the source and at the consumer residences
Damaged over head tank
Protection of water sources and water reservoirs of
n
water supply schemes

Reduction of leakage in the distribution system

n

Ensure proper chlorination for provision of safe

n
drinking water

Adoption of measures to improve management of

n
water supply schemes and generation of
sustainable revenue
Poor condition of surface storage tank
Revenue collection by installing water meters to
n
charge from the consumers on the basis of their
water utilization

Rehabilitation or replacement of out dated water

n
supply lines

Damaged pumping machinery

 Technical Assessment Survey of Water Supply Schemes (Sindh Province)
Provision of Safe Drinking Water Project
FA C T S H E E T

Summary of Exploratory Results on Main Indicators

Population based of Surveyed
Water Supply Schemes (million) Functional Status
Total Number
Districts
of Schemes Served by Un-Served by Non-
Total Schemes Schemes Functional Functional
Jacobabad 48 0.618 0.102 0.516 15 33
Shikarpur 17 0.11 0.008 0.102 2 15
Kamber Shahdadkot 109 0.715 0.452 0.263 46 63
Larkana 22 0.543 0.022 0.521 2 20
Dadu 98 0.845 0.606 0.239 50 48
Jamshoro 57 0.527 0.461 0.066 52 5
Ghotki 33 0.086 0.031 0.055 11 22
Sukkur 46 0.967 0.861 0.106 32 14
Khairpur 76 0.657 0.211 0.446 10 66
Naushahro Feroze 24 0.404 0.090 0.314 5 19
Nawab Shah 56 0.447 0.264 0.183 10 46
Matiari 33 0.278 0.090 0.188 8 25
Hyderabad 40 0.258 0.076 0.182 15 25
Thatta 89 1.492 0.714 0.778 30 59
Badin 89 0.752 0.339 0.414 42 47
T.M.Khan 19 0.119 0.048 0.071 4 15
Tando Allahyar 30 0.238 0.090 0.148 13 17
Sanghar 91 1.01 0.596 0.414 47 44
Mirpurkhas 78 0.76 0.699 0.061 61 17
Umerkot 85 0.37 0.181 0.189 43 42
Tharparkar 96 0.357 0.189 0.168 30 66
Kashmore 11 0.163 0.040 0.123 1 10
Overall Province 1247 11.716 6.170 5.547 529 718
(53%) (47%) (42%) (58%)

Average Water Water Quality at Source

Average Water Average Water
Connection Number of
Districts Supply Duration Safe for Unsafe for Charges Rate
per Scheme Samples
(hrs/day/scheme Drinking Drinking per Scheme (Rs.)
(Thousands) Collected
Jacobabad 5.7 177 14 3 11 30
Shikarpur 13.0 205 2 2 0 100
Kamber Shahdadkot 3.5 286 46 0 46 29
Larkana 14.0 193 2 2 0 65
Dadu 7.5 374 50 8 42 24
Jamshoro 5.6 462 52 0 52 36
Ghotki 4.7 153 11 2 9 2
Sukkur 7.5 1349 33 3 30 18
Khairpur 6.2 853 10 0 10 16
Naushahro Feroze 3.2 350 5 1 4 21
Nawab Shah 5.3 319 10 0 10 33
Matiari 7.4 418 8 0 8 35
Hyderabad 3.7 216 15 0 15 30
Thatta 7.4 775 30 0 30 38
Badin 5.0 339 42 1 41 36
T.M.Khan 4.8 488 4 0 4 56
Tando Allahyar 4.1 3319 13 1 12 30
Sanghar 5.4 407 47 0 47 36
Mirpurkhas 4.0 784 61 1 60 43
Umerkot 3.2 224 43 0 43 43
Tharparkar 5.6 352 30 0 30 120
Kashmore 10.0 370 1 1 0 34
Overall Province 5.3 556 529 25 504 2