urine. Pyridoxine given prophylactically (10 mg/day) prevents the neurotoxicity even with higher doses.

production of the active coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate from pyridoxine, and its increased excretion in

metabolites of ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide.

in urine—binds and inactivates the vasicotoxic
10. Mesna is a –SH compound that is excreted
2010 Scheme
Ans 8: Peripheral neuritis and a variety of neurological manifestations are the most important

Q.P. Code: 202001 Reg. no.: …………………

Second Professional MBBS Degree Supplementary Examinations

July 2023
dose-dependent toxic effects of Isoniazid. These are due to interference with

Pharmacology - Paper II
Time: 2 Hours Max. Marks: 40
 Answer all questions to the point neatly and legibly • Do not leave any blank pages between
answers • Indicate the question number correctly for the answer in the margin space
 Answer all parts of a single question together • Leave sufficient space between answers
 Draw table/diagrams/flow charts wherever necessary
Essays (2x6=12)
INH neurotoxicity is treated by pyridoxine 100 mg/day.

1. (a) Enumerate four drug groups used in treatment of peptic ulcer with two
examples each.
(b) Briefly describe the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of any one
group.
(c) Mention the drug group which gives immediate symptom relief in a patient with
peptic ulcer. Gastric acid neutralizers- especially Sodium bicarbonate. (2+3+1)
2. A 24-year-old female with fever and chills came to causality. Gives history of
urinary urgency and dysuria. Urine examination confirmed acute lower urinary
tract infection and urine sample given for culture and sensitivity.
(a) List two antibiotic groups which can be used to start therapy. Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin.
(b) Write the mechanism of action, other uses and adverse effects of any one
group. Fluoroquinolones- Ciprofloxacin. Inhibit DNA gyrase.
(c) List any two antibiotic groups which is contra-indicated in a pregnant lady
with urinary tract infection. Ciprofloxacin, Cotrimoxazole.
(d) Name two drugs which is given for chemoprophylaxis. (1+3+1+1)
Short Notes Cotrimoxazole, Nitrofurantoin, Norfloxacin, Cephalexin. (5x3=15)
3. Therapeutic uses of corticosteroids Replacement therapy, Therapeutic uses.
4. Newer Insulins .Long acting insulins like Insulin glargine, Insulin detemir,
5. Azole antifungals Imidazole and Triazoles. Topical imidazole - Clotrimazole, Econazole. Systemic imidazole -
Trimethoprim + Ketoconazole. Triazoles - Fluconazole, Itraconazole.
6. Cotrimoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole. Anti-amoebic.
7. Metronidazole
Write the Pharmacological basis for the use of: (3x1=3)
8. Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) with Isoniazid (INH) in Antitubercular therapy.
9. Lugol’s Iodine is given for 10 days prior to thyroidectomy surgery for Grave’s
T4 to T3 conversion and thus can be a prophylactic measure to
Ans 9: Lugol's iodine is used 10 days prior to thyroidectomy in

disease.
10. MESNA is administered during cyclophosphamide therapy
Write two uses and two adverse effects of the following: (3x1=3)
11. Metformin Type 2 diabetes, PCOD. Abdominal pain, anorexia, bloating.
release of T3/T4 from the thyroid and to decrease

12. Tetracyclines Atypical pneumonia, Cholera. Nausea, Vomiting.

13. Diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) Filariasis, Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia. Nausea, Loss of appetite.
Choose the appropriate drug and Justify: (2x1=2)
14. Folinic acid/folic acid in Methotrexate toxicity Folic acid cannot be used as it won't be converted into its active
grave's disease as it stop any further

coenzyme form, Folinic acid rapidly reverses the effect.

15. Domperidone/Metoclopramide as antiemetic in paediatric population
Name the following (Two examples for each) (5x1=5)
16. Drugs used for Lepra reaction Clofazimine, Prednisolone.
17. Drugs used in inflammatory bowel disease Salphasalazine, Mesalamine.
18. Drugs used in scabies Permethrin, Benzyl Benzoate, Sulphur, Lindane.
19. Viral vaccines Covaxin, Rabies.
20. Antiretroviral drugs Lamivudine, Tenofovir.
thyroid storm.

*****************
Domperidone preferred as metoclopramide causes muscle dystonias
especially in children.