INTRODUCTION:

Internal treatment of water inside the boiler is essential whether or not the feedwater has
been pretreated. Internal treatment compliments external treatment and is required
regardless of whether the impurities entering the boiler with the feedwater are large or small
in quantity. In some cases feedwater supply needs to be only filtered without the need for any
other external treatment. Internal treatment can constitute the sole treatment when boilers
operate at low pressure, large amounts of condensed steam are used for feedwater, or the raw
water available is of good quality. However, in moderate or high-pressure boilers, External
treatment of the make-up water is mandatory for good results. With today’s boilers having
higher heat transfer rates, even a small deposit can cause tube failure or wasted fuel.
Internal water treatment program aims at the following:

1. To react with incoming feedwater hardness and prevent it from precipitating on the
boiler metal as scale
2. To condition any suspended matter such as hardness sludge in the boiler and make it
nonadherent to the boiler metal
3. To provide antifoam protection to permit a reasonable concentration of dissolved and
suspended solids in the boiler water without foaming
4. To eliminate oxygen from the feedwater
5. To provide enough alkalinity to prevent boiler corrosion
6. To prevent scaling and protect against corrosion in the steam-condensate systems.

Various technologies are available for Boiler water treatment . For the low pressure boilers the
popular technologies are the Phosphate / Sodium sulphite based programs , whilst at Wex we
have a host of technologies to offer for boilers and especially for low pressure boilers we have
stabilised tannins also among the offreings . A comparision of the technologies is done herewith
along with description of the stabilised tannIn product CHEMSOL 9221.

Advantages of the CHEMSOL 9221 Technology:

 CHEMSOL 9221 , a Tannin technological product offers dual corrosion protection

mechanism since they not only remove the oxygen by chemisorption ,but also form a
corrosion resistant tannate film on the boiler steel.
 CHEMSOL 9221 is brown in colour so is easier to detect and test .
 They are particularly suitable for low or variable feed water temperatures and very good
at protecting idle and intermittently used boilers.
 CHEMSOL 9221 is a very good dispersants and even oil dispersants in case of oil slips.
 They cut down foaming and carryover and are effective for a wider range of TDS in the
boilers.
 Suitable for low pressure boilers , they are excellent sludge conditioners.
 They don’t add to the boiler TDS so reduces the need for blow down and saves energy.
Methodology of its workings:

Chemisorbs Oxygen Molecules

And forms protective film over
the wet metal surface.

Target Market : For Boilers with feed hardness less then 10 ppm and low pressure boilers

Dis-Advantage of Tannin Technology:

 They add colour to blowdown waters.

 They are suitable for low pressure boilers

Caution Note:

 In case of accidental hardness slippage , compliment the CHEMSOL 9221 program with
CHEMSOL 9065 @ 5 ppm dose, accompanied by blow downs for control on boiler water
hardness , max limit of 300 ppm.
 For long shutdowns of boilers kindly give double blowdowns before boiler stoppage and
fill the boiler with fresh treated waters.

Residuals of Tannin in Boiler: 100 to 150 ppm Tan

Method of Testing:

 TAN TEST KIT method using TN1 AND TN2 reagents.

 Take 20 ml sample
 Add TN1 ( indicator powder ) about 5 milligrams ( approx.) or one small scoop.
 Add TN2 Solution till pink colour persist for about 10 seconds.
 TAN ppm is = Drops *10.