Anticlines

Anticline are formed through the process of crustal compression occurring at convergent plate
boundaries where tectonic plates collide.

1. Initial horizontal layers: layers of sedentary rocks within the earth’s crust are deposited
horizontally due to various geo sedimentation, erosion and deposition.
2. Compression forces: as tectonic plates move and interact with each other they generate
compression forces that act on the earth’s crust. At convergent plate boundaries, where
two plates collide, the leading edge of one plate is formed beneath the other in a
process known as subduction. This collision creates intense compressional forces that
deform the rocks in the crust.
3. Buckling and folding: The compressional forces cause the rocks in the crust to buckle
and fold under pressure. Anticlines form when the rocks are subjected to horizontal
compression causing them to bend upwards and arch into a convex shape. The central
axis of the fold when the curvature is greatest which ……. Crest of the anticline
4. Fractures and displacement: as the rocks deform and fold, fractures may develop along
the crest and limbs of the anticline. Fractures (joints and faults) can result in
displacement along the fold axis, where one block of the rock moves relative to another.
They bend into a convex shape.
5. Erosion and exposure: the uplifted and folded rocks may be exposed at the earth’s
surfaces through erosion, weathering and uplift. Anticlines often from prominent ridges
or hilltops due to their upward arching shape. The exposed rock layers may contain
valuable resources such as oil, gas or minerals.