1. What is the study of meaning in language called?

a. Syntax
b. Phonology
c. Semantics
d. Pragmatics

2. Which of the following is NOT an aspect of meaning in language?

a. Sense
b. Reference
c. Syntax
d. Connotation

3. What is the difference between a word's sense and its reference?

a. Sense refers to the abstract concept of a word, while reference refers to the specific things to which the
word refers.
b. Sense refers to the specific things to which the word refers, while reference refers to the abstract concept of
a word.
c. Sense and reference are the same thing.
d. Neither sense nor reference has anything to do with the meaning of a word.

4. Which of the following is an example of connotation?

a. The word "cat" refers to a small, furry animal with four legs.
b. The word "cat" is associated with independence, grace, and mystery.
c. The word "cat" is spelled with three letters.
d. The word "cat" is used in the phrase "cat's cradle".

5. What is a semantic feature?

a. A property or characteristic that is used to describe the meaning of a word.
b. A type of syntax that is used to analyze the structure of a sentence.
c. A way of pronouncing a word that is specific to a particular dialect.
d. A type of linguistic context that affects the interpretation of meaning.

6. Which of the following is an example of a synonym?

a. Big and small
b. Hot and cold
c. Tall and short
d. Happy and sad

7. What is a hyponym?
a. A word that is used to refer to a general category of things or concepts.
b. A word that is used to refer to a specific example of a general category.
c. A word that is used to refer to a more specific category within a general category.
d. A word that has the opposite meaning of another word.

8. What is the difference between entailment and implicature?

a. Entailment refers to the explicit meaning of a word, while implicature refers to the implicit meaning of a
word.
b. Entailment refers to the relationship between two propositions, while implicature refers to the interpretation
of a speaker's meaning beyond what is explicitly stated.
c. Entailment and implicature are the same thing.
d. Neither entailment nor implicature has anything to do with meaning in language.
9. What is presupposition?
a. An assumption that is made by a speaker or writer and is taken for granted by the listener or reader.
b. A way of using language to influence the attitudes or behavior of others.
c. A type of grammatical structure that is used to indicate the speaker's mood or attitude.
d. A way of pronouncing a word that is specific to a particular dialect.

10. What is a semantic field?

a. A set of words that are related to each other in meaning and are used to describe a particular category or
concept.
b. A type of syntax that is used to analyze the structure of a sentence.
c. A way of pronouncing a word that is specific to a particular dialect.
d. A type of linguistic context that affects the interpretation of meaning.

11. What is polysemy?

a. The use of language to convey multiple meanings at the same time.
b. The use of different words to convey the same meaning.
c. The use of language to convey a single, unambiguous meaning.
d. The use of language to convey emotions and attitudes.

12. What is homonymy?

a. The use of language to convey multiple, unrelated meanings with the same word.
b. The use of language to convey multiple, related meanings with the same word.
c. The use of language to convey a single, unambiguous meaning.
d. The use of language to convey emotions and attitudes.

13. How does linguistic context affect the interpretation of meaning in language?
a. Linguistic context has no effect on the interpretation of meaning.
b. Linguistic context can clarify or disambiguate the meaning of a word or phrase.
c. Linguistic context can change the meaning of a word or phrase entirely.
d. Linguistic context is only relevant in written language, not spoken language.

14. What is semantic prosody?

a. The way in which the connotation of a word can be influenced by the words that typically occur with it.
b. The way in which the denotation of a word can be influenced by the words that typically occur with it.
c. The way in which a word's sense can be influenced by its syntactic context.
d. The way in which a word's reference can be influenced by its semantic field.

15. What is a semantic role?

a. The role that a word plays in a sentence with respect to the predicate.
b. The role that a word plays in a sentence with respect to the subject.
c. The role that a word plays in a sentence with respect to the object.
d. The role that a word plays in a sentence with respect to the adverb.

16. What is a semantic anomaly?

a. A sentence that is syntactically correct but makes no sense semantically.
b. A sentence that is both syntactically and semantically correct.
c. A sentence that is syntactically incorrect but makes sense semantically.
d. A sentence that is semantically correct but violates social norms.

17. What is the difference between a prototype and a schema in semantics?

a. A prototype is a mental image of a typical example of a category, while a schema is a mental framework for
organizing information about a category.
b. A prototype is a mental framework for organizing information about a category, while a schema is a mental
image of a typical example of a category.
c. A prototype and a schema are the same thing.
d. Neither a prototype nor a schema has anything to do with meaning in language.

18. What is a semantic network?

a. A model of the mental organization of concepts based on their semantic relationships.
b. A way of representing the syntactic structure of a sentence using a tree diagram.
c. A way of analyzing the prosody of spoken language.
d. A way of measuring the frequency of words in a corpus of language.

19. What is the difference between a natural kind and an artifact in semantics?
a. A natural kind is a type of object or entity that occurs in the natural world, while an artifact is a type of
object or entity that is created by humans.
b. A natural kind is a type of object or entity that is created by humans, while an artifact is a type of object or
entity that occurs in the natural world.
c. A natural kind and an artifact are the same thing.
d. Neither a natural kind nor an artifact has anything to do with meaning in language.

20. What is a semantic field?

a. A set of words that are related to each other in meaning and are used to describe a particular category or
concept.
b. A type of syntax that is used to analyze the structure of a sentence.
c. A way of pronouncing a word that is specific to a particular dialect.
d. A type of linguistic context that affects the interpretation of meaning.

Key answers
1. c. The study of meaning in language.
2. d. All of the above.
3. a. The study of the meaning of words and phrases in a language.
4. b. The meaning that is associated with a particular word or phrase in a given context.
5. c. Both a and b are true.
6. a. Synonymy.
7. d. All of the above.
8. b. Polysemy.
9. c. Hyponymy.
10. d. Homophony.
11. a. Sense relations.
12. a. The use of language to convey multiple, unrelated meanings with the same word.
13. b. Linguistic context can clarify or disambiguate the meaning of a word or phrase.
14. a. The way in which the connotation of a word can be influenced by the words that typically occur with it.
15. a. The role that a word plays in a sentence with respect to the predicate.
16. a. A sentence that is syntactically correct but makes no sense semantically.
17. a. A prototype is a mental image of a typical example of a category, while a schema is a mental framework
for organizing information about a category.
18.a. A model of the mental organization of concepts based on their semantic relationships.
19. a. A natural kind is a type of object or entity that occurs in the natural world, while an artifact is a type of
object or entity that is created by humans.
20. a. A set of words that are related to each other in meaning and are used to describe a particular category or
concept.