PROJECT REPORT

TOPIC: DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HITECH

SURVEY AND TRADITIONAL SURVEY HOW IS
HI-TECH SURVEY BEING CONDUCTED. ROLE OF
REVENUE OFFICIALS IN VERIFICATION, VALIDATION,
AND PREPARATION OF ROR AND MAPS UNDER
ODISHA SPECIAL SURVEY AND SETTLEMENT ACT &
RULE 2012

Submitted To : Submitted by :

Deputy Director Manoranjan Baghar

Revenue Officer Addl Tahasildar,

Reamal, Deogarh
Training Institute
Introduction To Hi-tech Survey
Hitech Survey is a process of survey through Modern Technology like Aerial
Photography, High Resolution Satellite Imagery,Differential Global Positioning
System (DGPS), Electronic Total Station (ETS). In Odisha it is carried out under
Odisha Special Survey and Settlement Act and Rule 2012.

In our society, ownership of land has an emotional and social value. In an agrarian
economy like ours, it is treated as an instrument for economic growth. Ownership
of land not only provides socio- economic security but also invests its owner with
certain privileges. In view of the above, survey, preparation and maintenance of
record of rights are important facets of revenue administration particularly for
odisha which is predominantly an agricultural economy.

The survey and settlement operations are being carried out in the State by
following conventional methods which are time consuming, cumbersome and
exorbitantly expensive. The very purpose of survey and settlement is defeated if
the operation takes a long time as changes in the ownership and status of land
are a continuous process.

Odisha Special Survey and Settlement Act, 2012 has been enacted which
provides for undertaking survey and settlement operations in the State by
adopting modern technology to minimize the time span without compromising
quality, transparency and grievance redressal The plot wise survey of a revenue
village is done by preparation of map through modern technology inclusive of
base mapping, demarcation of plots and ground truthing. In this Act in order to
ensure and facilitate active participation of the Land owners, opportunities are
afforded to make self declaration of the lands owned or held by them before the
concerned Tahasildars. The Act provides three stages viz; preliminary preparation
of RoR, draft preparation of RoR and final publication of RoR.

In order to ensure efficient, accurate and transparent delivery mechanism and

conflict resolution in ownership of land, an inbuilt computerized and digital
system of maintenance of record of rights including map is essential. To
accomplish this task, adequate provisions are made under the Act for
engagement of technically qualified persons (Licensed surveyors) on outsourcing
basis to prepare maps to scale, update maps prepared in course of cadastral and
revisional survey, prepare record of rights in post mapping stage, facilitate inter
connectivity among revenue offices etc. The Odisha Special Survey and
Settlement Rules, 2012 provides elaborate procedure to carry out the purposes
of the Act and also envisages to issue technical guidelines with regard to method
of survey by modern technology, works to be done during different stages of
survey and settlement operations, the manner of maintenance and making
available the record of rights and map of a revenue village in digital form to
interested persons and the technical aspects of work of the Licensed Surveyor.

Difference between Hi-tech Survey and Traditional Survey

In traditional Procedure Survey were being made manually using Gunter chain,
Plane Table method, Prismatic Compass and Theodolite. It was time consuming
and more cost and man power required.

Through Hi-Tech Survey the map is prepared digitally with highest level of
accuracy which can be preserved and updated digitally and Re-Survey is not
required. The map is Co-ordinate based having latitude and Longitude of each
point or location of the village which helps in post survey demarcation. This
Survey Process is less Time Consuming, Cost effective, and map prepared through
it is of high level accuracy.

Limitations of Traditional system of surveying

 Survey operations are not regular- gap between records and field reality
 Associated with human errors
 Out dated method- Low level of accuracy
 Areas above 10 degree slope can not be surveyed
 Time consuming- gap between measurement takenand final output
 Maps in paper form- difficulty in updation
 Reference point of land were subject to displacement.
Advantages of re-survey using modern technologies

 Maximum use of machines-errors due to human factors in survey and map

preparation are negated
 Availability of modern techniques which are more accurate, less time
consuming and cost effective.
 Coordinate based ground control points- no fear of misplacement.
 Final output in digital form- further updation

How is Hi-Tech Survey being conducted. Role of

Revenue Officials in verification, validation, and
preparation of RoR and maps under Odisha Special
Survey and Settlement Act & Rule 2012
Methods used in Hi-Tech Survey
These are of Three type

 Pure ground method using ETS & DGPS.

 Hybrid method using Aerial Photography and ground truthing by ETS &
DGPS.
 Hybrid method using High Resolution Satellite Imagery and ground truthing
by ETS & DGPS.

STEPS FOR RESURVEY

1. Ground control point (gcp) establishment – monumentation

2. Aerial photography or Tasking and acquisition of worldview stereo satellite
data, digitization of existing cadastral maps and authenticated up-to-date
record of rights (RoR)
3. Orthoimage generation and ground validation
4. Georeferencing of cadastral map for village boundary and area
confirmation
5. parcel vector generation from ortho-image
 6. Field validation of image derived parcel vector
7. Obscured area survey
8. Vectorisation and integration of mutation data up to the date of survey
notification
9. integration of field survey vector with image derived vector to
10.Generate the draft cadastral map
11.Finalisation of draft cadastral map

Establishment of Ground Control Point Network

 Primary GCPs- 16 km x 16 km
 Secondary GCPs- 4 km x 4 km
 Tertiary GCPS- 1 km x 1 km
 Primary and Secondary GCPs have permanent value and hence need to be
preserved.

Appointment of Vendor/ Agency

The Director Land Record and Survey will appoint one or more vendor/agency
having technical qualification of Survey and Preparatin of map and ROR.
Acquisition of Stereo Satellite Data/ Aerial Photographs
 Satellite data need to be procured from National Remote Sensing Agency,
Hyderabad.
 In other case the aerial photographs need to be taken by low flying aircrafts
loaded with GPS and high resolution camera.

Geo-referencing of Sabik Digital Cadastral Map and delineation of Village

boundary on the ortho-image

After completion of Geo-referencing, the Survey Team will delineate the

Village Boundary on the ortho-image; adjust, if required, the boundary vector
at, Edge Plots to ensure that it runs on the physical demarcation features and
finalize the Village Boundary on the image. The area computed from the newly
generated Village Boundary should be confirmed by the competent authority.
Preparatory work for Ground truthing and Obscure Area Survey
 Obscured areas and Gharabari Plots are to be surveyed on Ground using
ETS/ DGPS based on locally available GCPs after demarcation by concerned
Rl/ Amin in presence of land owners/enjoyers.
 Vectors generated from Ortho-Image & DGPS/ETS survey are to be
integrated to prepare draft Village Map.

Comparison of village area of cadastral map, ortho-image and RoR data

 Maximum tolerable limit – 2% between different sources of village area

 For the purpose, RoR data should be up to date
 In case of variation (above 2% tolerable limit) field survey is necessary for
boundary demarcation.
 Field survey is necessary if the village boundary falls under obscure areas or
incase large scale variation in the village boundaries. The area obtained
from filed survey will be treated as final
 Digitised cadastral maps of one tahasil georeferenced and verified

Generation of Draft Village Map and RoR :

After compliance of the orders of the Camp Officer/ Tahasildar relating to one
Village, the survey team shall furnish Village Map complete with integration of
textual data, plot schedule with area and corresponding Sabik reference in Form
No.06 (T) to the Tahasildar.

QUALITY CHECKING :

 The QC checks will be done by ORSAC QC team in following stages or as

when required:
 After generation of ortho-image.
 After geo-referencing of 'Sabik' cadastral maps with the image:
Georeferencing of individual parcels and the village as a whole for
delineation/demarcation of village boundary.
 After plot vector generation and prior to ground truthing/verification:
  The geometry of parcels, the village boundary, matched andmismatched
plots as seen on the image.
 Before submission of Draft Map to Tahasil for verification: The village
incompleteness, correctness of matched and mismatched parcels as
identified by the vendor.
 Before final submission: Village map as a whole and the statistics after
 RoR linkage and 'Khanapuri Operation'.
 Some of the bund dimensions will be verified by ORSAC for ensuring
correctness and quality of survey by the vendor.

Pre-Survey activities
It includes

 Notification of villages to be covered under Hi-tech surveyoperation by

Revenue & DM Department
 Planning and execution of awareness meetings at village level associating
the vendor
 Proclamation in Form No.1 by Tahasildar under Section-3 (2) of OSS&S Act,
2012
 Soliciting self-declaration in Form-2 from the land owners Rule 6 (1) of
OSS&S Rules, 2012 within 30 working days from the date of notification
 Verification of self-declaration by Tahasildar/ Additional Tahasildar.
 After verification Tahasildar prepare a verification certificate register in
Form-3.
 If self declaration could not be verified due to non availability of record or
due to dispute, It is to be entered in separate register in Form No- 4

Verification of Map so prepared by Vendor under Rule 7(3)

 Vendor to Submission of map so prepared to Tahasildar for verification
indicating plot numbers ofexisting map/RoR and a comparative statement of
image derived parcel area with RoR area in Form 6-T.
 The Amin shall verify cent percent plots of the map and Revenue Inspector,
Revenue Supervisor, Tahasildar and Sub Collector shall randomly check
25%,10% 2% 1%.(Rule 7(3))
 The map after necessary correction shall be displayed inLocality and GP office
and Tahasil Office.
Preparation of preliminary RoR
 Team of persons shall be Constituted by Sub-Collector for preparation of
Preliminary RoR headed by a Revenue Supervisor.

Steps for preparation of prelim ROR

 Preparation of abstract of RoR and plot register in Form-5 & 6

 Re-verification of self-declarations with reference to above abstract and plot
register and available records
 Physical verification of all plots and noting of all changes in respect of
configuration, area, boundaries and ownerships.
 Vendor personnel shall assist the team of persons in demarcation of plots
during the process Team of persons must ensure incorporation of all plots in
existing RoR and those obtained from self declarations in the draft map so
prepared
 Sub-divided plots need to be marked in broken lines Digital updation of village
map upto a cut-off date i.e. till publication of draft RoR by Tahasildar
 Preparation of land owner wise preliminary RoR in Form-7
 Generation of LPM of hal plots and serving of same to land owners and officers
of other Departments in Form-4(T) with display for public scrutiny for 15 days
 Soliciting claims and objections within 15 days in Form-8 Disposal of all claims
and objections by Tahasildar in a summary manner within a maximum period
of 30 working days of receipt of the same ( Rule-10)
 The vendor surveyor shall assist the Tahasildar for disposal of objection cases
which may require parcel measurement

Draft Record of Rights

 Draft RoR shall be prepared in Form-12 stating the orders passed in respect of
claims and objections and shall be published for a period of 30 days (Rule-12)
 Public notice shall be issued in Form-13 inviting claims and objections within a
period of 30 days
 Disposal of claims and objections in a summary manner shall be done by Addl.
Sub-Collector on the basis of available records, documentary evidence and
spot verification if needed within 60 days of filing of such claims/objections
Recess
 Addition and alterations in the draft RoR per the orders passed by Addl. Sub-
Collector
 Addition and alterations in the draft RoR per the orders passed by Addl. Sub-
Collector
 Checking and verification of area of each plot and area and boundaries of each
revenue village to ensure its correctness both in RoR and in maps.
 Passing of new area by Tahasildar
 Preparation of abstract of new RoR in Form-18 and new plot Register in Form-
19
 Preparation of copies of RoR in quadruplicates for final Publication

Final Record of Rights

 Final RoR will be published in Form-20 under seal and signature of Collector
and shall be placed for public inspection for 30 days
 Both soft & hard copies shall be prepared by the vendor for distribution among
land owner,RI, Tahasildar, Collector and DLR&S
 Any person can file claim/objection against the entries of final RoR within 90
days of publication of final RoR before the ADM
 Disposal of claims and objections in a summary manner by ADM on the basis
of available records, documentary evidence and spot verification if needed
within 90 days of filing of such claims/objections.

After final publication of RoR and map, the soft copy and hard copy of RoR (Form
20, of O.S.S & S. Rules, 2012) shall be prepared by the Survey Team and handed
over to the Tahasildar for distribution as mentioned below :

1. Softcopy and hardcopy of both RoR and map to concerned Tahsildar.

2. Softcopy and hardcopy of both RoR and map to concernedCollector.
3. Softcopy and hardcopy of RoR and hardcopy of map to concerned RI
4. Hard copy of RoR for Individual Land Owners.
Progress in Odisha
After successfully piloting high-tech land survey in nine districts, the State
Government has decided to roll it out to other districts. The Revenue
department has been asked to work out a detailed project report (DPR) for
undertaking high-tech survey of the land in the entire State

Meanwhile, Record of Rights (RoR) of all 51,675 revenue villages have been
computerised and put online in Bhulekh website. Maps of 51,612 villages have
been also digitised and uploaded in the website.

Modern record rooms have been developed in 279 out of 317 tahasils and steps
have been taken to develop similar facility in rest of the tahasils