VX Spectra Soft Doc 2

Introduction Page 1 of 63
Introduction Top Next
Vx Spectra Service Manager

Introduction
What is Vx Spectra Service Manager ?
Contacting Us
How to install Vx Spectra Service Manager ?
Download Installation File
Installation
Overview
Top Menu
Navigation
Status
Getting Started
Start Up
Preferences
General
Custom Units
Unit Sets
Servers
Clients
Job
Properties
Settings
Connection
Configuration
Editor
Meter Settings
Well Profile
Time & Date
DAFC Units & Logging
Model Settings
Alarm Limits
System
Transmitters
Gamma
Reference
Meter Output
Metering
Flow Rates
Ratios and Holdups
Fluid Properties
Cumulation
Trends
Triangle
Gamma
Diagnostics
QCI
Service
File Transfer
What is Vx Spectra Service Manager for Client? Top Previous Next
The application software of the Vx Spectra consists of two major parts; the Data Acquisition Flow Computer (DAFC) and the Vx Spectra Service Manager for Client (VxSM Client).
Figures 1 gives a schematic overview of the system with respect to software and instrumentation.
file:///C:/Users/Maintenance/AppData/Local/Temp/~hhC534.htm 04/04/2024
Figure 1 - Vx Spectra system.
The Vx Spectra Service Manager for Client application runs on a Windows platform, and is the Graphical User Interface (GUI) from where the Vx Spectra is operated.
Once connected to the DAFC, the state of the DAFC will be transparent via the VxSM to the operator and appear to the operator as one system.
Note! The Vx Spectra Service Manager for Client is not compatible with PhaseTester Vx and PhaseWatcher Vx DAFC systems.
Contacting Us Top Previous Next
Client End-Users:
Please contact us via the Contact page at the Schlumberger website (www.slb.com) or through your local Schlumberger representative.
How to install Vx Spectra Service Manager for Client? Top Previous Next
In this section you will learn about:
Download Installation File

Installation
Download Installation File Top Previous Next
Client End-Users:
To obtain the installation files, please contact us via the Contact page at the Schlumberger website (www.slb.com) or through your local Schlumberger representative.
Installation Top Previous Next
After you click on the VxSMClientInstaller.msi program, the dialog box below will pop up to guide you through the installation.
Click on button to start the installation.
Select the installation folder by typing the folder path in the Folder field or by browsing to an existing folder.
Click on button and you will have to confirm installation.
Click on button and the installation starts to copy the necessary files into the destination folder.
When completed, click on Close to finish.
Overview Top Previous Next
In this section you will perform a general overview of the main menu of the Vx Spectra Service Manager software.
Top Menu
Navigation
Status
Top Menu Top Previous Next
The top menu and tool bar looks like this:
If, however, you have the Editor page open - the top menu will look like this - with the additional Editor menu:
The main menu bar:

Icon Description Short Key
Create new job Ctrl+N
Open existing job Ctrl+O
Save current job Ctrl+S
Download a complete
configuration to the DAFC, from
file
Connect, establish connection
with DAFC
Disconnect, terminate the
connection with DAFC
DAFC softboot, reboot the DAFC
(soft boot - no power cycle)
Opens the help dialogs F1
File menu:
Menu Item Description Short Key

New Job... Create new job Ctrl+N
Open Job... Open existing job Ctrl+O
Save Job Save current job Ctrl+S
Save current DAFC configuration Save the current DAFC configuration to file
Exit Exit application
Tools menu:
Menu Item Description

DAFC License... View and update DAFC license (the license file on Vx Spectra
DAFC)
Configuration Brings up a conversion tool, that enables conversion from old
converter... configuration file format (.cnf files) to new format (.vxcnf)
Generate system This will generate an XML file with all information available to the
diagnostics file... VxSM, regarding configuration, setup, serial numbers and versions
in the system. If you experience problems and require help - this
file should be sent to support as part of the request.
Empty Pipe Brings up the Empty Pipe Database editor. In this editor you can
Database... view the entries in the database and delete one or more of them.
Additional View - This will bring up a separate trend window. The window will be
Trend identical and have the same functionality as the trend page.
Additional View - This will bring up a separate triangle window. The window will be
Triangle identical and have the same functionality as the triangle page.
When you click on DAFC License, a pop up window appears showing all DAFC license information. You can update the DAFC license by pressing button
and browse for the new license file.
When you click on Empty Pipe Database..., a pop up window with the Empty Pipe Database editor appears. The data in this database are used
for Empty Pipe historical consistency check during an Empty Pipe reference session.
The information in this editor is read only, the only alterations you can do in the database is to delete one or more records (Empty Pipe results).
Select the row(s) with the Empty Pipe data you want to delete and press the Delete button. These Empty Pipe data records will then be deleted from the
database and no longer taken into account for the Empty Pipe Historical Data Consistency check performed during next Empty Pipe reference session.
Connection menu:

Connect Establish connection with DAFC
Disconnect Terminate the connection with DAFC
DAFC softboot Reboot the DAFC (soft boot - no power cycle)
Logging menu:

Start Start logging on the PC
Stop Stop logging on the PC
Start fixed Start logging for a fixed period on the PC
Create log files snapshot During logging - this command will create
a snapshot folder under your log

destination folder. In this folder you will
find a snapshot of the current log files -
and this will enable you to start post
processing your data without terminating
the ongoing logging.
When you click on Start fixed, a pop up window appears asking for the desired period of time you want to log.
View menu:
This menu contains pointers to all of the pages reachable from the navigation bar - and gives the user the possibility to switch pages by using the keyboard only.
Help menu:
Menu Description Short

Item Key
Help Opens the help dialogs F1
About Display a dialog box showing the Build information and software versions
of the different components
Editor menu (context sensitive - only shows when Editor page is active):

Open Opens a configuration file and displays in a tab on Editor page
configuration
file...
Save configuration Saves the active tab in Editor to file (either the current DAFC
file configuration, or an opened configuration file)
Save configuration Saves the active tab in Editor to file (either the current DAFC
file As... configuration, or an opened configuration file) - always asking
for file name of new file
Navigation Top Previous Next
The Navigation bar gives the user the ability to easily navigate between the different application pages. The same navigation can also be done from the View menu.
The different groups of the Navigation bar can be collapsed and expanded by pressing the arrows right next to the group name:
In collapsed state:
Getting Started:
Click here for more information about the Getting Started section.
Job:
Click here for more information about the Job section.
Configuration:
Click here for more information about the Configuration section.
Meter Output:
Click here for more information about the Meter Output section.
Service:
Click here for more information about the Service section.
Status Top Previous Next
The Status section consists of the status bar plus 4 pop-up tab folders:
The following information can be found on the status bar:
• IP address on connected DAFC

• Connected DAFC type:
§ DAFC MK4
• Mode and Fluid model
• Date and Time on connected DAFC
• Status icons (from left to right):
§ DAFC logging ON
§ VxSM logging ON
§ Active alarms ON
§ Connection status
To open the different pop-up tabs, simply click on the flip folder for that tab.
The window can be pinned down (locked open) by pressing the pin in the upper right corner of the window:
The window is then docked to the lower part of your page. To release (undock) - press the pin again.
The different pop-up tab folders are described below:
Alarms active tab:
If there are no active alarms in the system, then the color of the icon for "Alarms active" tab will be blue and the tab looks like this:
If there are any active alarms - meaning that the latched status of any alarm is ON, then the color of the icon for "Alarms active" tab will be yellow, the number of active alarms will be
indicated in text and the tab looks like this:
To reset any latched alarms - press the "Reset alarms" button in either the "Alarms active" or "Alarm log" tab windows.
Alarm log tab:

All alarms that have occurred in the system since you connected to the DAFC are logged to file - as well as to this log window. The log window will be cleared when you connect to a
different DAFC (new IP address) or at application restart.
Event log tab:

The event log logs all configuration changes performed:
Action log tab:

The action log logs all user actions performed. It also contain the option to enter a user comment - by pressing the "Add user comment..." button.
Getting Started Top Previous Next
The Getting Started group is the first group on the navigation bar.
In this section you will learn about the functions and features of the following pages:
Start Up
Preferences
Start Up Top Previous Next
The Start Up page is the entry point to the application - you will always start at this page when starting the application. This page allows the operator to:
1. Create a New Job

2. Open an existing Job from a Job file on disk
3. Select a Recent job
To create a new job just press button and enter all the information required for the job folder in the box below.
• Root Folder
• Client
• Location
• Well
You may enter all the information - or just some fields. Also you can choose to use some or none of the fields to build the job folder path, by using the check boxes to the right
of the input fields.
To open an existing job you just have to press button and browse for the job file (extension ".smj").
To open a recent job just select and click the desired job in the recent job list, as shown below.
Also you will find all these Job options in the File menu.
Preferences Top Previous Next
General
Custom Units
Unit Sets
Servers
Clients
General Top Previous Next
In General page you will be able to view settings in Vx Spectra Service Manager.
Auto Options
This section allows the operator to view some automatic options in the Vx Spectra Service Manager software. These settings are non configurable. Service Manager does not
automatically connect to the DAFC when application starts (will use the previous Job and IP address - from last time VxSM was running). Logging automatically starts as soon as
application connects to DAFC.
PC File & Disk management
PC File & Disk Management allow you to configure how often you want to break (auto stop and start again) log files, configure at what time log files are closed and new files are
generated, set warning & alarm levels for remaining disk space and what to do when disk is full.
Note: This applies to the logging performed at the PC (VxSM logging) - there is a similar setting for the DAFC side logging under "Meter Settings" page.
Trend Data History
The "Keep trend history for" value indicates the maximum length of trend history to keep in the database.
To flush all history, press the "Flush" button (only available when connected, otherwise the database is already empty).
Note: All history in trends will be lost !
Notifications
By default we indicate active alarms and ongoing logging activity with the small icons on status bar and even more visible notifications are displayed
Enabling these features will give you the additional status indication on toolbar as shown in this picture:
Custom Units Top Previous Next
The Custom Units page allow you to customize units.
To create a new unit: click the button and type all the information required like Unit Type, Unit Label and Factors (for a formula y = Ax +B) in the dialog box and
click button to continue.
To edit an existing unit: select the unit in the list and press the button, this dialog box will appear and you may edit the Unit Label and Factors.
To delete an existing unit; select the unit in the list and press the button - the confirm deletion by pressing .
Unit Sets Top Previous Next
The Unit Sets page allows you to compose your own unit sets, and also gives an overview of the standard unit sets that comes with the software.
The standard unit sets are fixed, and not possible to edit. In the list you will see that the text is greyed out and the inputs are read only.
Custom unit sets.

1. This page allows you to create a new Unit Set.
2. Also allows you to Edit and Delete an existing set.
Create a new Unit Set if none of the standard unit sets cover your needs;
press the button.
In the pop up dialog box you will need to enter some information:
• Enter the Name and Description for your new Unit Set.
• Enter the default precision to apply.
• Select which unit set to base your copy on.
Once you added your new Unit Set you will be able to change the units and precisions for each unit group.
Edit an existing unit set by pressing button and edit the desired information in the dialog box below. Nota that it is not possible to change the default precision at
this time.
Delete an existing unit set by pressing button and confirm deletion.
Servers Top Previous Next
The VxSM incorporates an OPC server, which offers the following data:
• DAFC date & Time.

• DAFC system alarms, model alarms and status.
• Volumetric flow rates.
• Volumetric fractions.
• Mass flow rates.
• Cumulative values, volumetric and mass.
• Densities and viscosities.
• Ratios.
• PVT model outputs.
• Gamma Detector data.
• Transmitter values.
• Diagnostics data.
• Triangle points and operating point.
• Unit set in use for OPC.
• Configuration name.
• Reference data and compositions.
The units for the OPC server interface are set in section Settings page.
To outputs to the server are enabled by default and is not configurable
Please refer to the OPC Interface Vx Spectra Service Manager document for additional details.
MCM Link
MCM link feature is designed for communication with other Schlumberger systems. This feature is disabled on Vx Service Manager for Client.
Clients Top Previous Next
The Clients page allows you to Add or Delete client and client's contact information.
The clients and contacts added here are selectable when you later create a new Job.
To create a new client just press button and type the client's name.
To Delete an existing client just select it first and then press button.
To create the client contact just select the desired client and press button in the box below and type all the client information.
• Name
• Telephone
• Mobile phone
• E-mail
• Fax
Job Top Previous Next
The Job group is the second group on the navigation bar - and contains information about the current Job, as well as settings for the job and the connection page.
In this section you will learn about the functions and features of the following:
Properties
Settings
Connection
Properties Top Previous Next
In the Properties page you will be able to verify all general information about:
The Job
• Job number
• Client name
• Location name
• Well name
• Job folder
• Date & time the Job was created and last modified
There is an option to o log all FP data in same folder (for all FPs), or put every FP data in separate folders: This is enabled by default.
Current location and duration of logging is shown:
Press this button to open the Job folder in a standard explorer window:
The Job Folder
When creating a new job a Job Folder is made. All job related data, like configuration and log files, are stored in a defined file and folder structure.
It is recommended to keep the structure for later post processing.
The Job Folder is made when the job is created.

Default Job Folder is:
C:\Documents and Settings\<user>\My Documents\Vx\Jobs\<client>\<location>\<well>\Job<xxx>
Where
user is the Windows user name
client selected client name, defined in the Clients page
location represents the well location
well represents the well name
xxx is an increasing index starting with 001
The following files are stored in the Job Folder:
<YYJJJ_LLL>.dd
<YYJJJ_LLL>.fp
<YYJJJ_LLL>.hd
<YYJJJ_LLL>.hdr
<YYJJJ_LLL>.smj
<YYJJJ_LLL>.vxaction
<YYJJJ_LLL>.vxalarms
<YYJJJ_LLL>.vxevents
Where
YY represents year, f ex 01
JJJ represents job number
LLL represents three first characters of location
Diagnostics Data file (.dd)

The diagnostics data file is a tab separated ASCII file that contains diagnostics data (e.g. DAFC temperature, GD High Voltage, etc.) from DAFC and GD system averaged over 1
minute.
Fluid Properties file (.fd)

The fluid properties file is a tab separated ASCII file that contains all fluid properties in the configuration and all changes to this in time. One line holds all fluid parameters, time
stamped. Each time one of these changes, a new line of data is added to the file, with the new set of parameters.
High definition file (.hd)

The high definition file is a tab separated ASCII file that contains output data averaged over 1 minute.
Header file (.hdr)

The header file is an ASCII file that contains job information.
Solution file (.smj)

The VxSM job file (XML) - containing all properties for the job.
Alarm file (.vxalarms)
Detected alarms are logged to the alarm file and listed in the Alarm log tabs. For a complete list of alarms, please refer to the DAFC User Manual.
Event file (.vxevents)

All model events (changes) that will have impact on the outputs from the interpretation model are logged to the event file and listed in the Event log tab. This event file is used as
interpretation model input for post processing. For a complete list of events, please refer to the DAFC User Manual.
The Flow Periods
For each log session (flow period) a new folder is added to the Job Folder.
The new folder name is FPxxx.
Where
xxx is an increasing flow period index starting at 001
The following files are stored in Flow Period folder:
<configuration name>-wp<NNN>-<date>-<time>.vxbin
<configuration name>-wp<NNN>-<date>-<time>.vxcnf
<configuration name>-wp<NNN>-<date>-<time>.vxlog
Where:
NNN represents the well profile number (000 - 999)
<date> date on format “ddMMMyyyy” (MMM = month in text, 3 characters)
<time> time on format “hhmmss”.
Binary file (.vxbin)

Contains Vx raw data for the entire flow period - both nuclear and transmitter data.
Configuration file (.vxcnf)
Contains encrypted Vx configuration data that represent the state of the Vx Model when logging is started.
Log file (.vxlog)

Contains Vx log data for the entire flow period in readable ASCII text format.
Settings Top Previous Next
In the Settings page you will be able to configure the unit sets to use in:
• User Interface
• Log Files
• OPC Server
The selectable unit sets comes from your defined unit sets list in Preferences-Unit sets page, and consist of both standard and custom unit sets.
Log Settings
The logging option to log all raw data and calculated data is enabled by default and is not configurable . The output rate can be configured ,to modify the same input a value for the
field Output calculated data every(s) and save the project.
Connection Top Previous Next
The Connection pages consist of 3 tab pages:
• General
• Advanced
• Statistics
General tab
This is where you set up your connection parameters and initiate a connection towards the DAFC.
Valid communication settings must be enter for
• IP address
• Timeout
• Max Retransmissions
The IP address must be set to the IP address of the DAFC you want to communicate with. The most recently used addresses are available from a drop down list.
The default settings for timeout and retransmissions will normally be sufficient, but in configurations with long delay or low baud rate (serial) these settings should be adapted to the
link.
You will also find some status information; connection status, traffic indication and the date and time connection was established.
Green Connected light indicates connection OK.

Yellow blinks in Traffic light indicates data received/sent on link.
To connect; push button or you go to Connection in the top menu.
After the connection is established, the VxSM will check whether the time on DAFC is synchronized with its own system clock. If time difference is detected, VxSM will ask if you want
to set it's own system time to DAFC.
Note: It's crucial to make sure that the time on DAFC is set correctly.
Statistics tab
This tab contains statistics information regarding the communication quality, and amount of data being sent/received on the link.
Configuration Top Previous Next
The Configuration group is the third group on the navigation bar - and contains all the pages where the user may configure the meter - either the Vx model, alarm limits or DAFC
settings.
Editor
Meter Settings
Model Settings
Alarm Limits
References
Editor Top Previous Next
The Editor page allows an operator to view all configurable parameters of the Vx Spectra - model, alarm and DAFC setup. The editor is the only tool that can open a configuration file for viewing, since th
encrypted file.
If the Client Access Mode license is enabled then the operator can modify all configurable parameters of the Vx Spectra and save the configuration to the DAFC. The status of client Access mode is disp
only when it is enabled.
If the Client Access Mode license is disabled the operator cannot modify the configurable parameters of the Vx Spectra but can view them.
As long as you are connected to the DAFC, the current DAFC configuration is reflected in the first tab in the Editor:
When the Editor page is active, a new menu group on your top menu becomes visible:
If the Client Access Mode is enabled and the operator downloads the modified configuration to the DAFC the message "Performance is not guaranteed by Schlumberger when the meter
a Third Party. Do you want to continue?
is displayed. When the operator proceeds by selecting "Yes" the DAFC is updated with the new configuration.
It is recommended to review the parameters before updating the DAFC. Note that this can affect the performance of the meter!
If the Client Access Mode is disabled and the operator downloads the modified configuration to the DAFC the message "This feature is not supported" is displayed.
You may also open other configuration files to compare, copy and paste parameters, etc:
The Editor page also allow the operator to view Vx Fluid ID files by just pressing button and browse the corresponding file.
And also allows to load Phase Sampler Data by pressing and then press to be able to load it.
Meter Settings Top Previous Next
Well Profile
Time & Date
DAFC Units & Logging
Well Profile Top Previous Next
A well profile is a configuration file on the DAFC. Different well profile should be defined when using the same meter on different wells. Changing the well profile on the DAFC will
trigger a reboot of the DAFC.
When connected to the DAFC, this page will list all the well profiles defined on the DAFC.
The "Select" button is disabled when the current well profile is highlighted in the list (since this is already selected).
To select a different well profile on the DAFC, simply select it in the list and press the
button (DAFC will restart).
If the Client Access Mode license is enabled then the "New" button is enabled and a new well profile can be configured.
If the Client Access Mode license is disabled then the "New" button is disabled.
To Edit the well profile press button and you will be able to change the configuration name.
It is recommended to give the different well profiles unique name like the well name, as it then will be easier to distinguish them.
The button will refresh the list of available well profiles on the DAFC .
Time & Date Top Previous Next
In the Time & Date page you will be able to set the time and date of the DAFC.
To modify the time and date just click on the field you wish to change and do either of the following:
• write in the new value
• use up/down arrows on your keyboard
• use the selector button
Also you can modify the date by pressing selector button and select the day and month.
Tip: to set the DAFC time & date equal to you PC clock, just press this button:
To set the new time & date on DAFC press the button.
Units & Logging Top Previous Next
The DAFC Units & Logging page allow the operator to view some settings on the DAFC.
You will be able to modify the Unit Set to be used for:
• DAFC Log files (calculated data - .vxlog)

• DAFC Client Interface (Modbus)
• DAFC Local display
To log all raw data and/or calculated data and the rate for output of calculated data to file. This is enabled by default at the output rate of 60 seconds and is not configurable.
Note: The logging options is only available if a DAFC log disk is installed.
File & Disk management ensures that log files in the DAFC are never longer than 24 hours and allow you to view at what time log files are closed and new files generated. The
options are not configuirable
Allow you to view Warning / alarm levels for DAFC log disk space.
And what to do when disk is full.
Model Settings Top Previous Next
In this Model Settings window the operator will be able to view all Vx Model setting.
If the Client Access Mode license is enabled then the operator can modify all model parameters of the Vx Spectra and save the configuration to the DAFC.
If the Client Access Mode license is disabled the operator cannot modify the configurable parameters of the Vx Spectra but can view them.
From version 4.6.7.1 of the software one single flow interpretative model called Full Range Mode is used for computation. It covers all flowing conditions from 0% to 100% GVF.
If the Client Access Mode is enabled and the operator downloads the modified configuration to the DAFC the message "Performance is not guaranteed by Schlumberger when the meter
configuration is created or overwritten by a Third Party. Do you want to continue?
is displayed. When the operator proceeds by selecting "Yes" the DAFC is updated with the new configuration.
Alarm Limits Top Previous Next
There are a number of alarms that are triggered on the DAFC, for system, transmitters and Gamma detector. The alarm limits are configured in the following pages:
System
Transmitters
Gamma
System Top Previous Next
The System page lists all high and low alarm limits for the DAFC system.
It allow you to modify all system alarm limits and some alarms for dynamic DP.
Press button to update DAFC with new alarms settings.
Transmitter Top Previous Next
The Transmitter page lists all high and low alarm limits for all the Transmitters.
It allow you to modify all transmitter alarm limits. The list is dynamic - and will show alarm limits for all configured transmitters.
Press button to update DAFC with new alarms settings.
Gamma Top Previous Next
The Gamma page lists all high and low alarm limits for the Gamma Detector.
It allow you to view all gamma detector alarm limits.
References Top Previous Next
If the Client Access Mode license is enabled then the operator can make reference. If the Client Access Mode license is disabled the operator cannot make reference. The Make reference and the Flush ref
Before the Vx Meter can start to do measurements, a proper reference for the nuclear measurements must be made.
Always make sure that the DAFC time is properly set before an empty pipe reference is made.
Gamma detector should be temperature stabilized on expected operating temperature before a reference is generated – please refer to the Gamma section for details.
Empty Pipe (vacuum point) Reference

During an empty pipe reference, the objective is to determine the vacuum point count rates for the system. It is essential that the correct gas (Air or N2) is selected as it is compensated for the density of
rates. The fundamental equation for back calculating to vacuum count rate is:
Where:
N0 Vacuum count rate for the actual energy level
t Time in seconds
N Number of counts
Mass attenuation
Gas density, function of Pressure and Temperature
d Venturi throat diameter
Please refer to Empty pipe Reference Measurement Procedure for details on how to physically prepare for and perform the Empty Pipe Reference Measurement step by step. This document also includes t
measurement.
Fluid Point Reference

The objective with a fluid point reference is to establish the mass attenuation for the three energy levels of the gamma source. The mass attenuation is a function of the vacuum count rate and the densit
is:
Where:
Mass attenuation
Fluid density, function of Pressure and Temperature
d Venturi throat diameter
N Count rate for actual fluid
N0 Vacuum count rate
Please refer to In Situ Fluid Reference Measurement Procedure for details on how to physically prepare for and perform In Situ Fluid Reference Measurements, step by step. This document also includes th
measurement.
The PVT model must be properly configured prior to a fluid point reference session to ensure a correct result, as the PVT model is used to calculate the fluid densities used. If Live
system, and the correction for ‘dead’ fluids will be used instead.
Zero trim of DPV

A proper zero trim of the differential pressure transmitter (DPV) is essential for accurate flow rate measurements. The general reference for the DPV refers to static air-filled vertically positioned venturi a
and low pressure tapping connected.
When a zero trim is performed under these conditions, the input field DP Offset in the Model Settings page should be zero, independent of the transmitter being equipped with remote seals or
liquid).
The method described above is what will be used in most cases. Only in some special situations the below described method may have to be used.
Compensation for drift in DP measurement

In some permanent installations, subsea or topside, it may be very difficult to have the meter in reference conditions to perform a proper zero trim. The input field DP Offset in the Model
compensate for drift in DPV transmitter.
The example below illustrates a case of a 52 mm Vx meter:

Example: Zero trim is performed with liquid of known density inside the venturi (52mm),
kg/m³.
Note that the venturi must be filled such that both high and low pressure tappings are
covered and no flow should go through the meter.
Reference settings
In Model Settings, each phase has following reference options:
• From in situ:
Mass attenuations made from reference measurements. As described in this section.
• From composition:
Mass attenuation calculated from compositions in Model Settings.
• From manual input:
Mass attenuation numbers is manual set by the operator.
The reference choice in the Model Settings are also visible on the reference page. Currently used mass attenuation numbers (used by the model) are black, while mass attenuation numbers not
illustrated in the example below.
Example:
- Mode Settings page:
- Reference page:
To start making a reference: Select the type of reference you want to perform.
Ensure the correct venturi size.
Enter fixed Line Temperature or set it to use dynamic TL inputs.

For the Empty Pipe, enter the Source Number or choose the one from the drop-down list.
For the Oil In-Situ, you can select to perform it with a special reference tool designed for high viscosity oil wells. To use this special reference tool, see more on this page under "In
DAFC does not support special reference tool, this field is not selectable.
For the Water In-Situ reference, you can select to perform it with a special reference tool designed for high salinity water in the well. If the DAFC does not support special reference tool, this field is no
tool, see more on this page under "In-Situ Reference with special reference tool"
For the Gas In-Situ reference, you can select to to use TL temperature or fixed Input temperature.
Empty Pipe Reference

Gas In-situ Reference
Oil In-Situ reference Water In-situ reference
The window for the Empty Pipe reference shown below allows you to monitor:
• Linearised Count Rate

• Relative Standard Deviation / Standard Deviation
• Line Pressure and Temperature
• Reference status
• Empty pipe historical data consistency status
• Estimated remaining time for both Vx modes
• Time and Date
• Low LE count indication (lights up red)
The state of the Historical Data Consistency LED is defined by the following diagram:
The window for the In-situ reference shown below allows you to monitor:
• Mass Attenuation
• Relative Standard Deviation / Standard Deviation
• Linearised Count Rate
• Line Pressure and Temperature
• Density (only for in situs)

• Reference status
• Estimated remaining time for both Vx modes
• Time and Date
• Low LE count indication (lights up red)
To finish the reference press button - then confirm if you want to update the data on the meter.
In-Situ Reference with special reference tool

Flowchart when using special reference tool.
When using special reference tool, the tool need to be inserted into the venturi first. The user will be asked to place the tool into the venturi, before an empty pipe with the tool is performed. The steps ar
YES, in order to start the ref tool job.
Confirm High salinity reference tool
Confirm High viscosity reference tool
After it has been placed, we need to run an empty pipe to have a right reference for the actual in-situ reference afterwards. This GUI is similar to a normal empty pipe, other than the heading of window.
Special reference Empty Pipe
After the empty pipe is performed, the liquid (oil or water) has be filled into the tool. Now the in-situ reference can continue, and calculate the proper mass attenuations. If the user presses No to perform
reference, the reference session is canceled.
Perform Oil reference after high viscosity reference tool empty pipe
Perform Water reference after high salinity reference tool empty pipe
Meter Output Previous Top Next
The Meter Output group is the forth group on the navigation bar - and contains all pages with meter output data.
Metering
Cumulation
Trends
Triangle
Gamma
Diagnostic
QCI
Metering Previous Top Next
The Metering section displays numeric values of the output from the interpretation model and holds values for densities, viscosities and transmitter process.
Flow Rates
Ratios
Fluid Properties
Transmitters
Standard conditions for output data refer to:

Pressure 1.01325 bara / 14.696 psia
Temperature 15.56 DegC / 60 DegF
Flow Rates Top Previous Next
This Flow Rates window contains meter output for all volumetric flow, mass flow and holdup tags.
Ratios and Holdups Top Previous Next
This Ratios window contains meter output for all ratio tags.
Top Previous Next
Fluid Properties
This Fluid properties window contains meter output for all densities, viscosities and model output tags.
Transmitters Top Previous Next
This Transmitter window contains meter output for all transmitter tags.
Transmitters with Line Temperature has an icon in front, as shown above. Transfer functions are typically used if a transmitter has a faulty/offset measurements.
Hold mouse over icon to view expression. Also refer to Editor to see how to set transfer functions for transmitter data.
Dynamic DP
One parameter that is important for the performance and accuracy of the meter is the ‘Dynamic DP’. It must be above 5 mbar in average before outputs are calculated and it should
be minimum 50 mbar to ensure that flow rates are calculated accurately. Dynamic DP is the flow-induced part of the DP read over the Venturi, and it is calculated according to the
equation below:
Cumulation Top Previous Next
The Cumulation page allow you to verify and validate all cumulative volumetric and mass flow rates as well as reset them (Periodic and manual).
To reset manually all these cumulative values just press button.
Periodic resets are set in the dialog box that appears pressing button. Set the hours and minutes for first reset, and the interval (period) for following resets
( hours,days or week).
Trends Top Previous Next
This Trend page allow the operator to configure trend graphs for the job.
Note: The trend graph configuration window may be collapsed by pressing the in the upper right corner. By doing this your trend plots may fill the whole page. To bring the
configuration tool back up, simply press the tab folder on top:
You may add as many trend graphs as you want, by pressing the Add button:
The trend graphs appear in separate tabs:
To add tags to plot in a trend graph, simply select the tag(s) you want from the tag list window:
Select the trend graph you want to add the tags to, by selecting it from the trends list:
Then use either the "Add tag(s) to trend(s)" button:
...or use right-click menu in tags list:
Another option is to select the tags and drag (mouse click-and-hold - drag) them into the desired trend graph node in the trend graph list.
When added to a trend, they will appear under that node, and can be viewed in the corresponding trend plot.
To remove tags from a trend, use the remove button:
This same button will also remove a trend, if selected on the list.
Also note that there are context sensitive right-click menus available in the "Tags in Trends" list:
(for trend graphs)
(for tags)
By clicking any tag in the trend graph list, you will be able to configure some plot settings like pen color, filtering Y-axes scales.
Change pen color:

1. Click on the colored area
2. Select a new color and press the OK button.
Apply filter:
1. Check the check-box
2. Select desired filter coefficient
3. Click the Apply button
Remove filter:
1. Uncheck the check-box
2. Click the Apply button
By clicking any trend in the trend graph list, you will be able to change the time-line span.
Select Auto scale to change the time-line span.
Unselect Auto scale to change the From or To date and time.
The following section allow you to select which trend you wish to visualize.
Also there is a graph menu which allow you to get a better set up and visualization of the trend graph.
This Graph menu allow the operator to:
Triangle Top Previous Next
The Solution Triangle window displays the operating envelope for the gamma detector, outlined by oil, water and gas fluid reference point as well as the operating point - all
expressed in linear attenuation.
Note that there is a graph menu that will help you set up and visualize the Triangle plot.
This Graph menu allow the operator to:
Notice that if the system has valid vacuum and fluid point reference, the operating point should always be inside the triangle. If not, configuration of the Vx model and vacuum
and fluid point references should be carefully investigated.
Gamma Top Previous Next
The Gamma page is completely dedicated to the gamma detector.
It allows you to verify the following parameters of the Gamma Detector:

• Detector parameters.
• Deconvolution parameters.
On the Gamma Alarm Limits page you can view gamma detector alarm limits.
Gamma Detector diagnostics
HV Gain
High voltage Gain, this reading is updated every 60 seconds. Ideal working range is 500V < HV Gain < 800V.
Detector Temperature
Temperature of the gamma detector.
Chi Square
Chi-square test for the interpretation model, this reading is updated every second. Ideal range is 0.9 < Chi Square < 2.
HE Center
The center position of high energy peak, this reading is updated every 60 seconds. This reading should be within the range of 200 ± 1.
PHR
Pulse height resolution, this reading is updated every 60 seconds. It should be less than 25% under normal circumstance.
If the Gamma detector parameters stabilize at the desirable range over a period of at least 5 minutes, the DAFC MK4 is working properly.
On the other hand, please try to power cycle (switch off/on) the DAFC MK4 .In the case that the parameters continuously out of range, submit an InTouch Ticket in order to get proper
technical support.
Gamma Detector setup
High voltage
Sets the high voltage gain. The system would try to adjust the high voltage gain to the input value. This option is disabled by default.
Peak search
Peak search may be a useful function if the detector is unstable.
Diagnostics Top Previous Next
The Diagnostics page offers diagnostics data from the meter and transmitters, as well as versions and serial numbers in the system. It also shows the detected count rates of all
the source emissions (EVO Energy Levels) in cps, refreshed every second.
Diagnostics and version details - DAFC MK4
Transmitter configuration and status - Modbus Transmitters
Alarms – Red indicators
• CA (Common Alarm)
This indicator is lit when one ore more of the alarm states below are present.
• PND (Present, Not Defined)

A transmitter, which is not a part of the system configuration, has been detected.
• RT (Response Timeout)
The transmitter has failed to respond to three consecutive requests for data. Could be caused by strong electrical noise, unstable wiring or missing transmitter.
• HA (High Alarm)
High level alarm limit has been violated.
• LA (Low Alarm)
Low level alarm limit has been violated.
Statuses – Green indicators
• AC (Allocated)
The transmitter is a part of the system configuration with the Tag, Ch, Addr and PV as displayed.
• BM (Burst Mode)
The transmitter is in burst mode where it continuously sends its process value; default is Polled Mode where the DAFC polls the configured transmitters on the channel on a
Round – Robin basis.
If a transmitter is configured for example with wrong address according to system configuration, two transmitters will display a failure. The transmitter configured will indicate
CA, RT and AC – a missing transmitter. The one detected, but not configured, will indicate CA and PND.
QCI Top Previous Next
The QCI tab displays Quality Control Indicators. Each Quality Control Indicator corresponds either to a failure in a subsystem or a parameter being outside of the allowed range. The
indicators are structured into groups and subgroups corresponding to various subsystems and processes. The indicator can have two states: on (failure, red color) and off (no failure,
green color). A state of the group containing an indicator is ‘On’ if any of its indicators are ‘On’.
Four main groups exist:

· Hardware. Contains various indicators related to the hardware in the detector, DAFC, transmitters, etc.
· Gamma. Contains indicators related to the counts acquired by the detector.
· Flow Model. Contains indicators related to the interpretation model.

· PVT. Contains indicators related to the PVT model.
The QCI tab is horizontally split into 2 areas. The top area shows a hierarchical structure with the current state of the indicators. The bottom area shows a time log which allows to
track the state of the indicators in time.
The indicators are organized into groups and subgroups and each group or subgroup corresponds to certain subsystem. If the indicator shows a failure (red color), all the
containing subgroups will recursively show a failure. Currently each indicator corresponds to an alarm in the software.
There are 3 virtual rows. The first row contains groups, the second one contains subgroups and the third one contains indicators in a subgroup. By clicking on a group the user can
hide and show the subgroups contained in this group. Clicking on a subgroup shows the underlying indicators. By moving a mouse over the indicator, the user can see a full
description of the indicator.
The time log has a tree to structure the indicators on the left and a timeline on the right, where a period when the indicator was on is shown by a red bar.
The tree is organized in a similar manner where the three levels of the tree nodes correspond to groups, subgroups and indicators. Each node shows a tag for the indicator and a
colored rectangle, which can be either red or green depending on the state of the indicator. By moving a mouse over the indicator, the user can see its description at the bottom of the
tree.
Each node in the tree is complemented by a row in the time line. The time line can be navigated both by scrollbars and by the mouse wheel.
The mouse wheel has the following functions:

· Scroll: scrolls the window vertically
· Shift + Scroll: scrolls the window horizontally (one has to click the timeline first)
· Ctrl + Scroll: changes the time scale (zooming)
When the mouse is over the timeline, the time under the cursor is shown at the bottom of the tree:
Service Previous Top Next
The Service group is the fifth and last group on the navigation bar - and contains Service functionality.
File Transfer
Transmitters Top Previous Next
The Transmitters page offers a subset of the commands found on a Modbus Communicator. It should be used with a lot of care, as it may affect transmitters calibration and the
general configuration of the transmitters. All write commands will permanently change transmitter setup.If the Client Access Mode license is enabled then the operator can send
commands to each listed transmitter. If the Client Access Mode license is disabled the operator cannot send transmitter commands to the transmitters of Vx Spectra.
Select the Pressure or Temperature transmitter you wish to use.
In case of a Read command,select the Modbus command you wish to execute and press button.
In case of a Write command, select the HART command you wish and input the desired data, press button to execute the changes.
File Transfer Top Previous Next
The VxSM incorporate a standard FTP browser on this File Transfer page.
Open the local directory and Connect to the remote DAFC.
Note that the IP address connecting to is the same as the one set in Connection window.
The Timeout setting specifies the maximum number of milliseconds to wait for responses to commands or time between data buffer transfers. The default value of 10 seconds will normally be OK.
Once you’re connected you can transfer files between the local directory and the DAFC directory by just Selecting and Dragging them.
You can Create, Edit and View directories and files.
You will have access to the DAFC log files.
DIMS measurements Top Previous Next
Note: DIMS-functionality is controlled by the settings in the dafc.ini file in DAFC (as shown below), thus all features described below are available only:
· if Vx Service Manager is connected to DAFC with the DIMS setting enabled;
· if Vx Post Processor processes the log files generated from a DAFC with DIMS settings enabled.
In any other case DIMS-functionality will be automatically disabled.
DIMS Setting in dafc.ini

Info: This is shown here only for reference purposes. Please follow the DIMS SWIs in order to use the relevant features.
Introduction Top Previous Next
Short acronym of DIMS is Diluent Injection Monitoring System.
DIMS system is used in places where Heavy oil(down to 7°API) is produced with diluent injection to decrease viscosity.
DIMS is an Add-on system to Diligens Spectra in order to measure accurate produced oil flow rate and diluent injection flow rate using existing Vx technology for multiphase meters. An algorithm
has been implemented in the Vx Software family (DAFC / ServiceManager / PostProcessor) providing the ability to track the variation of Diluent production over time. This guide contains general
information about the DIMS-Measurements software module, installation recommendations, theory of operations and some best practices for the user.
DIMS System Architecture
Diagnostics Top Previous Next
Diagnostics - DIMS
DIMS diagnostics information will be available at the Diagnostics tab when DIMS module is enabled on DAFC.
Dil_SS - Sound Speed

Dil_FV - Flow Velocity
Dil_VFR - Volumetric Flow rate
Dil_VFRT - Volumetric Flow rate totalizer
Logging Top Previous Next
The DIMS related parameters will automatically be logged when the logging starts.
Metering Top Previous Next
1. The parameters qo_well_lc, qw_well_lc, qd_lc, mo_well_lc, mw_well_lc and md_lc can be observed at the Metering page:
2. The parameters WLRwell, WDR and DOR can be observed at the Ratios and Holdups page:
3. The parameters Mu_l_lc and Dd_lc can be observed at the Fluid Properties page:
4. The parameters read directly from the Clamp-On Ultrasonic flowmeter such as the Dil_SS, Dil_FV, Dil_VFR and Dil_VFRT can be
observed at the Transmitters page:
Cumulation Top Previous Next
All the DIMS related Cumulation parameters such as the cvo_well_lc, cvw_well_lc, cvd_lc, cmo_well_lc, cmw_well_lc and cmd_lc can be
observed at the Cumulation page:
Trends Top Previous Next
The trend graphs of all the DIMS parameters can be plotted at the Trends page.
QCI Top Previous Next
There are two DIMS related alarms implemented:
1. DIOF - Diluent Meter I/O Failure
This indicates that there is no Diluent Meter connected to DAFC though the DIMS mode is enabled.
2. DLFV - Diluent floe velocity is very low.
This indicates that the Diluent flow rate is less than data sheet limitation of the flow rates detectable by the Diluent meter.
User Operating Guidelines Top Previous Next
This section is devoted to operation practices with the DIMS-module. It collects explanation of default values in the Model Settings, ranges of tuning and recommended practices in
actions in data processing and analysis.
DIMS Editor Settings Top Previous Next
The DIMS module comes already with default settings, however it is required to adjust the model for the correct operation of the relevant features.
Instructions to feed the Diluent settings in the Editor page:
Go to Editor page.
Click “Load Diluent Tables…”
Browse the previously generated “Diluent Tables” and click Open.
Make sure that the values are loaded from the file into the below parameter values
under “Config”->”Model”->”Diluent Meter Tables” settings,
Note:
Manually verify that the loaded values are in line with the original txt file to make sure no missing
values.
· The Emulsions status can be checked whether the selected file indicates
“Emulsions expected” or “No Emulsions expected” case;
· “Liquid Viscosity table” and “Line Temperature table”, for the “No emulsions
expected” case;
· “Liquid Viscosity table for Higher WLR at Different temperature tables”, “WLR
table” and “Line Temperature table”, for the “Emulsions expected” case.
Click “Download to DAFC” to download the changed values to DAFC.

Go to “Config”->”Model”->”Diluent Meter Parameters” settings.
Enter the values of the parameters:
· “Main Pipe Thickness”, value obtained from thickness measurement (in m);
· “Main Pipe OD”, value measured during clamp-on flowmeter rig up (in m);
· “Distance”, value measured during clamp-on flowmeter rig up (in m).

Note:
Main Pipe Thickness – Thickness of the production pipe transporting Multiphase flow from the well
after the Diluent injection.
Main Pipe OD – Outer Diameter of the production pipe transporting Multiphase flow from the well
after the Diluent injection.
Distance – Distance covered by the multiphase fluid between the diluent injection point and the Vx
Spectra throat.

Go to “Model” settings in the Editor page.
Note:
The Oil Sample Density for DIMS is the density of the sample taken and prepared as for normal
Diligens Spectra operations. After separation of the water, the mixture of diluent and heavy oil is
defined as the “Oil”.
Enter the parameters:
· Diluent Sample Density

· Diluent Sample Density Temperature
· WDR
· Oil-from-well Density
· Oil-from-well Density Temperature
Note:
· “Diluent Sample Density” - Density of the diluent measured with the Anton
Paar density meter after separation of water from the liquid sample taken at
the injection line;
· “Diluent Sample Density Temperature” - Temperature of the diluent sample,
given by the density meter;
· “WDR” - Water-in-Diluent Ratio, defined and measured as the BSW of the liquid
sample taken at the injection line;
· “Oil-from-well Density” - Enter the value of the heavy oil density measured by
the PVT lab and saved in the Excel file;
· “Oil-from-well Density Temperature”: temperature of the heavy oil at which

the density measurement was performed by the PVT lab. Value in the Excel file:
In-line H2S Measurements Top Previous Next
In-line H2S Measurements is a method that enables measuring H2S content using existing Vx technology for multiphase meters. An algorithm has been implemented in the Vx
Software family (DAFC / ServiceManager / PostProcessor) providing the ability to track the variation of H2S production over time. This guide contains general information about the
H2S-Measurements software module, installation recommendations, theory of operations and some best practices for the user. Short acronym of H2SM is used for both H2S-
Measurements and H2S-Methodology descriptors.
Note: H2SM-functionality is controlled by a special license, thus all features described below are available only:
· if Vx Service Manager is connected to DAFC with one of the H2SM-licenses;
· if Vx Post Processor user has proper access level, described in Licensing.
In any other case H2SM-functionality will be automatically disabled.
Introduction Top Previous Next
H2SM Specific Outputs and Units

H2S-dedicated alarms
Additional Quality Control Indicators
H2S-Triangle
Licensing
Outputs and Units Top Previous Next
Note: H2SM-module is controlled by a special license, please refer to the the "In-line H2S Measurements Guide" for details.
Seven outputs related to H2SM-functionality are added:
# Tag Name Brief Description Units
1 H2SMfrSli H2S Fraction (sliding average) H2S mass fraction, sliding period average % or -
H2S mass fraction calculated based on cumulated flow rates with fixed
2 H2SMfrFix H2S Fraction (fixed average) % or -
period averaging applied
3 mH2S_sc H2S Mass Flow Rate SC H2S mass flow rate at standard conditions Std*
4 cmH2S_sc Cumulated H2S Mass Flow SC Cumulated H2S mass flow at standard conditions Std*
5 H2SMfrInHC H2S In HC Fraction (sliding) Mass fraction of H2S in hydrocarbons, sliding period average % or -
Mass fraction of H2S in hydrocarbons calculated based on cumulated flow

6 H2SMfrInHCFix H2S In HC Fraction (fixed) % or -
rates with fixed averaging applied
7 H2SMfrInHCLast Current H2S in HC Basis Current H2S in hydrocarbons mass fraction, reference for alarms % or -
*Std – standard units for mass flow rates and cumulative mass flow rates (no new units introduced).
Since different Clients have different standards on reporting mass/volume fraction, new units correspond to fractions were introduced:
# Unit Symbol Range
1 Per cent % 0% ... 100%
2 Dimensionless - 0 ... 1
Dimensionless units should be multiplied by 100 to be converted to “per cent” units.
Detailed description of new variables provided below:
H2SMfrSli provides total H2S mass fraction averaged over a specific period of time, which can be set in the Model Settings tab. H2SMfrSli is updated at every calculation step,
thus it is possible to follow H2S changes closely at every moment of time. Averaging is necessary to compensate the effects of gamma counts noise.
H2SMfrFix is based on the same raw data as H2SMfrSli, but the averaging applied in this case is different. It is based on ratio of cumulative H2S mass flow rate change to total
cumulative mass flow rate change over a given fixed period of time. It is reported once per this period of time called Fixed Time Interval. This type of averaging is more robust in
case of unstable production conditions like slugging due to reduced noise impact.
mH2S_sc is a mass flow rate of H2S at standard conditions, which is basically total mass flow rate at SC multiplied on H2S mass fraction with sliding averaging option applied.
Cumulative mass of produced H2S over a flow period time is reported as cmH2S_sc. Both these variables use already existing units for corresponding outputs.
H2SMfrInHC presents a total H2S mass fraction in hydrocarbons, i.e. in gas and oil. It is based on flow rates calculations at standard conditions when it is possible to assume that
all H2S is in gas phase and in oil solution, thus normalization can be performed with a water mass flow Qwater rate subtracted from total flow rate Qtotal:
This variable is a convenient tracker of H2S production changes in case of simultaneous water production variation.
H2SMfrInHCFix is an analogue of H2SMfrFix from averaging technique point of view. It is calculated the same way as H2SMfrInHC with the only one difference: all flow rates
are not instant, but cumulative.
The last new output is directly related to H2S trending evaluation and alarming system. H2SMfrInHCLast defines a baseline to compare current value and to define deviations. It’s
calculated automatically in the beginning of each flow period. If a sufficient change of H2S content is observed, operator can update this baseline. More information is provided in
alarms’ description section and "In-line H2S Measurements Guide".
In-line H2S Measurements outputs are presented in a consistent manner with any other output of 3G software family at dedicated H2S Measurements tab under Metering
submenu:
Continuous monitoring is available under Trends tab:
Note: These H2S Measurements sections in the Metering / Results tabs and output parameters in the Trends tab will not appear in the software if there is no license
installed or operator does not have a proper postprocessing privileges in place.
H2S Alarms Top Previous Next
There are two new alarms introduced with is the H2SM-module related directly to measured H2S mass fraction:
· Absolute Threshold Alarm – this alarm is raised when H2S mass fraction in hydrocarbons H2SMfrInHC reaches a predefined threshold value (i.e. H2S fraction in HC
becomes 15% from any initial level).
· Relative Limit Alarm – this alarm is raised when H S mass fraction in hydrocarbons H2SMfrInHC becomes more or less than initial basis value ± special limit value (i.e.
2
H2S fraction in HC rises up on 1% absolute from the beginning of a flow period).
General legend for both pictures:
When H2S fraction moves far away from initial value the operator can redefine the basis line and a new range for alarm indication in Model Settings.
Quality Control Indicators Top Previous Next
There is a set of Quality Control Indicators especially dedicated to In-line H2S Measurements functionality.
Follow til Meter Output QCI Flow Model H2S Section:
First three indicators correspond to the methodology-specific alarms:
· H2S! corresponds to absolute threshold alarm;
· H2S+ and H2S- linked to relative rise or hall of H2S concentration, correspondingly.
Forth indicator H2SC signalizes, when correction to H2S-changes is not applied for some reason. The reason could be a new H2S-basis calculation, lack of proper H2S-tables or any
other reason, which other QCIs will help to identify.
Next four indicators show status of H2S-tables check. They become red:
· when there are no proper tables provided - HTAB
· when total H2S concentration H2SH, line pressure H2SP or temperature H2ST falls out of the ranges, covered by loaded tables.
There are two internal methodology consistency check indicators implemented:
· DCONS – density calculation driven QCI
· FCONS – fraction calculation driven QCI
When these indicators are green - they confirm that methodology is operating within its operation range and the result is consistent. When one or both of these indicators turn red
an internal consistency check has failed for density calculations (DCONS) or mass fraction calculations (FCONS), indicating possible inconsistent outputs (for example when meter
operates outside specified dynamic dP-envelope).
H2S-Triangle Top Previous Next
There is a new feature of In-line H2S Measurements called H2S-Triangle. It is a graphical representation of H2S-fraction measurements in mass attenuation axis. The same was as in
standard Vx processing 3 key components of the fluid were identified: H2S, Brine and Hydrocarbons (red, blue and green apexes of the triangle in figure below). Main application of
this triangle is a quality check of H2S-Methodology input settings.
The triangle is visible only for PhaseTester operations according to the licensing.
H2SM Licensing Top Previous Next
H2SM is a license protected feature of the Vx software:

· Application specific – 3 different licenses for PhaseWatcher & PhaseTester
· Hardware specific – unique license generated for each DAFC
Main purpose of introducing licensing for operations with In-line H2S Measurements is to ensure that operator has proper training and skills to setup methodology properly and will
deliver correct information to the Client. Detailed scheme with key features of each license is presented in table below:
H2S Measurement
Name H2S Mode Inline H2S Measurement
Services
Applicable PhaseWatcher PhaseWatcher PhaseTester & PW setup
User Client: Service Manager Client: Service Manager SLB: SM + PP
ON / OFF only for data

H2SM Mode Locked at “ON - Auto” ON / OFF at DAFC
gathered with this lic.
Setup is locked,
Inputs Setup is locked, hidden Full setup is available
Averaging intervals only
Outputs Limited Alarms & QCI only All outputs All outputs
H2S-Triangle No No Yes
There is an internal checker in the software, which limits postprocessing outputs to the same number as it was during acquisition time. Which means, that there will be no information
presented in GUI/output files for “H2S Mode” license.
License is controlled at DAFC via unique hardware-dependant file and special encrypted data tagging. Postprocessing access level is checked at special “Vx H2S Advanced data
processing” LDAP Group and via cross-check of LDAP vs. PC-login to limit unauthorized access.
User Operating Guidelines Top Previous Next
This section is devoted to operation practices with the H2SM-module. It collects explanation of default values in the Model Settings, ranges of tuning and recommended practices in
actions in data processing and analysis.
H2SM Model Settings

Inputs Configuration
Alarms Handling
H2SM Model Settings Top Previous Next
It is important to set up the model properly before it is used. A list of new controls at Model Settings tab with functionality description is provided below.
Select H2S Mode - this trigger controls whether the In-line H2S Measurements functionality is switched or not (group 1, top line).
When H2SM Mode is in:
· Off "In-line H2S Measurements" functionality is disabled, it’s a default mode when there is no special license;
· Manual "In-line H2S Measurements" functionality is enabled, and the operator is responsible for updating references (oil / gas / water) in case of major changes of H2S
fraction, changes due to pressure and temperature are corrected automatically;
· Auto "In-line H2S Measurements" functionality is enabled, correction to the references is applied automatically with changes of H2S fraction, pressure and temperature .
Note: H2SM Mode could be switched on (Manual/Auto) only when parameter Gas Mass Attenuation Reference is set to “from composition” value. This restriction
comes from processing algorithm.
Methodology specific parameters are displayed at the right bottom area (highlighted red area 2 on the top figure of the section), when H2SM Settings folder is active at the folder-
tree.
Set H2S in HC Absolute Alarm Threshold: this variable governs absolute alarm indication, i.e. there is an alarm raised each time when H2SMfrInHC is higher than H2S in
HC Absolute Alarm Threshold. This variable is in units of percent (100 times mass fraction).
Set H2S in HC Relative Alarm Limit: this variable governs relative alarm indication. Basically it sets absolute maximum deviation of H2S mass fraction in hydrocarbons
H2SMfrInHC from initial level. On figure basis value of H2SMfrInHCLast is shown with black dashed line, H2S Alarm Limit shown with blue and green dashed lines for high and
low limits correspondingly. It uses the same units as mass fraction units, i.e. % or dimensionless.
Set Sliding Average Period: this variable defines the duration of sliding averaging applied to H2S mass fractions with time units of minutes.
Set Fixed Time Interval: this variable defines the duration of fixed averaging applied to H2S mass fractions with time units of minutes.
Set Initial H2S Basis Evaluation Time: this variable defines time necessary to determine basis level for H2S detection (black dashed line on figure) and alarms. Thus no alarms
can be raised during this period of time, moreover it is desired that flow should be stabilized to the start moment (new flow period started at Vx ServiceManager or unstable area
mapped in Vx PostProcessor), thus the basis will be determined more accurately.
Set H2S in HC Basis: this variable is basis level for H2S detection (black dashed line on figure) and alarms. This basis is saved automatically in configuration once after one
Initial H2S Basis Evaluation Time is passed. All corrections are performed around this basis value, thus it is important, that this value corresponds to actual condition when a
meter was set up.
Set H2S Basis Pressure and Temperature: these variables are pressure & temperature corresponding to H2S in HC Basis level. As well as basis they are determined
automatically during first time basis evaluation and reflects actual conditions when the meter was set up.
Set H2S mass fraction in Oil / Gas / Water: this input is a set of tables, required to correct Vx reference attenuation coefficients, when H2S fraction changes sufficiently
(group 3 on the top figure of the section, or group 1 on the figure below). Each parameter consists of several layers; each layer is a table of H2S mass fraction at given media – oil /
gas /water for given pressure, temperature and total H2S mass fraction in the production fluid (group 2). Tables must be created for each reservoir formation individually, and can be
uploaded to the configuration via standard dialog after pressing button (group 3). The example in figure below presents a set of 3 tables, but it is possible to use
from 2 up to 10 tables (depends on the available information and the targeted accuracy).
Note: All the new variables described above have default values, but it does not mean that these values are optimal for each given reservoir. Thus a thorough review of the
model settings is required following the recommendations from Inputs Configuration taking into account specific nuances before each job.
There is a one setting for H2SM Model which is displayed only under Configuration Editor Model tab. It is Oil Reference for H2SM: this trigger defines which oil reference
will be used for the H2S-Methodology referencing .
When Oil Reference for H2SM is in:
· Oil Reference "In-line H2S Measurements" algorithm uses oil attenuation coefficients from standard processing (could be found at Reference page);
· Manual Input The operator can set proper value of oil attenuation – dedicated variable called Dead Oil Mass Att. for H2SM appears at folder-tree below H2SM
Settings folder;
Note: Dead oil attenuation coefficients must be used for H2S Mode referencing. Usage of Live Oil in situ or inaccurate Manual Input could lead to sufficient difference
between actual H2S concentration and measured values (biases) and worse trending.
Inputs Configuration Top Previous Next
The H2SM-module comes already with default settings which fit most field applications, however it is possible to adjust the model for individual fields or the client’s preferences.
First of all the H2SM Mode) requires Gas Mass Attenuation Reference to be set to from composition value. Thus the operator must ensure that the provided composition is
valid and up to date, inaccurate composition will lead to incorrect H2S fraction calculation.
There are two options for H2SM Mode available when "In-line H2S Measurements" functionality is ON: Auto and Manual. When H2S Mode is in the Auto position there is an
automatic correction to the reference mass attenuation coefficients applied depending on the H2S mass fraction variation. When H2SM Mode is in the Manual position, the operator
is responsible for defining the time of update. To do it the operator should press button at the Model Settings tab:
This action will lead to a reference update and reinitiate the H2S Basis calculation (see Alarms Section). It is recommended to have Manual option as the default for the H2SM
Mode, since it provides the opportunity to make a confident decision taking into account all events and conditions. Pressing button, when H2SM Mode is in
Auto, will only lead to restart H2S Basis (H2SMfrInHCLast) calculations, since reference update is performed continuously. The operator’s work-flow is presented below:
Tips for setting up alarm limits and thresholds are provided in the next section with other information on alarm handling.
The default setting for Sliding Average Period is 10 minutes. This value provides output of H2S mass fractions H2SMfrInHC and H2SMfSli with good sensitivity to changes and
reasonable noise level. It is not recommended to set a shorter time period, since noise level will increase and will make data analysis and processing more difficult for the operator.
Longer averaging times could be used for the purpose of noise reduction in case of stable production conditions or if there is no need for high sensitivity trending.
The default setting for Fixed Time Interval is 60 minutes to have a focus noiseless results and stable outputs. H2S-fractions based on cumulative flow rates are provided from the
beginning of flow period. However, it must be noted, that due to high relative uncertainty level they might be inaccurate during first minutes of flow, thus should be treated with
caution.
Note: Sliding average takes into account “history” of all events, which had happened over a sliding period. Thus, effects caused by these events will propagate during one
period.
Note: Cumulative flow rates based fractions are more inert to changes and takes into account all events, which had happened over Cumulation period.
The default setting for Initial Basis Evaluation Time is 2 hours. It is not recommended to shorten it since in this case the basis might be affected by noise and determined
inaccurately. The initial basis is a key value in alarm detection, thus it must be defined accurately. In continuous production monitoring it is recommended to start new flow period
when flow become stable enough, i.e. effects of job start have passed and the meter is in its operation envelope. The same accuracy could be achieved later during a post-
processing by mapping-out an area with unstable flow in the beginning of production/flow period. There is a minimum value check of 15 minutes for this variable implemented to
cover possible applications in PhaseTester business.
H2S Mass Fraction in Oil / Water / Gas tables could be prepared in the PVT-Pro Software (© DBR Technology Center, Schlumberger) for different H2S flow rates / fractions
corresponding to different production scenarios. Thus these tables can be uploaded via pressing button choosing corresponding file, provided by PVT-expert.
Note: Tables of H2S Mass Fraction in Oil / Water / Gas are very field-specific and they must be generated for each reservoir individually.
Alarms Handling Top Previous
There are two main types of alarms addressed to H2S measurements: absolute and relative. In case of an absolute alarm an indication will appear when H2S mass fraction in
hydrocarbons H2SMfrInHC exceeds a predefined threshold H2S in HC Absolute Alarm Threshold. A relative alarm will be raised when H2SMfrInHC moves out of the range,
defined by an H2S in HC Relative Alarm Limit around the basis line of H2SMfrInHCLast. In both cases algorithm will indicate if H2S trending requires the attention of the
operator (see Alarms and Outputs and Units for details on variables).
Thus it is very important to set these alarm-causing values properly. For example, H2S in HC Absolute Alarm Threshold should not be set below H2S mass fraction, because in
this case alarm will be always on and will not bring any significant information. It is recommended to set this value equal to the point of interest of H2S build up. For instance, there
is a well producing 11% H2S at the moment, setting H2S in HC Absolute Alarm Threshold to 12% will give Operator a good indication of H2S growth.
Setting relative alarm H2S in HC Relative Alarm Limit properly is very important as well, since if the range will be very narrow, the alarm list become overloaded with events of
H2S variations due to the signal’s noise. Too broad a range will lead to an indication, when changes of H2S are already significant.
Note: It is not recommended to set H2S in HC Relative Alarm Limit less than 0.2%, since this will be outside of the H2S-methodology specifications. However, this
functionality was not disabled and can be used by the operator at his/her own risk in case of stable flows and long averaging times.
When any H2SM-alarm is raised, first of all, the operator must double check, that there are no events correlating with alarm in time. These events could be: choke size change, back
pressure jumps from facilities downstream the production line, merging flow from different wells, etc. This list is exclusive. The H2SM-module is quite sensitive to the meter’s
operation envelope, thus each event, which causes a dramatic change in production conditions or pushing a meter out of its envelope, could cause H2S-alarm to appear.
In addition, the H2S trending methodology uses data from standard Vx processing, i.e. references or fluid flow rates. Thus if there is an event causing errors in standard
calculations, the same event will be responsible for an H2S-alarm, since once initiated an error of regular processing would propagate through calculations up to the H2SM-algorithms.
An example of such events is mass attenuation reference change due to breakthrough of water with attenuation properties different from initial.
The H2SM-module process is based on noisy nuclear data, thus there is always a chance that an alarm could be triggered by a noise. Different averaging techniques are used to
minimize this probability, but ultimately it will be determined by the way they are set up. Thus, if the operator observes multiple alarm indication caused by a noisy output, he/she
should make the following steps:
· Check, that it is actually noise (not a trend) which is causing the alarm. A simple check is to increase sliding averaging time several times or apply filter in the Trends tab.
· If there is no trend observed, then options are:
o whether to shift an alarm threshold farther away;
o or to apply averaging time, longer than the initial one to decrease the noise level;
· If there is a trend observed, it is recommended:
o to check for correlating events first;
o to collect enough data and confirm trend effect (duration should be several times longer than applied averaging periods);
o to report H2S-alarm.
There is a specific alarm dedicated to indicate when line pressure and temperature are outside of the range, covered by H2S-tables, which are used for Vx references update. Once it
appears the operator should request new tables which will cover whole (wider) range of operating conditions.

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Introduction Page 1 of 63

Introduction Top Next

Vx Spectra Service Manager

What is Vx Spectra Service Manager for Client? Top Previous Next

Figure 1 - Vx Spectra system.

Contacting Us Top Previous Next

In this section you will learn about:

Download Installation File

Download Installation File Top Previous Next

Installation Top Previous Next

Click on button to start the installation.

Click on button and you will have to confirm installation.

When completed, click on Close to finish.

Overview Top Previous Next

Top Menu Top Previous Next

The top menu and tool bar looks like this:

The main menu bar:

Open existing job Ctrl+O

Save current job Ctrl+S

Menu Item Description Short Key

Menu Item Description

Menu Item Description

Menu Item Description

a snapshot folder under your log

Menu Description Short

Menu Item Description

Navigation Top Previous Next

Click here for more information about the Job section.

Click here for more information about the Configuration section.

Click here for more information about the Service section.

Status Top Previous Next

The following information can be found on the status bar:

• IP address on connected DAFC

The different pop-up tab folders are described below:

Alarms active tab:

Alarm log tab:

Event log tab:

Action log tab:

Getting Started Top Previous Next

Start Up Top Previous Next

1. Create a New Job

Preferences Top Previous Next

In this section you will learn about:

General Top Previous Next

PC File & Disk management

Trend Data History

Custom Units Top Previous Next

The Custom Units page allow you to customize units.

Unit Sets Top Previous Next

Custom unit sets.

Delete an existing unit set by pressing button and confirm deletion.

Servers Top Previous Next

• DAFC date & Time.

To outputs to the server are enabled by default and is not configurable

Clients Top Previous Next

Job Top Previous Next

Properties Top Previous Next

Current location and duration of logging is shown:

The Job Folder

The Job Folder is made when the job is created.

C:\Documents and Settings\<user>\My Documents\Vx\Jobs\<client>\<location>\<well>\Job<xxx>

The following files are stored in the Job Folder:

Diagnostics Data file (.dd)