CARIBBEAN E XAM I NAT I O N S COUNCIL

CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION®

‘‘*’’Barcode Area”*”
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06 MAY 2022 (p.m.)

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TEST CODE 0 2 2 2 5 0 2 0

SUBJECT GEOGRAPHY – UNIT 2 – Paper 02

PROFICIENCY ADVANCED

REGISTRATION NUMBER

SCHOOL/CENTRE NUMBER

NAME OF SCHOOL/CENTRE

CANDIDATE’S FULL NAME (FIRST, MIDDLE, LAST)

‘‘*’’Barcode Area”*”

DATE OF BIRTH D D M M Y Y Y Y
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SIGNATURE __________________________________________________

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 TEST CODE 02225020
FORM TP 2022264 MAY/JUNE 2022

CARIBBEAN E XAM I NAT I O N S COUNCIL

CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION®

GEOGRAPHY

CLIMATE, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

AND DEVELOPMENT

UNIT 2 – Paper 02

3 hours

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

1. This paper consists of FOUR questions. Answer ALL questions.

2. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

3. Do NOT write in the margins.

4. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator to answer questions.

5. You may use geometrical instruments.

6. If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do so on the
original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back of this
booklet. Remember to draw a line through your original answer.

7. If you use the extra page(s) you MUST write the question number clearly in the
box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where relevant, include the
question part beside the answer.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Copyright © 2020 Caribbean Examinations Council

All rights reserved.
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MODULE 1, 2, 3

1. Study the map extract of Sauteurs, Grenada, on a scale of 1:25 000 (provided as an insert) and
answer the questions that follow.

(a) (i) Based on map evidence, explain TWO factors that facilitated extensive cultivation.
Include ONE example for EACH factor.

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[6 marks]

(ii) Outline TWO reasons why farming should NOT occur in the southwest region of
the map extract.

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(b) You are required to conduct a transect survey of the northern bank of the mangrove located
at 4244, southeast towards the coast on the map extract. List the 5 steps that should be
taken to conduct this survey.

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[5 marks]

(c) (i) Outline TWO possible reasons for the spatial growth and development of Sauters.

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[4 marks]

(ii) Name and state the location of ONE non-agricultural activity and ONE non-
primary activity on the map extract.

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[4 marks]

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(iii) Suggest ONE reason for the lack of economic activity in the south-western section
of the map extract.

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[1 mark]

(d) Identify and state the potential location of THREE tourism related activities that could be
started east of easting 41.

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[6 marks]

(e) Figure 1 shows a photograph of a squatter settlement. Study the photograph and answer
the questions that follow.

Figure 1. Squatter settlement

Source: https://www.iied.org/human-settlements-our-ways-working.
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(i) Explain TWO reasons why this squatter settlement is a cause for environmental
safety or health concern.

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[6 marks]

(ii) State TWO reasons why the squatter settlement may have developed.

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(iii) Identify TWO measures that could be taken by local authorities to prevent squatting.

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[2 marks]

(f) Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between
Gross National Product (GNP) and energy production per capita, for a list of developed
and developing countries.

(i) State the null hypothesis.

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[2 marks]

(ii) The value of Rs was calculated as 0.72. Explain the significance of this result.

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[3 marks]

Total 45 marks

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MODULE 1: CLIMATE, VEGETATION AND SOILS

2. (a) Discuss how the axial tilt of the Earth impacts the insolation received at the Earth’s surface.

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[5 marks]

(b) If there was no axial tilt (0°), explain how each of the following would be affected.

(i) The length of day

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[2 marks]

(ii) The seasons

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(c) Explain the terms ‘global warming’ and ‘greenhouse effect’ and explain the relationship
between the two terms.

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[4 marks]

(d) Figure 2 is a Tricellular (global general circulation) model. Study the model and answer
the questions that follow.

Figure 2. Tricellular (global general circulation) model

(i) State the purpose of the tricellular (global general circulation) model.

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[2 marks]

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(ii) List THREE features of the general circulation patterns in EACH of the following.

The tropics

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The mid-latitudes

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[6 marks]

(iii) Specific vegetation types are associated with locations indicated by the letters
A - E on Figure 2 - the Tricellular Model. Using the model as a guide, and the
table below, indicate with the letters A - E, the location of each vegetation type
listed, based on their location in the model

Vegetation Type Location (Letter)

Tropical forest

Arid deserts

Tropical grassland

Temperate grasslands

Temperate Coniferous forest

[5 marks]

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(e) Compare any TWO of the climatic conditions required for the growth of the tropical
rainforest and the temperate coniferous forest.

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[4 marks]

Total 30 marks

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MODULE 2: ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

3. (a) Define the term ‘de-industrialization’.

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[1 mark]

(b) State TWO characteristics of EACH of the following activities. Include ONE example of
each characteristic.

(i) Secondary economic activity

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(ii) Quaternary economic activity

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[8 marks]

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(c) Figure 3 represents changes over time of employment in various economic activities in
more developed countries (MDCs). Study the figure and answer the questions that follow.

Figure 3. Employment by Economic Activity in the MDCs

Source: https://www.revolvy.com/page/Economic-sector.

Describe the trends in the following employment activities during the period of de-
industrialization.

(i) Primary activities

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(ii) Tertiary activities

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(d) Outline TWO factors that may have caused the decline in employment in secondary
activities in More Developed Countries (MDCs).

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[4 marks]

(e) Explain briefly TWO ways that the agricultural sector contributes to climate change.

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(f) Discuss THREE strategies contributing to increased tourism arrivals in a named Caribbean
country.

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[9 marks]

Total 30 marks
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MODULE 3

4. (a) Distinguish between the terms ‘development’ and ‘sustainable development’.

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(b) Figure 4 shows the life expectancy at birth for Hong Kong, China and Sierra Leone for
2017. Study the figure and answer the question that follows.

Figure 4. Diagram showing life expectancy at birth for Hong Kong,

China and Sierra Leone for 2017

Source: http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2018_human_development_statistical_update.pdf.

Calculate the difference in life expectancy at birth between Hong Kong and Sierra Leone
using the data shown in Figure 4.

[1 mark]

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(c) Explain TWO factors that may account for the low rates of life expectancy at birth for
some developing countries.

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[6 marks]

(d) State TWO reasons why GDP per capita cannot be used on its own in determining the
level of development of a country.

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[2 marks]

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(e) Disparities in development can either be localized or regional. Using Friedmann’s model,
answer the questions that follow.

(i) Draw and label stage 4 of Friedmann’s core–periphery model.

[4 marks]

(ii) State TWO characteristics of EACH of the following.

The core

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The periphery

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(iii) “The core–periphery model is not relevant in the twenty-first century”.

Discuss THREE arguments to support the statement above.

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[9 marks]

Total 30 marks

END OF TEST

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.

The Council has made every effort to trace copyright holders. However, if any have been inadvertently
overlooked, or any material has been incorrectly acknowledged, CXC will be pleased to correct this at
the earliest opportunity.

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EXTRA SPACE

If you use this extra page, you MUST write the question number clearly in the box provided.

Question No.

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EXTRA SPACE

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If you use this extra page, you MUST write the question number clearly in the box provided.

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 CANDIDATE’S RECEIPT

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE:

1. Fill in all the information requested clearly in capital letters.

TEST CODE: 0 2 2 2 5 0 2 0

SUBJECT: GEOGRAPHY – UNIT 2 – Paper 02

PROFICIENCY: ADVANCED

REGISTRATION NUMBER:

FULL NAME: ________________________________________________________________

(BLOCK LETTERS)

Signature: ____________________________________________________________________

Date: ________________________________________________________________________

2. Ensure that this slip is detached by the Supervisor or Invigilator and given to you when you
hand in this booklet.

3. Keep it in a safe place until you have received your results.

INSTRUCTION TO SUPERVISOR/INVIGILATOR:

Sign the declaration below, detach this slip and hand it to the candidate as his/her receipt for this booklet
collected by you.

I hereby acknowledge receipt of the candidate’s booklet for the examination stated above.

Signature: _____________________________
Supervisor/Invigilator

Date: _________________________________