Why is Bodh Gaya an important Buddhist

pilgrimage centre?
(a) Gautam Buddha preached his first sermon here
after attaining enlightenment.
(b) Gautam Buddha attained parinirvana here.
(c) Gautam Buddha attained enlightenment here.
(d) Gautam Buddha was born here.
Where did Buddha give the last sermon
before his Mahanirvana?

(a) Vaishali
(b) Sarmath
(c) Lumbini
(d) Kushinagar
Which of the following was a
compilation of the teachings of
th th
Buddha in ~ around 5 to 4 century BCE?

(a) Tipitaka
(b) Tattvartha
(c) Avesta
(d) Ashtanga
The ‘Digha Nikaya’ is a collection of
discourses.
(a) Sikh
(b) Jain
(c) Buddhist
(d) Hindu
Which of the following pairs is correctly
matched?
(a) Second Buddhist Council – Viratnagar
(b) Fourth-Buddhist Council – Rajgriha
(c)Third Buddhist Council – Pataliputra
(d) First Buddhist Council I- Kashmir
The Buddhist Council that led to the
final division in Buddhism in two parts,
Hinayana and Mahayana, was held at
which of the following sites?

(a) Rajagriha
(b) Vaishali
(d) Kashmir
(c) Pataliputra
Which of the following places did the
Buddhist event known as
‘Dhammachakkapavattan’ take place?
(a) Lumbini
(b) Kushinagar
(c) Sarnath
(d) Bodh Gaya
Which of the following features
distinguishes Buddhism from Jainism?
(a) Rejection of the authority of the Vedas
(b) Extreme form conduct and self-
mortification
(c) Belief in good action
(d) Non-injury to living beings
The term ‘Tripitakas’ in Buddhism mean
three:
(a) trees
(b) baskets
(c) houses
(d) roads
The place of Buddha's birth was a grove
known as:
(a) Pavapuri
(b) (b) Kushinagar
(c) (c) Ujjain
(d) (d) Lumbini
Which of the following languages was
spoken by Buddha ?
A)Prakrit
(b) Sanskrit
(c) Apabhramsa
(d) None of the above
Which set of tales deals with the
previous births of Buddha ?
(a) Jataka
(b) Tripitaka
(c) Aesop’s Fables
(d) None of the above
According to the Jain Philosophy, the term ‘Jina’ means _____.
(a)Iord (b)free from fetters ©worthy
(d)the conqueror
The __________ is a Jain text
containing the biographies of the
Jain Tirthankaras, most notably Parshvanath
and Mahavira.
(a)Uttaradhyayana
(b)Adi Purana
©Mahapurana
(d)Kalpa Sutra
Where did Lord Mahavira attain salvation?
(a) Sonagiri (b) Pawapuri
© Shravanabelagola
(d) Mount Abu
BUDDHISM
• Founder – Gautam Buddha (Light of Asia)
• Also known as – Shakya Muni
• Birth – 563 BC
• Place – Lumbini, Kapilvastu, Nepal
• Childhood name – Siddhartha.
Extra- Fact
• Father – Shuddhodhana (Shakya)
• Mother – Mahamaya or mayadevi( koliyan clan}
• Wife – Yashodhara
• Son – Rahul
• Horse – Kanthaka
• Sarthi – Channa
• Prajapati Gautami (Aunt of Buddha)- {mausi}-first disciple
• An astrologer told shuddhodhana that there are two
possibilities regarding the life of Siddhartha
• 1- great ruler
• 2- monk
• So his father decided to provide all the facilities in the mehal itself
• One day he asked his sarathi channa to bring his horse kanthak
to move out.
• During his movement he saw :
• 1) an old man with bend back
• 2) a person who was having his last breath
• 3) ek arthi
• 4) a monk
• At the age of 29 years, Siddhartha Left his home.
• This incident is known as Mahabhinishkramana.
• He met Acharya Alar Kalam near vaishali
• Then hereached Rajgrihand met Dharma Acharya Rudrak
Rampoutt
• Gautama got enlightened in themight of baisakh purnima
after six years of continuous meditation under Bodhitree in
Bodh gaya at the age of 35 yrs.
• another name – tathagat
• Buddha gave his first preachement
(Dharmachakrapravartana) in Sarnath (Varanasi)
• Bimbisara , theruler of Magadha built a Mahavihara
called Velavan for his residence
• Kosala king prasenjeet also adopted Buddhist religion
• He founded a Buddhist unioun in Sarnath To follow 3 their
3 Ratnas
• 1. Buddha, 2. Sanga, 3. Dharma
• Death-kushinagar{ in the republic of Mallas }
• It is known as Mahaparinirvana
• He went inhislastyears to his disciple CHUND at pava,
• where he got food poisioning after eating pork given by
chund.
• After that he went to kushinagar where he gave his last
Sermon to “ subhaddha”
FIRST BUDDHIST COUNCIL – 483 BC
• Venue – Rajagriha (Sataparni Cave)
• King – Ajatashatru
• (Haryanka Dynasty)
• Chairman – Mahakasapa Work – 2 Pitakas were added –
• 1) Suttapitaka (teachings of Buddha)
• 2) Vinaypitaka (rules for disciples )
SECOND BUDDHIST COUNCIL – 383 BC
• Second Buddhist Council – 383 BC
• Place – Vaishali
• King – Kalashoka (Shishunaga dynasty) Chairman –
• Sabakmir (Sarvakamini)
THIRD BUDDHIST COUNCIL – 251 BC
• Place – Patliputra
• King – Ashoka (Maurya Dynasty) Chairman –
• Mongliputtakissa
• Work – 3rd Pitaka added in Buddhism
• Abhidhanmapitaka (biographier of
• monks contemporary to
• Ashoka)
FOURTH BUDDHIST COUNCIL
• Place – Kundalvan, Kashmir
• King – Kanishka (Kushana dynasty)
• Chairman – Vasumitra
• V. Chairman – Ashwaghosh
• Work – Buddhism divided into 2 communities-
• Hinyana
• Mahayana
HINAYANA
•They do not believe in statue MAHAYANA
worship •They follows statue worship
•They consider Gautam Buddha •They consider Gautam Buddha
as a human as a God.
EXTRA FACT TO KNOW
• Rummindei pillai inscription – Ashoka
• { Buddha born in Lumbini}
• Mahabhinishkramana – left home-
• Mahaparinirvana – death- kushinagar,malla
• Nirvana- the extinction of flames of desires
• First cermon- sarnath
• Maximum sermons-shravasti
JAINISM
• There were 24 tirthankars in Jainism
• First – rishabdev
PARSHAVNATH
• 23rd tirthankar
• Died on Sanveda His when he was 100 yrs
old.
• 4 Mahavratha
• Satya (Truth)
• Astya (Non-stealing
• Ahima (Non-Violence)
• Aparigraha (Non-acquisition/ Non power)
MAHAVIR
• 24th tirthankar
• He was the last tirthankar
• Birth – 540 B.C. Kundagram, Vaishali
• Childhood name – Vardhamana
• Father-Siddhartha (jantrik clan)
• Mother –trishala (licchvi clan)
• Wife-yashoda
• Daughter - Priyadarshana
SERIES OF EVENTS
•At the age of 30 yrs, Vardhamana left his home by
taking permission from his elder brother, Nandivardhana.
• He met Makhali Goshal, who became his first student before
enlightenment.
• After enlightenment First student – Jamali.
• Ajivaka community by Makhali Goshal.
• Bindusara was known as follower of Ajivake comm.
• After 12 years, he get enlightment in Jumbhikgram under the
shawl tree at the bank of RIJUPALIKA RIVER
• Kivalaya - enlightment
• He gave his sermon in PRAKTRIT language
• First sermon – Rajgriha
• He died at the age of 72 year at PAVAPURI (Bihar) (468 BC)
• He added 5th mahavrata – BRAHMACHARYA
• Triatna – samyak darshana acharan
• Samyak darshan – right faith
• Samyak gyana – right knowledge
• Samyak charitra – right conduct
• First female disciple – Chandana
• Most famous followers – Sthulbhadra and Bhadra bahu
THE SPLIT
SHWETAMBRA DIGAMBRA
• Sthulbhadra • Bhadrabahu
• Went to shravanbelgola Karnataka
I JA INISM COUNCIL – 300 BC
• Place – Patliputra
• Ruler – Chandragupta Maurya Chairman – Sthulbhadra
• Work – Jainism divided into 2 communities
• 1. Swetambaras 2. Dagambaras
• 298 BC – Chandragupta died due
• to Salllekhana/Santhare
SHWETAMBARA DIGAMBARA
• Monks wear white clothes • Monks do not wear cloths
II JA INISM COUNCIL – 513 A .D.
• Place – Vallabhi, Gujrat
• Work, Teachings of Jainism were scripted during this
council Jain Texts Aagam
II JAINISM COUNCIL – 513 A.D.
• The sacred scripture of Jainism is called anga.
• Jain literature is called Aagam
• Kapilsutra composed by Bhadrabahu tells about the
earlier history of Jainism.
• Gomteshwara statue – also known as Bahubali statue
is located in shravanbelgola, Karnataka
• The dilwara temple : Jain temple at khujrao was built
by Chandel ruler